In this presentation it has been tried to give a glimpse of different type of consent, how it should be taken, how the patient to be explained, when consent is must and conditions where consent is not required, so as to guide you in your every day practice.
In this presentation it has been tried to give a glimpse of different type of consent, how it should be taken, how the patient to be explained, when consent is must and conditions where consent is not required, so as to guide you in your every day practice.
Medical records means and includes the record pertaining to the admission, diagnosis, treatment, investigation, daily progress, operations, consultations
CHAPTER 9 CONSENTConsent is an ethical imperative of great impo.docxchristinemaritza
CHAPTER 9 CONSENT
Consent is an ethical imperative of great importance to managers and clinicians. It is clear that patients want to be more involved in medical decision making. The issues that consent raises suggest both a problem and a goal for health services providers.
The concept of consent in medical care evolved to protect patients from nonconsensual touching. Although the ethical and legal dimensions overlap, the legal requirements of consent are the minimum expected. The ethics of consent are grounded in the principle of respect for persons, specifically the element of autonomy, which reflects a view of the equality and dignity of human beings. In addition, the ethics of consent reflect the special relationship of trust and confidence between physician and patient and between organization and patient. This fiduciary relationship is supported by the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. The manager's virtues of trustworthiness, honesty, integrity, and candor also support the ethics of consent.
According to the law, failure to obtain consent can support a legal action for battery, an intentional tort. Beyond this, an action for negligence can be brought if the physician breaches the duty to communicate information necessary for the patient to give informed consent.
Paternalism stems from beneficence and is the ethical value that competes with patient autonomy in implementing consent. Paternalism arises naturally from the relationship between physician and patient because psychologically, technically, and emotionally, the physician is in a position of superior knowledge and is expected to help choose the best course of action for the patient. This reflects the ethics of care discussed in Chapter 1. The paternalism inherent in the physician–patient relationship was first described in the Hippocratic oath. Beneficence, nonmaleficence, and paternalism continue to be important and are implicit elements of the practice of medicine. The revisions of the Principles of Medical Ethics adopted by the American Medical Association (AMA) in 1980 moved organized medicine from paternalism toward autonomy and patient rights, themes that continued in the 2001 revision. The AMA's Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs amplified these themes in its Fundamental Elements of the Patient–Physician Relationship statement. This document and the 2001 Principles of Medical Ethics are reproduced in Appendix B.
Specialized codes that guide biomedical research (e.g., the Declaration of Helsinki) also recognize the importance of consent. The emphasis on patients' rights or sovereignty in documents such as these are ideals toward which managers and organizations should strive.
LEGAL ASPECTS
Legally, consent must be voluntary, competent, and informed. The law presumes that persons unable to give consent in an emergency want to receive treatment. The presumption of wanting treatment can be rebutted if a competent patient declines it or if the person requiring ...
Running head IMPORTANCE OF INFORMED CONSENT .docxcowinhelen
Running head: IMPORTANCE OF INFORMED CONSENT 1
IMPORTANCE OF INFORMED CONSENT 11
The Importance of Informed Consent
Student's Name
Student's ID
University Affiliation
In the course of offering treatement, a patient might be in dire need of serious medical attention. In such a scenario, the patient needs to sign some documents, which say that before undergoing the treatement, the patient was aware of all the possible injuries or effects that could occur from this treatement. The process of getting the patient to sign these form of documents, is what is referred to as the process of acquiring an informed consent (Ruth, 1986).
By definition, informed consent refers to the process of granting permission to go through with a form of treatement, in which the patient says that he or she is aware of all the risks that come with the treatement procedure that is going to be administered. Following the granting of permission to go ahead with the medical procedure, the doctors do their best to do their work perfectly. However, in the instance that something were to go wrong, and the procedure doesn’t produce only the positive effects, the doctor is by law exempted from taking any of the blame, and the hospital is also protected by the law (Jessica, 2001).
In this case, the informed consent is important because, it acts as proof that the patient was aware of the risks, before undergoing the procedure and therefore, if something went wrong, the doctors and the hospitals are not to blame. The risk was simply part of the equation from the very beginning and therefore that it occurred is no one’s fault.
Arguably, there have been concerns among popular groups of people, concerning the method in which the doctor gets the patient to sign the various documents, constitution the informed consent documents. To some patients, especially those who were undergoing a complicated procedure, claim that they were not fully made aware of all the different problems that could arise out of the procedure.
