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By- Sachin Kumar Tiwari
Tech id- TECH52801
INTRODUCTION
 The unfair treatment of a

person based on his or her
gender especially against
women.
 Discrimination on the
basis of sex especially the
oppression of women by
men.
 It is a common problem in
India and its outcomes are
disastrous for country.
Cause Of The Gender Discrimination
 Men dominating mentality

 Various social and religious belief
 Lack of strong protest by women
 Family Rituals

 Physical factor(Treating women as weaker gender)
 Work place discrimination
Discrimination At Different Stages
ABORTION
 India lost 8 million foetuses

due to abortion in past
decade.
 20000 women die every year
due to abortion related
complications.
 In Figures
1990
year
In figures 1980
No. Of
abortion
reported

388405

581215

2000

2010

725149

620472
Female infanticide
 Per 1000 female live birth

61 female become the
victim of infant mortality.
 India losses 3 million girls
in infanticide in one
decade.
 Infant girls , who were 1
year and younger were 50%
more likely to die than
boys of same of age.
 Dowry system is main
reason for female
infanticide and sex
selective abortion.
Discrimination in Education
 Although at the primary and

secondary level of education
the enrolment of girl has
been improved but they are
still much behind as
compared to boys at higher
and competitive level.
 Only 2392 girls out of 21110
qualifying candidates
qualified iit entrance exam.
 As per 2009 out of 4572 IAS
officer all over India only 604
are women(13.72%).
Year

Literacy

Male

Female

2001

74.04 %

82.14 %

65.46 %

2011

65.38 %

75.85 %

54.16 %
Discrimination at Work
 Female work participation

rate in India is only 25.7% as
compared to 51.0% of male.
 Women comprise just 10% of
India’s parliament .
 Out of 35 full cabinet rank
minister only 2 are women.
 For same occupation and
level of qualification Indian
women earn an average of
64% of what their male
counterparts earn.
At the time of marriage(Dowry)
 The dowry system is a

main reason for female
infanticide and sex
selective abortion. It is also
a main reason for decrease
in sex ratio in India.
 Every year 2500 incidence
of bride burning takes
place in India.
 Dowry kills a women every
hour in India.
Year

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Dowry deaths
reported in India

8093

8172

8383

8391

8619

8233
Domestic Violence
 A crime against a women is

committed in every 3 min.
 A women is raped in every
29 minutes.
 A dowry death occurs at
every 77 minutes.
 One case of cruelty
committed by either
husband or relative of the
victim occurs at every 9
minutes.
Effects Of Gender Discrimination
“Every effect is itself a Cause”









Abortion
Female foeticides and infanticides
Decrease in sex ratio
Dowry
Domestic violence
Sexual violence and Rape
Economic inequality
Inequality and harassment at workplace, schools and in the
justice system etc.
Women Empowerment
Women empowerment refers to increase the
social, political & economic strength of the women in
different ways. e.g.
 Having decision making power

of their own.
 Political participation.
 Awareness and exercise of their rights.
 Self decision regarding education,
participation, mobility & economic
independency.
“ The government of India declared 2001 as the year of
women’s
empowerment(Swashakti).”
Educational Empowerment
 Girl’s enrolment at the primary and secondary level has been

improved after independence.
Year

1950-51

2004-05

% enrolment
in primary

28.1

46.7

% enrolment
in secondary

61.1

44.4

 Government has started some schemes to

foster the growth of female education.e.g.
 Mahila Samakhya Programme
 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Scheme
 National educational programme for girls at primary level
Socio-Economic Empowerment
 There is a scheme known as

Indira Awas Yojna through
which govt. gives money to
women to make their home.
 In many govt. give money to
girl at the time of their
marriage.
 Govt. give loan to women to
start their own business at
very low interest.
 In spite of all these schemes
the social & economic status
of women is not improved at
desired extent.
Political Empowerment
 There is 33.5% reservation for






women in local government
bodies.
This law has placed a million of
women in elected positions to the
panchayat in the country.
Govt. also encouraging the
women to vote in the various
elections.
Indira Gandhi former Indian
prime minister is the world’s
largest serving women prime
minister.
In spite of all these steps taken by
govt. Still there are very few
women in national level politics.
Judicial Empowerment
 Indian government has made

many laws and act to protect
women.
 The payment of a dowry has
been prohibited under the
“1961 dowry prohibition act”
in Indian civil law.
 Women are protected from
domestic violence under the
law “protection of women
from domestic violence act
2005”.
 For protecting women from
sexual violence govt. Passed
“criminal law act 2013”.
Self Help Group Empowerment
 Apart from government bodies many non governmental bodies are also











working for empowerment of women in various aspects. Some of these
areMahila Seva Samiti
Nari Seva Sangha
Women Coordinating Council
Satya Bharati
Shakti-Shalini
Nari Raksha Samiti
Maitri
Shakti-Vahini
Navjyoti
These bodies are working to help women for different problems and
also protest for women’s right.
My Own Ideas







