Internet for Development
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Lesson given to PhD students of QUA_SI.
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Internet for Development
- 4. 1. What is development – and how to measure it
- 7. GDP per capita, 2010 Blue: above world GDP per capita (USD 10,700, purchasing power parity) Orange: below world GDP per capita Source: IMF International Monetary Fund, from Wikipedia
- 8. Country classification by yearly GNI per capita (World Bank, 2008) 48.000 35.500 (In 2010, tresholds increased by 3%) ≤ 975 ≤ 3.855 ≤ 11.905 > 11.906 GNI per capita (US$)
- 9. Country classification by yearly GNI per capita (World Bank): 2010 US$ 1,005 US$ 3,975 US$ 12,275 Low income countries Lower middle income countries Upper middle income countries High income countries USA Italy US$ 50,000
- 11. Almost half the world live on less than $2.50 a day http://www.globalissues.org
- 13. HDI divide in 2011 See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Development_Index
- 14. Other indicators Life expectancy Poverty rates Unenployment rates Disposable income Education levels … Natural resources Pollution & waste Human health … Satisfaction with life Health conditions Standard of living Family life Jobs …. www.beyond-gdp.eu
- 15. 2. ICT penetration and digital divide
- 17. (can be downloaded from the net at no cost) A fundamental source, highly recommended: www.itu.org
- 19. The global growth, 2000-2010 Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011 12% 2011 est: 86.7%
- 20. Mobile cellular penetration growth Source: ITU
- 21. Mobile cellular subscription divide, 2000-2010 Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011 6 yrs lag
- 22. Mobile cellular penetration by 2011* http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States Much higher that the USA penetration in 2004 (43%)
- 23. Rural population covered by a mobile signal, 2002-2008 ITU, "Monitoring the WSIS targets. A mid term review", 2010
- 26. Internet Users divide, 2000-2010 Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011 This is higher than global fixed (16%) and mobile (12%) telephone penetration in 2000 Lag about 11 years
- 28. Internet penetration, by region, 2011* http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/
- 29. Global bandwidth growth 7x in 5 years
- 32. Download time vs bandwidth
- 33. Bandwidth requirements for different applications Source: www.scotland.gov.uk / GEN/Targeting innovation
- 35. Broadband divide Fixed broadband subscribers Mobile broadband subscribers Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011
- 37. IPB index Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011
- 38. Price divide by IPB values (2010) Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011
- 39. Price divide by IPB values (2010) Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011
- 42. The 3 stages model of IDI 1 2 3 Access sub-index Use sub-index Skills sub-index 11 indicators IDI
- 43. IDI components Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2010 Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2009
- 44. Digital divide by IDI values (2010) Source: ITU, Measuring the Information Society, 2011
- 47. 3. Evolution of the Internet as a global resource
- 48. Evolution of ICT paradigms Mainframe computing Client-server computing Cloud computing 1965 1985 2005+
- 50. Time person of the year Christmas 2006 Christmas 2010 Christmas 2011
- 51. Evoluzione di Internet 2010+ Mobile access
- 52. Internet for development E-government E-entertainment E-inclusion Broadband Internet access E-health E-education E-commerce E-communication
- 55. ICT4D: two basic approaches - ICT for productivity - From the experience and models of developed countries - Emphasis on [large] organizations - ICT for human development - From the needs of local communities and individuals - New models of services, collaboration and interaction based on local needs and experiences "TOP DOWN" "BOTTOM UP"
- 56. The application long-tail Source: www.kiwania.net
- 58. 4. Internet for development: a quantic gap
- 59. Three big revolutions… These tools can change completely the approach of ICT4D, and its results… Never, in the story of technology, we had at our disposal a set of powerful tools like those resulting from the evolution of the internet in the last few years…
- 66. After t - Hw/sw client - Client maintenance - Recurrent fees (applications and connectivity) Entry barrier (CAPEX) Sustainability (OPEX) Entry barrier
- 67. 2. Software as a service Developing country Developed country A new role for NGO?
- 70. 5. Case studies
- 73. Case study: Laptop + mobile for communication via SMS: FrontlineSMS VIDEO: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=hEK0dTWgqzQ# ! www.kiwanja.net
- 77. Case study: Children hospital La Mascota, Managua (Nicaragua)
- 80. The network Policlinico Milan La Mascota Managua VPN
- 84. www.cure4kids.org: growth Start: Oct 2002 Oggi: 23.000 utenti in 176 Paesi
- 93. In three words… 1. Connect, connect, connect 2. Learn and experience the new paradigms 3. Understand local needs