In this case, the doctors find themselves under a spotlight since, probes will be raised over their ability to clearly inform the patients of the procedure they are undergoing, the possible risks involved with the current procedure, the alternative treatement modes, and the risks and benefits of those other methods too.
There have been concerns also, over the time that the patient is given, prior to the signing of the documents. Some researchers have reported that, the patients need to be given time to read through and understand the documents given, and then, allow him or her to deliberate on the issue, before coming to a decision. In some practices, the documents are only signed a few minutes before surgery is administered, clearly giving the patient no say in the matter as they have no other option but to sign the document.
Follo ...
“Juris”- Law “Prudentia”- Knowledge . Therefore, Knowledge of Law
-In relation to practice of Medicine
-In relation with legal consequences
Medical Jurisprudence is also known as legal medicine.
Medical jurisprudence or legal medicine is the branch of science and medicine involving the study and application of scientific and medical knowledge to legal problems, such as inquests and in the field of law.
medical
judisprudence
legal medicine
dentistry
mbbs doctors
ethics
rules in medicine
medical practise
consents
autopsy
doctor patient state relation
medical negligence
biomedical
medical devices
malpractice
medico legal cases
dental course
dr. swostik devkota
bright line dental care
What is Informed Consent?
Informed consent is the process by which a patient voluntarily confirms his/her willing participation in an operation after having been informed about all the aspects of the operation that is its benefits, its prognosis, and complications
Informed consent must be in written form and documented with the patients signature and date of consent
Series of lectures I gave for the PEER (Professionalism and Ethics Education for Residents) Project sponsored and organized by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCHS).
OUTLINE:
What is an informed consent to treatment?
What is the elf basis to consent?
What makes the consent an ethically valid one?
Types of Consent
When it is needed? When could it be waived?
How to take an informed consent?
What if the patient is not able to give consent?
Documentation of Consent
Special Issues about Consent
Medical records means and includes the record pertaining to the admission, diagnosis, treatment, investigation, daily progress, operations, consultations
CHAPTER 9 CONSENTConsent is an ethical imperative of great impo.docxchristinemaritza
CHAPTER 9 CONSENT
Consent is an ethical imperative of great importance to managers and clinicians. It is clear that patients want to be more involved in medical decision making. The issues that consent raises suggest both a problem and a goal for health services providers.
The concept of consent in medical care evolved to protect patients from nonconsensual touching. Although the ethical and legal dimensions overlap, the legal requirements of consent are the minimum expected. The ethics of consent are grounded in the principle of respect for persons, specifically the element of autonomy, which reflects a view of the equality and dignity of human beings. In addition, the ethics of consent reflect the special relationship of trust and confidence between physician and patient and between organization and patient. This fiduciary relationship is supported by the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. The manager's virtues of trustworthiness, honesty, integrity, and candor also support the ethics of consent.
According to the law, failure to obtain consent can support a legal action for battery, an intentional tort. Beyond this, an action for negligence can be brought if the physician breaches the duty to communicate information necessary for the patient to give informed consent.
Paternalism stems from beneficence and is the ethical value that competes with patient autonomy in implementing consent. Paternalism arises naturally from the relationship between physician and patient because psychologically, technically, and emotionally, the physician is in a position of superior knowledge and is expected to help choose the best course of action for the patient. This reflects the ethics of care discussed in Chapter 1. The paternalism inherent in the physician–patient relationship was first described in the Hippocratic oath. Beneficence, nonmaleficence, and paternalism continue to be important and are implicit elements of the practice of medicine. The revisions of the Principles of Medical Ethics adopted by the American Medical Association (AMA) in 1980 moved organized medicine from paternalism toward autonomy and patient rights, themes that continued in the 2001 revision. The AMA's Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs amplified these themes in its Fundamental Elements of the Patient–Physician Relationship statement. This document and the 2001 Principles of Medical Ethics are reproduced in Appendix B.
Specialized codes that guide biomedical research (e.g., the Declaration of Helsinki) also recognize the importance of consent. The emphasis on patients' rights or sovereignty in documents such as these are ideals toward which managers and organizations should strive.
LEGAL ASPECTS
Legally, consent must be voluntary, competent, and informed. The law presumes that persons unable to give consent in an emergency want to receive treatment. The presumption of wanting treatment can be rebutted if a competent patient declines it or if the person requiring ...
