Pig, Hive, Flink, Kafka, Zeppelin... if you now wonder if someone just tried to offend you or are those just Pokemon names, then this talk is just for you! Big Data is everywhere and new tools for it are released almost at the speed of new JavaScript frameworks. During this entry level presentation we will walk though the challenges which Big Data presents, reflect how big is big and introduce currently most fancy and popular (mostly open source) tools. We'll try to spark off interest in Big Data by showing application areas and by throwing ideas where you can later dive into.

1. Small intro to Big Data
Michał Matłoka @mmatloka

2. Outline
1. What is Big Data?
2. Storing
3. Batch & Streams processing
4. Resource Managers
5. Machine Learning
6. Analysis & Visualization
7. Other

3. What is Big Data?
● Volume
● Velocity
● Variety

4. How big is Big?

5. ThoughtWorks: Big Data envy

6. Storing

7. CAP theorem
(Brewer’s theorem)
In distributed system you can only
have two of three guarantees:
● Consistency
● Availability
● Partition Tolerance

8. Relational scaling
(horizontal)
Example limitations:
● Max 48 nodes
● Read-only nodes
● Cross-shard joins…
● Auto-increments
● Distributed transactions,
possible, but…
It can work!

9. You don’t always need ACID

10. BASE might be enough

11. NoSQL
(Not only SQL)
● Key-value (Redis, Dynamo, ...)
● Column (Cassandra, HBase, ...)
● Document (MongoDB, … )
● Graph (Neo4J, …
● Multi-model (OrientDB, …)
Apple - 115k Cassandra nodes with
over 10PB of data!

12. Source: http://blog.nahurst.com/visual-guide-to-nosql-systems

13. Batch Processing
● Processes data from 1 or more
sources from bigger period of
time (e.g. day, month)
● Source: db, Apache Parquet, ...
● Not real-time
● Can take hours or more

14. Apache Hadoop
● Based on Google paper
● First release in 2006!
● Map -> (shuffle) -> Reduce
● Was the beginning of many
projectsMapReduce

15. public static class TokenizerMapper
extends Mapper<Object, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
private Text word = new Text();
public void map(Object key, Text value, Context context
) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
StringTokenizer itr = new StringTokenizer(value.toString());
while (itr.hasMoreTokens()) {
word.set(itr.nextToken());
context.write(word, one);
}
}
}
Hadoop Wordcount - part I
Source:
https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/stable/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-
core/MapReduceTutorial.html

16. public static class IntSumReducer
extends Reducer<Text,IntWritable,Text,IntWritable> {
private IntWritable result = new IntWritable();
public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,
Context context
) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int sum = 0;
for (IntWritable val : values) {
sum += val.get();
}
result.set(sum);
context.write(key, result);
}
}
Hadoop Wordcount - part II
Source:
https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/stable/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-
core/MapReduceTutorial.html

17. public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf, "word count");
job.setJarByClass(WordCount.class);
job.setMapperClass(TokenizerMapper.class);
job.setCombinerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
job.setReducerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1);
}
Hadoop Wordcount - part III
Source:
https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/stable/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-
core/MapReduceTutorial.html

18. Apache Spark
RDD (Resilient Distributed
Dataset)
DAG (Directed acyclic graph)
● RDD - map, filter, count etc
● Spark SQL
● MLib
● GraphX
● Spark Streaming
● API: Scala, Java, Python, R*

19. val textFile = sc.textFile("hdfs://...")
val counts = textFile
.flatMap(line => line.split(" "))
.map(word => (word, 1))
.reduceByKey(_ + _)
counts.saveAsTextFile("hdfs://...")
Spark Wordcount
Source: http://spark.apache.org/examples.html

20. Apache Flink
DAGs with iterations
● Batch & native streaming
● FlinkML
● Table API & SQL (Beta)
● Gelly - graph analytics
● FlinkCEP - detect patterns in
data streams
● Compatible with Apache
Hadoop and Apache Storm APIs
● API: Scala, Java, