A case study with attitude-based analysis of the city of Gliwice, Poland. Presentation given at Veloforum Conference in Lviv, Ukraine in October, 2014

1. Master Thesis in Built Environment. Spring 2014.
Developing bicycle culture in a city prioritizing
automobiles
A case study with attitude-based analysis of the
city of Gliwice, Poland
Ewa Lutogniewska

2. Agenda
Why How What
Problem
Theory
and
Methods
Analysis
and
Outcome

3. Source of map: www.maps.google.com

4. Source of map: www.maps.google.com

5. Population: 186 000
Area: 134km2
Population density: 1400 inh/km2
Gliwice
Source of map: www.maps.google.com

6. Highway N-S
Highway W-E
Central
Highway
W-E
Planned (ring)
roads
Bike lanes
94 km
Mostly recreational
Incoherent Source of map: PP-U „INKOM” S.C. Katowice, 2013

7. Photo credit: Kamila Wachowiak

8. Photo credit: Adam Lutogniewski

9. Photo credit: Adam Lutogniewski

10. Photos: Ewa Lutogniewska

11. Photo credit: Piotr Lutogniewski

12. Photos: Ewa Lutogniewska

13. Photo credit: Gliwicka Rada Rowerowa

14. Photo credit: Gliwicka Rada Rowerowa

15. Modal Split
1,80% 0,60%
24.30%
26,80%
46,50%
Data Source: PP-U „INKOM” S.C. Katowice, 2011

16. Research Questions
What is the residents’ attitude towards cycling
for transport?
What is the local authorities’ attitude towards
increasing the role of utilitarian cycling?
In relation to these attitudes, how to facilitate
the development of bicycling for transportation
in Gliwice?

17. Theories
Theory of Planned Behaviour (Icek Ajzen)
Source: Ajzen, 1991
Attitude-Based Segmentation

18. Methods – Case Study
Online Questionnaire
Interviews
Documents
Video Recording
Literature Review

19. Analysis - Residents
Biking:
+ Good for one’s health
+ Money-saving
 Risk of bike theft
 Not weatherproof
Encouraging to Biking:
+ Developed bike infrastructure
+ Possibility on cycling on closed roads or opposite way on one-way
roads
 Poor bike lanes network
 Heavy traffic
 Risk of bike theft
294 answers
Equal gender distribution
Age distribution:
18-25 54%
26-35 23%
36-50 13%
51-65 8%
Over 65 1%

20. Residents: attitude-based target groups
Perceived Behavioural
Control
1 2 3 4 5
Attitude
1
3% 5%
2
3 6% 21%
4
4% 27%
34%
5
Urban
Cycling
Enthusiasts
Hesitant
Cycling
Supporters
Susceptible
Uncertain
Commuters
Strict
Underappreciators
Tolerant
Non-cyclists
Susceptible
Conservatives
Determined
Rejecters
1 – negative, 5 – positive

21. Analysis – local authorities
Who’s responsible for cycling infrastructure?
1. The Department of Investments and Renovations
2. The Office of City Streets
3. The Department of Economic Ventures and Municipal
Services
4. The City Office of Municipal Services

22. Analysis – local authorities
What is sustainable transport?
Attitude
 no plan to change the modal split
 Yes: Gliwice – city for cars
 Bike as secondary/ tertiary mode of transport
But…

23. 300 km of bike lanes
€ 60 million
Bike lanes network
plan
Why?
To allow people to cycle more easily.
Source of map: PP-U „INKOM” S.C. Katowice, 2013

24. Local authorities
Subjective norms
 Promotional tool
 Because others do it
Perceived behavioural control
 Financial obstacles
 Reorganization and reconstruction of roads

25. Outcome
Targeting following groups:
 Urban cycling enthusiasts
 Hesitant cycling supporters
 Susceptible urban commuters
 Susceptible conservatives
Developing bike infrastructure
87%

26. Outcome
Coherent plan for sustainable mobility
INTERACTION:
residents  local authorities

27. Residents
- Willing to take up cycling for transport
Local Authorities
- Misunderstanding of the concept of sustainable mobility
 undervalued role of cycling
 Potential Users
 Need
 Engagement of the
...,,,Local Authorities

28. Thank you
Ewa Lutogniewska
ewalutogniewska@gmail.com
http://muep.mah.se/handle/2043/17349
Photo credit: Dorota Lutogniewska

29. References
Ajzen, I., 1991. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), p. Organizational
Behavior and Human Decision Processes.
Dydkowski, G. & Tomanek, R., 2010. Strategia rozwoju zbiorowego transportu miejskiego w Gliwicach. Identyfikacja i ocena opcji
strategicznych, Katowice: Centrum Badań i Ekspertyz Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach.
Google Maps, 2014. Google Maps. [Online] Available at: https://maps.google.pl/[Accessed 02 06 2014].
GUS, 2012. Statystyka regionalna: Rankingi statystyczne: Miasta o największej liczbie ludności. [Online]
Available at: http://stat.gov.pl/statystyka-regionalna/rankingi-statystyczne/miasta-o-najwiekszej-liczbie-ludnosci-3018/
[Accessed 25 05 2014].
GUS, 2013. Statystyka regionalna: Rankingi statystyczne: Największe miasta pod względem powierzchni. [Online]
Available at: http://www.stat.gov.pl/gus/5840_6112_PLK_HTML.htm [Accessed 10 04 2014].
PP-U "INKOM" S.C. Katowice, 2011. Opracowanie modelu ruchu pasażerskiego w Gliwicach: Etap I. Opracowanie modelu ruchu
dla stanu istniejącego, Katowice: PPU "INKOM" S.C. Katowice.
PP-U "INKOM" s.c. Katowice, 2013. Budowa dróg rowerowych – wykonanie koncepcji projektowej rozbudowy sieci dróg
rowerowych na terenie miasta Gliwice. Cz. A2. Analiza stanu istniejącego i uwarunkowań, Katowice: PP-U "INKOM" s.c.
Katowice.
PP-U "INKOM" s.c. Katowice, 2013. Budowa dróg rowerowych – wykonanie koncepcji projektowej rozbudowy sieci dróg
rowerowych na terenie miasta Gliwice. Cz. B. Koncepcja projektowa rozbudowy sieci dróg rowerowych na terenie m.
Gliwice: Etap 1. koncepcja układowa, Katowice: PP-U "INKOM" s.c. Katowice.
PP-U "INKOM" s.c. Katowice, 2013. Budowa dróg rowerowych – wykonanie koncepcji projektowej rozbudowy sieci dróg
rowerowych na terenie miasta Gliwice. Inwestycje drogowe zrealizowane/ realizowane i planowane na terenie miasta w
kontekście zamierzeń dotyczących korytarzy ruchu rowerowego, Katowice: PP-U "INKOM" s.c. Katowice.
UM Gliwice, 2013. Raport o stanie miasta Gliwice - dane na koniec 2012 roku, Gliwice: UM Gliwice.
Photo Credits:
Piotr Lutogniewski
Dorota Lutogniewska
Kamila Wachowiak
Gliwicka Rada Rowerowa