Running head IMPORTANCE OF INFORMED CONSENT .docxcowinhelen
Running head: IMPORTANCE OF INFORMED CONSENT 1
IMPORTANCE OF INFORMED CONSENT 11
The Importance of Informed Consent
Student's Name
Student's ID
University Affiliation
In the course of offering treatement, a patient might be in dire need of serious medical attention. In such a scenario, the patient needs to sign some documents, which say that before undergoing the treatement, the patient was aware of all the possible injuries or effects that could occur from this treatement. The process of getting the patient to sign these form of documents, is what is referred to as the process of acquiring an informed consent (Ruth, 1986).
By definition, informed consent refers to the process of granting permission to go through with a form of treatement, in which the patient says that he or she is aware of all the risks that come with the treatement procedure that is going to be administered. Following the granting of permission to go ahead with the medical procedure, the doctors do their best to do their work perfectly. However, in the instance that something were to go wrong, and the procedure doesn’t produce only the positive effects, the doctor is by law exempted from taking any of the blame, and the hospital is also protected by the law (Jessica, 2001).
In this case, the informed consent is important because, it acts as proof that the patient was aware of the risks, before undergoing the procedure and therefore, if something went wrong, the doctors and the hospitals are not to blame. The risk was simply part of the equation from the very beginning and therefore that it occurred is no one’s fault.
Arguably, there have been concerns among popular groups of people, concerning the method in which the doctor gets the patient to sign the various documents, constitution the informed consent documents. To some patients, especially those who were undergoing a complicated procedure, claim that they were not fully made aware of all the different problems that could arise out of the procedure.
In this case, the doctors find themselves under a spotlight since, probes will be raised over their ability to clearly inform the patients of the procedure they are undergoing, the possible risks involved with the current procedure, the alternative treatement modes, and the risks and benefits of those other methods too.
There have been concerns also, over the time that the patient is given, prior to the signing of the documents. Some researchers have reported that, the patients need to be given time to read through and understand the documents given, and then, allow him or her to deliberate on the issue, before coming to a decision. In some practices, the documents are only signed a few minutes before surgery is administered, clearly giving the patient no say in the matter as they have no other option but to sign the document.
Follo ...
“Juris”- Law “Prudentia”- Knowledge . Therefore, Knowledge of Law
-In relation to practice of Medicine
-In relation with legal consequences
Medical Jurisprudence is also known as legal medicine.
Medical jurisprudence or legal medicine is the branch of science and medicine involving the study and application of scientific and medical knowledge to legal problems, such as inquests and in the field of law.
medical
judisprudence
legal medicine
dentistry
mbbs doctors
ethics
rules in medicine
medical practise
consents
autopsy
doctor patient state relation
medical negligence
biomedical
medical devices
malpractice
medico legal cases
dental course
dr. swostik devkota
bright line dental care
What is Informed Consent?
Informed consent is the process by which a patient voluntarily confirms his/her willing participation in an operation after having been informed about all the aspects of the operation that is its benefits, its prognosis, and complications
Informed consent must be in written form and documented with the patients signature and date of consent
Series of lectures I gave for the PEER (Professionalism and Ethics Education for Residents) Project sponsored and organized by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCHS).
OUTLINE:
What is an informed consent to treatment?
What is the elf basis to consent?
What makes the consent an ethically valid one?
Types of Consent
When it is needed? When could it be waived?
How to take an informed consent?
What if the patient is not able to give consent?
Documentation of Consent
Special Issues about Consent
Semelhante a a power point presentation on Informed Consent in Surgery .pptx (20)
TEST BANK For Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing, 13th American Ed...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK For Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing, 13th American Edition by Donnelly-Moreno, Verified Chapters 1 - 72, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK For Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing, 13th American Edition by Donnelly-Moreno, Verified Chapters 1 - 72, Complete Newest Version.pdf
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Why invest into infodemic management in health emergenciesTina Purnat
A lecture discussing the challenge of health misinformation and information ecosystem in public health, how this impacts demand promotion in health, and how this then relates to responding to misinformation and infodemics in health emergencies. Appended with lots of tools, guidance and resources for people who want to do more reading.