In spite of all the government and self help group efforts still
there are many problems faced by women. So here are some of
my ideas for stopping gender discrimination and to empower
women:The very first thing to stop gender discrimination is equality.
If people will treat every girl same as boys there would be no
gender discrimination.
The main weapon which can be us used to stop gender
discrimination & empower women is EDUCATION.
We have many laws for protecting women from dowry
death, domestic violence and other problems but instead of all
these many cases has been reported every year. So govt. should
strictly implement these laws and make sure the safety of
women from all this cruel acts.
We should give a chance to women to take decisions at various
level e.g. At home, at work and in politics also.
 People should take initiative by their own, till the people will not









take an initiative the efforts of govt. would not help much.
We can relate protecting women to religion as “kandyadan is
mahadan” so that people will take it seriously.
We should try to make women friendly environment at work and
also try to get more participation from them in work.
As It is estimated that growth in India would increase by 1.09% if
its female labor-participation rate were put on par with the US .
We have to change our men dominating mentality and should give
chances to women to get involved in various social and political
issues and also give their own view on that.
By this way we can stop gender discrimination and encourage
women to achieve equality in all aspects of their life.
 People should take initiative by their own, till the people will not









take an initiative the efforts of govt. would not help much.
We can relate protecting women to religion as “kandyadan is
mahadan” so that people will take it seriously.
We should try to make women friendly environment at work and
also try to get more participation from them in work.
As It is estimated that growth in India would increase by 1.09% if
its female labor-participation rate were put on par with the US .
We have to change our men dominating mentality and should give
chances to women to get involved in various social and political
issues and also give their own view on that.
By this way we can stop gender discrimination and encourage
women to achieve equality in all aspects of their life.
THANK YOU !

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Gender Discrimination & Women Empowerment

