interactive powerpoint on layers of the skin and their functions including timed activities

1. Layersof
theskin
andtheir
functions
@Angela Blemmings
PAGE 1

2. Objectives
PAGE 2
Identify the Layers of the Skin: Students will be able to name and describe
the three main layers of the skin: the epidermis, the dermis, and the
subcutaneous layer.
Describe the Structure of Each Layer: Students will be able to describe the
structure of each skin layer, including the types of cells, tissues, and
structures found within them.
Understand the Functions of the Skin: Students will be able to outline the
primary functions of the skin such as synthesis of vitamin D, sensation,
temperature regulation, absorption, protection, excretion, secretion

3. The Skin
PAGE 3

4. Epidermis
 The epidermis is made up of squamous
cells called keratinocytes
 The epidermis is avascular.
 Mnemonic:
Come, Lets, Get, Sun, Burnt
PAGE 4

5. Layers of
the
Epidermis
(5xStratums)
PAGE 5
Stratum corneum
Horny layer
COME
20 rows of cells
Made up of scale like cells which are continually
shed
Stratum Lucidum
Clear Layer
LETS
3 rows of cells
Transparent. Waterproof layer.
Thickest on soles and palms
Stratum Granulosum
Granular layer
GET
1 – 3 rows of cells.
Keratinisation becomes complete as the cells are filled
with keratin.
Cells are now dead, flat and hard and granule-like.
Stratum Spinosum
Prickle cell layer
SUN
Three to ten rows of cells
Living layer that contain nuclei
Spiky and prickly as it begins a process called
keratinisation.
Stratum Basale
Germinating Layer
BURNT
This layer meets the dermis. continually divide
(mitosis)
Produces Melanin protects skin from the sun's
ultraviolet rays
Responsible for the colour of the skin

6. Activity
Let’s test your knowledge!!
 Identify the layers of the epidermis,
 Work together
Answer: A, B, C, D or E
 10 second per question seconds to find
the answer
PAGE 6

7. Stratum
Spinosum
PAGE 7
A
B
C
D
E
10 Seconds

8. PAGE 8

9. PAGE 9

10. Stratum
Lucidum
PAGE 10
A
B
C
D
E
10 Seconds

11. PAGE 11

12. PAGE 12

13. Stratum
Corneum
PAGE 13
A
B
C
D
E
10 Seconds

14. PAGE 14

15. PAGE 15

16. Stratum
Basale
PAGE 16
A
B
C
D
E
10 Seconds

17. PAGE 17

18. PAGE 18

19. Stratum
Granulosum
PAGE 19
A
B
C
D
E
10 Seconds

20. PAGE 20

21. PAGE 21

22. Dermis
PAGE 22
Lies beneath the epidermis lies the dermis:
• Connects the dermis with the epidermis
• Provides nutrients to the epidermis, contains
temperature, pain and touch receptors through its rich
nerve supply.
Papillary Layer
• Forms the bulk of the dermis
• Comprised of blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles,
sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.
• It contains protein fibres, collagen, elastin
Reticular Layer
Together, the papillary and reticular layers of the
dermis work in harmony to support the health,
function, and integrity of the skin. The papillary
layer provides a connection between the dermis
and epidermis, supplies nutrients, and houses
sensory receptors, while the reticular layer forms
the structural framework of the dermis, supports
skin elasticity, and contains essential skin
appendages and blood vessels.

23. Subcutaneous layer
PAGE 23
This is situated under the
dermis.
Has 2 types of connective
tissue. Areolar and
adipose.
Areolar tissue forms cells
that provide strength,
elasticity and support.
Adipose tissue is fat cells
that provide insulation
and an energy source.
Note: Contains fat, larger blood vessels, and nerves.

24. 5 Minute Activity
Research and make a list of reasons of how
the health of the subcutaneous layer is
relevant to the ageing process on the face
PAGE 24
5 Minutes

25. Tomaintainthehealthand
appearanceofthe
subcutaneouslayer
PAGE 25
Stay Hydrated
Follow a Balanced Diet
Protect Your Skin from the Sun
Moisturise Regularly.
Avoid Smoking
Facial Massage
Get Adequate Sleep

26. Functions of
the Skin
Acronym: V-
SHAPES
PAGE 26
Vitamin D synthesis
Sensation
Heating and cooling
Absorption
Protection
Excretion
Secretion

27. Appendages of the skin
PAGE 27

28. PAGE 28
Appendages

29. Appendages
PAGE 29
Sweat glands:
Eccrine glands – water and salts (hot/cold)
Apocrine glands – sweat, under arms, pubic area. (bacteria/ odour)
Hair follicle
A tube-like structure (pore) that surrounds the root and strand of a hair
Hair shaft
Visible part of the hair on the skin surface
Blood Supply
Capillaries (oxygen, nutrients, waste products, vasodilation, vasoconstriction)
Dermal Papilla
Blood supply to hair follicle
Arrector Pili muscle
Attached to hair follicle, contracts (goosebumps)
Sebaceous Glands
Lubricates skin (acid mantle) antimicrobial
Nerve endings
Sensory: Heat, cold, touch, pain pressure