US E-cigarette Summit: Taming the nicotine industrial complexClive Bates
I look back to 1997 and simpler time in tobacco control, then look at changes in trade, communications, technology and conclude the market is becoming ungovernable
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
TEST BANK For Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 11th Edition by Marilyn...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK For Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 11th Edition by Marilyn Hockenberry, Cheryl Rodgers, Verified Chapters 1 - 31, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK For Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 11th Edition by Marilyn Hockenberry, Cheryl Rodgers, Verified Chapters 1 - 31, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Evaluation of antidepressant activity of clitoris ternatea in animals
a power point presentation on Informed Consent in Surgery .pptx
1. CONSENT TAKING
IN SURGERY
By: Dr. GLORY ENOCHE ALAPA
House Officer
Department of Surgery UATH
Supervisor:
Dr. OKPAKO Isaac Oghenero.
Senior Registrar Plastic Surgery Division
Department of Surgery
University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalda
Date 22/04/2024
2. Outline
Introduction
Historical perspective
Types of Consent
Components informed consent in surgery
Benefits of an informed consent
Who takes informed consent?
Who can give informed consent?
Stages of informed consent
The informed consent form
Informed consent in special cases
Factors that make a faulty consent
The UATH Experience
Conclusion
References
3. INTRODUCTION
Informed consent is the process in which a health care
provider educates a patient about the risks, benefits, and
alternatives of a given procedure or intervention and as well
as seek permission to carry out the said
procedure/intervention
The patient must be competent to make a voluntary decision
about whether to undergo the procedure or intervention.
Informed consent is both an ethical and legal obligation of
medical practitioners and originates from the patient's right to
direct what happens to their body.
4. Historical perspective
The concept of informed consent has a relative short history beginning
with a series of 4 judicial decision in the early 20th century
The first was in 1905 with the case of Mohr vs Williams
Pratt vs Davis
Rolater vs Strain
Schloendorff vs Society of New York Hospital
However it was not until 1957 when it was publicly recorded in the court
document for the case of Salgo vs Leland Standford Jr University Board of
Trustees that the name and principles of informed consent came to be and
became legally binding
5. Historical perspective – Nigeria
The professional conduct of medical doctors is guided by the Code of
Medical Ethics in Nigeria, in which Rule 19 of part A deals with
informed consent.
Most laws in Nigeria emanates from the British legal system like wise
informed consent and this is not surprising as Nigeria was a colony of
the British empire
There are not enough legal cases to set the rules for informed
consent in Nigeria a clear departure from the above was a landmark
judgment in 2001 between Medical and Dental Disciplinary Tribunal
vs. Okonkwo,
6. Historical perspective – Nigeria
In Medical and Dental Disciplinary Tribunal vs. Okonkwo, the appellant, Dr Okonkwo, was found
guilty of professional misconduct.
He had honoured the verbal and written wishes of a Jehovah’s Witness patient who refused blood
transfusion and consequently died during treatment.
The Nigerian appellate court upheld Dr Okonkwo’s appeal and the Supreme Court concurred.
The apex court ruled that an adult Nigerian has a right to refuse life prolonging medical treatment,
including blood transfusion. The court located that right in the constitutional right to privacy and
freedom of thought, conscience and religion.
The court, in defining the limits of treatment in that judgment, stated:
The patient’s consent is paramount... [Accordingly] the patient’s relationship [with the Doctor] is based on
consensus. It follows that the choice of an adult patient with a sound mind to refuse informed consent to
medical treatment, barring state intervention through judicial process leaves the practitioner helpless to
impose a treatment on the patient.
