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1. History of art architecture 3
3ch
1 hour

2. TOPIC NO 1 INTRODUCTION OF RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE
Renaissance architecture is a prominent architectural style that emerged in Europe during the Renaissance
period, spanning roughly from the 15th to the 17th century. revival of classical ideals and cultural
achievements from ancient Greece and Rome.
Phases
Historian soften divide the renaissance into three phases.
Quattrocento
High renaissance
mannerism
NOTABLE EXAMPLES OF RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE
The Duomo in Florence
The Basilica of San Pietro in Rome:

3. Characteristics of OF RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE
Plan
The plan of renaissance buildings have a square, symmetrical appearance in which proportions are based on
module within a church.
Coloumns and piers
The coloumns of rennassaince were roman orders that are Tuscan,doric,ionic,Corinthian and composite.they can
be structurasl or purely decorative.
Arches
Arches are semicircular structures that bears and distributes loads outward spanning at openness.in olimpic
thetre the arches are used.
Vaults
Vaults are curved structure made of arches usually made from stone, brick and concrete. Valuts are used to make
celings anfd other structures
Sketch arch , vaults , and any one coloumn .

4. GEOLOGICAL CONDITION IN RENAISSANCE
ROME
During the Renaissance, Rome's geological conditions were characterized by its proximity to volcanic activity,
providing a source of lightweight volcanic tuff used in construction. The city's hilltop setting influenced
urban development, with important buildings often situated on elevated locations.
FLORENCE
During the Renaissance, Florence's geological conditions were crucial in shaping its architectural
development:
Marble Quarries:
Florence's geological conditions included access to nearby marble quarries, particularly in Carrara, which
supplied high-quality marble for iconic structures.
Arno River:
There was a river called the Arno flowing through the city. It was good for moving things around on boats,
but sometimes it flooded.
Tuscan Landscape: Florence is in a pretty area with hills and valleys. They could find materials like stone and
wood nearby to build with

5. VENICE
during the Renaissance in Venice:
Marshy Ground: Venice was built on soft, marshy ground because it's a bunch of islands in a lagoon.
Wooden Piles: To make buildings stable, they had to put long pieces of wood deep into the ground
called piles.
Fancy Buildings: Because of the special ground, Venice has beautiful buildings with tall, thin
and lots of decorations.

6. GEOLOGICAL CONDITION IN RENAISSANCE
Florence:
Situated in the Tuscan region, Florence benefited from access to high-quality marble quarries nearby, which
greatly influenced the city's architectural style. The abundance of this prized building material, along with
the city's proximity to the Carrara marble quarries, facilitated the construction of iconic structures.
Rome:
The geological conditions of Rome, with its location on a series of hills and proximity to volcanic activity,
influenced both urban planning and architectural design. Ancient Roman builders utilized locally sourced
volcanic tuff for construction.
Venice:
Venice's unique geological condition as a city built on a series of islands in a lagoon profoundly influenced
its architecture. The scarcity of building land and the instability of the marshy foundations necessitated
innovative construction techniques, including the use of wooden pilings driven into the soft ground

7. RENAISSANCE PAINTING
Lenardo de vinci
Mona Lisa:
the Mona Lisa is a portrait of a woman with a mysterious smile. it is renowned for its enigmatic
expression and subtle use of light and shadow. The painting is housed in the Louvre Museum in
Paris and is considered one of the most iconic work.
The Last Supper:
The Last Supper depicts the scene of Jesus Christ's final meal with his companion before his
martyrdom.The painting captures the moment when Jesus announces that one of his companion
will betray him .The Last Supper is famous for its portrayal of human emotion.
Vitruvian Man:
A renowned drawing by Leonardo da Vinci, depicting a male figure inscribed within both a circle
and a square. It symbolizes the ideal proportions of the human body, representing the concept of
harmony between the human form and the universe.
Aerial Screw: Also known as Leonardo's helicopter, it's a design by Leonardo da Vinci for a flying
machine. The aerial screw features a spiral rotor mechanism intended to generate lift resembling a
modern-day helicopter.

8. MICHELANGELO
The Last Judgment:
A monumental fresco painting by Michelangelo, located l in Vatican City. It depicts the Second
Coming of Christ and the final judgment of souls, with the saved ascending to heaven and the
damned descending to hell.
The Moses:
A marble sculpture by Michelangelo. The sculpture depicts the biblical figure of Moses
holding the tablets of the Ten Commandments.
The Pieta:
Another marble sculpture by Michelangelo, located in St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. It
depicts the Virgin Mary cradling the body of Jesus after the Crucifixion.
The Creation of Adam:
A painting by Michelangelo. It depicts the biblical creation narrative from the Book of
Genesis, portraying the moment when God breathes life into Adam, the first man.
The Villa Rotonda:
A Renaissance villa designed by the architect Andrea Palladio. it is renowned for its
symmetrical design and central dome, which is inspired by the Pantheon in Rome