  • 1. By- Sachin Kumar Tiwari Tech id- TECH52801
  • 2. INTRODUCTION  The unfair treatment of a person based on his or her gender especially against women.  Discrimination on the basis of sex especially the oppression of women by men.  It is a common problem in India and its outcomes are disastrous for country.
  • 3. Cause Of The Gender Discrimination  Men dominating mentality  Various social and religious belief  Lack of strong protest by women  Family Rituals  Physical factor(Treating women as weaker gender)  Work place discrimination
  • 4. Discrimination At Different Stages ABORTION  India lost 8 million foetuses due to abortion in past decade.  20000 women die every year due to abortion related complications.  In Figures 1990 year In figures 1980 No. Of abortion reported 388405 581215 2000 2010 725149 620472
  • 5. Female infanticide  Per 1000 female live birth 61 female become the victim of infant mortality.  India losses 3 million girls in infanticide in one decade.  Infant girls , who were 1 year and younger were 50% more likely to die than boys of same of age.  Dowry system is main reason for female infanticide and sex selective abortion.
  • 6. Discrimination in Education  Although at the primary and secondary level of education the enrolment of girl has been improved but they are still much behind as compared to boys at higher and competitive level.  Only 2392 girls out of 21110 qualifying candidates qualified iit entrance exam.  As per 2009 out of 4572 IAS officer all over India only 604 are women(13.72%). Year Literacy Male Female 2001 74.04 % 82.14 % 65.46 % 2011 65.38 % 75.85 % 54.16 %
  • 7. Discrimination at Work  Female work participation rate in India is only 25.7% as compared to 51.0% of male.  Women comprise just 10% of India’s parliament .  Out of 35 full cabinet rank minister only 2 are women.  For same occupation and level of qualification Indian women earn an average of 64% of what their male counterparts earn.
  • 8. At the time of marriage(Dowry)  The dowry system is a main reason for female infanticide and sex selective abortion. It is also a main reason for decrease in sex ratio in India.  Every year 2500 incidence of bride burning takes place in India.  Dowry kills a women every hour in India. Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Dowry deaths reported in India 8093 8172 8383 8391 8619 8233
  • 9. Domestic Violence  A crime against a women is committed in every 3 min.  A women is raped in every 29 minutes.  A dowry death occurs at every 77 minutes.  One case of cruelty committed by either husband or relative of the victim occurs at every 9 minutes.
  • 10. Effects Of Gender Discrimination “Every effect is itself a Cause”         Abortion Female foeticides and infanticides Decrease in sex ratio Dowry Domestic violence Sexual violence and Rape Economic inequality Inequality and harassment at workplace, schools and in the justice system etc.
  • 11. Women Empowerment Women empowerment refers to increase the social, political & economic strength of the women in different ways. e.g.  Having decision making power of their own.  Political participation.  Awareness and exercise of their rights.  Self decision regarding education, participation, mobility & economic independency. “ The government of India declared 2001 as the year of women’s empowerment(Swashakti).”
  • 12. Educational Empowerment  Girl’s enrolment at the primary and secondary level has been improved after independence. Year 1950-51 2004-05 % enrolment in primary 28.1 46.7 % enrolment in secondary 61.1 44.4  Government has started some schemes to foster the growth of female education.e.g.  Mahila Samakhya Programme  Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Scheme  National educational programme for girls at primary level
  • 13. Socio-Economic Empowerment  There is a scheme known as Indira Awas Yojna through which govt. gives money to women to make their home.  In many govt. give money to girl at the time of their marriage.  Govt. give loan to women to start their own business at very low interest.  In spite of all these schemes the social & economic status of women is not improved at desired extent.
  • 14. Political Empowerment  There is 33.5% reservation for     women in local government bodies. This law has placed a million of women in elected positions to the panchayat in the country. Govt. also encouraging the women to vote in the various elections. Indira Gandhi former Indian prime minister is the world’s largest serving women prime minister. In spite of all these steps taken by govt. Still there are very few women in national level politics.
  • 15. Judicial Empowerment  Indian government has made many laws and act to protect women.  The payment of a dowry has been prohibited under the “1961 dowry prohibition act” in Indian civil law.  Women are protected from domestic violence under the law “protection of women from domestic violence act 2005”.  For protecting women from sexual violence govt. Passed “criminal law act 2013”.
  • 16. Self Help Group Empowerment  Apart from government bodies many non governmental bodies are also           working for empowerment of women in various aspects. Some of these areMahila Seva Samiti Nari Seva Sangha Women Coordinating Council Satya Bharati Shakti-Shalini Nari Raksha Samiti Maitri Shakti-Vahini Navjyoti These bodies are working to help women for different problems and also protest for women’s right.
  • 17. My Own Ideas      In spite of all the government and self help group efforts still there are many problems faced by women. So here are some of my ideas for stopping gender discrimination and to empower women:The very first thing to stop gender discrimination is equality. If people will treat every girl same as boys there would be no gender discrimination. The main weapon which can be us used to stop gender discrimination & empower women is EDUCATION. We have many laws for protecting women from dowry death, domestic violence and other problems but instead of all these many cases has been reported every year. So govt. should strictly implement these laws and make sure the safety of women from all this cruel acts. We should give a chance to women to take decisions at various level e.g. At home, at work and in politics also.
  • 18.  People should take initiative by their own, till the people will not      take an initiative the efforts of govt. would not help much. We can relate protecting women to religion as “kandyadan is mahadan” so that people will take it seriously. We should try to make women friendly environment at work and also try to get more participation from them in work. As It is estimated that growth in India would increase by 1.09% if its female labor-participation rate were put on par with the US . We have to change our men dominating mentality and should give chances to women to get involved in various social and political issues and also give their own view on that. By this way we can stop gender discrimination and encourage women to achieve equality in all aspects of their life.
  • 19.  People should take initiative by their own, till the people will not      take an initiative the efforts of govt. would not help much. We can relate protecting women to religion as “kandyadan is mahadan” so that people will take it seriously. We should try to make women friendly environment at work and also try to get more participation from them in work. As It is estimated that growth in India would increase by 1.09% if its female labor-participation rate were put on par with the US . We have to change our men dominating mentality and should give chances to women to get involved in various social and political issues and also give their own view on that. By this way we can stop gender discrimination and encourage women to achieve equality in all aspects of their life.