7. TYPES OF CONSENT
- IMPLIED CONSENT : Is a consent given by a person’s Action or inaction ( like
a gesture) or can be inferred from certain circumstances by a reasonable
person
- EXPRESS CONSENT : Is a consent given by a person involved directly with
explicit words or in writing
- INFORMED CONSENT : Is a consent where the person involved is aware of all
the information concerning what they are agreeing To/with and with eventual
signing to a document
8. Component of an informed consent
Diagnosis/ Clinical impression
Treatment/Intervention
Risk/complication
Alternative treatment
Prognosis
9. Benefit of an informed consent
Gives greater inclusivity to patient on their treatment
Improves treatment outcomes and compliance to post
intervention instructions
Reduces post intervention complications
Reduces the chances of litigation
Increases the institution standard in compliance with regulatory
body requirements
10. Who takes informed consent
Ideally the lead surgeon takes the consent
however a team approach is advocated where
contribution is sort from the entire clinical staff, legal
counsel, administrative and/or clinical leadership
11. Who can give informed consent
A competent person; this is defined as a person above the age of 18 years who have
cognitive and emotional maturity
Gillick consent
Health care power of attorney (e.g. Jehovah witness having a health care power of
attorney in their pocket requiring that they should not be transfused blood even
when found unconscious)
Legal guardian
Statutory surrogate
In order of priority
Spouse except legally separated
Adult child of the patient
Parent of a patient
If the patient is unmarried the patient domestic partner
Patient brother or sister
A closed friend of the patient who is familiar with the condition
For unconscious adult who does not have any of the above, Moral and legal
responsibility to act in patient best interest is considered
12. STAGES OF INFORMED CONSENT
1. Assessment of preconditions
-Patient competence and voluntariness
2. Provision of information
-Patient education
-Recommendation of a care plan
-Understanding of this information by the patient
3. Stage of consent
-Patient consenting to the surgical procedure
-Recording of this authorization
13. The informed consent Form
• The consent form must have
• A title
• Information of the consenter (Age, Sex,
Occupation, signature)
• Diagnosis of the condition
• Treatment being offered
• Express agreement that patient understands the
diagnosis, options of care, procedure/treatment,
complications prognosis
• Information of the doctor giving the consent
• Information of the doctor performing the surgery
• Information of the members of the team
• Information of Witness (Age, Sex, Occupation,
Relationship to patient, address, signature)
14. Informed consent in special cases
Informed consent in children
Informed consent in pregnant women
Informed consent from a patient with different language
Informed consent from an illiterate
Informed consent from an unconscious patient
15. Consent in special cases - Informed consent
in children
Informed consent in children
The children are generally not deemed competent hence consent
should be taken from parents or other surrogate decision maker
preferably with the assent of the child
If there is disagreement with care in regards to inappropriate decision
of the care give (e.g. blood transfusion) a court order may be sort for
16. Consent in special cases - Informed consent
in pregnant women
Informed consent in pregnant women
It is best to obtain consent from both partners however if the
treatment/research is to meet the health need of the mother the
consent of the husband is not needed.
17. Consent in special cases - Informed consent
from a patient with different language
Informed consent from a patient with different language
It is advisable to use a translator to translate to the patient own
language
The consent form may not be substituted for a version that has been
translated
18. Consent in special cases - Informed consent
from an illiterate
Informed consent from an illiterate
The consent must be properly explained to the individual and the
individual may thumb print or use a written mark as his signature on
the consent form
19. Consent in special cases - Informed consent
from an unconscious patient
Informed consent from an unconscious patient
Consent may be taken from
Health care power of attorney
Legal guardian
Statutory surrogate
The surgeon who has the Moral and legal responsibility to act in patient
best interest especially when the above are not available
20. Factors that can make a faulty consent
Mental retardation
Mental illness
Alcohol intoxication
Altered mental state
Severe brain injury
Minor
21. The UATH experience
Consent taking is a perquisite to any procedure and it is strictly
adhered to as there have not been any litigation case in view of either
not taking a consent or poorly taken consent
22. Conclusion
- The concept of informed consent is continuously evolving, and it is necessary
for the surgeon to be conversant with the application of informed consent.
- Informed consent Protects the patient’s human right and upholds a Surgeon
integrity in practicing Medicine .
- Consent obtained by fraud, under the influence of drugs or anesthetics, from
an insane person, or without giving sufficient information about the surgical
ailment, the treatment proposed, and the attendant risks to enable the patient
to understand the position fully and make an intelligent decision, is not an
acceptable informed consent.
- Informed consent should be a simple document, adaptable to most situations
23. REFERENCES
Ezeome ER, Marshall PA. Informed consent practices in Nigeria. Dev World Bioeth. 2009 Dec;9(3):138-48.
doi: 10.1111/j.1471-8847.2008.00234.x. Epub 2008 Apr 29. PMID: 18452553.
Bazzano LA, Durant J, Brantley PR. A Modern History of Informed Consent and the Role of Key
Information. Ochsner J. 2021 Spring;21(1):81-85. doi: 10.31486/toj.19.0105. PMID: 33828429; PMCID:
PMC7993430.
- Anderson, O. and Wearne, I. (2007) Informed consent for elective surgery
-Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria: Codes of Medical ethics in Nigeria.
- examination of the consent form of the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria MR3
- Federal Republic of Nigeria. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Apapa: Federal
printing Press; 1999.
- The Doctrine of informed consent- African online journals –YZ Lawal 2007
Informed consent | PPT (slideshare.net)