A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow. Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then must be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city.
3. INTRODUCTION
From 19th century use of electricity was started.
Electricity is usefull in domestic & industrial purpose.
Proper precautions should be taken for the safety and
protection of electricity otherwise it may even lead to
death.
4. Elements of electrical engineering
Circuit protection devices
• Fuses
• MCB
• ELCB
• RELAY
5. FuseS
Fuse Is simplest device,which brakes the circuit
under abnormal condition
It is used for overload/short circuit protection
in medium voltage (up to 33kV) and low voltage
(up to 400V) installations.
6. CONSTRUCTION OF FUSE
• The main components of a standard fuse unit
consist of the following items:
I. Metal fuse element
II. Set of contacts
III. Support body
IV. Connection
8. ADVANTAGES OF FUSES
Speed of operation is very high
Maintenance cost is practically zero
They are capable of clearing high as well as low faults
current
they provide reliable operation
10. MCB
Miniature circuit breaker and moulded case circuit have a
feature of a good h.r.c. fuse and a good switch.
These can be used for switching purpose under normal
operating condition and circuit breaker under
overloading.
11. MCB
All other metal parts are made up of nonferrous ,non-rusting
type materials.
These are used in low voltage domestic, commercials and
industrial application.
13. Earth leakage circuit breaker (elcb)
the metal housing of the induction of the induction
motor is always connected to earth.
if the user standing on earth touches the “live” point,
the protection against such current is essential and it is
provide by device called (elcb)
operation under the fault condition
14. Earth leakage circuit breaker (elcb)
when the fault occurs , the leakage current start flowing
through conductor as
Explained earlier.
So there will be non zero flux set
up in current transformer core.
15. specification
miniature circuit breaker are available following…
Current ratting : 5,10,15,20,30,40 amp
Voltage rating :a.c. voltage rating – 240v/415
d.c. voltage ratting – 50v/110
Rupturing capacity : 3ka at 50v
16. Relays
Relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism
mechanically , but other operating principles are also used.
Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by low
power signal or where several circuits must be controlled by 1
signal.
17. Relays
A type of relay that can handle the high power required to
directly control an electric motor or other loads is called a
contactor.
Solid state relays control power circuits with no moving parts
instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching .
18.
19. CONCLUSION
I have collected some information from my study material and some from
internet.
I have studied about all aspect of “FUSES, MCB, ELCB And RELAY”
And prepared this document as per my best knowledge.
GUIDED BY; Prof. Mustakim Haveliwala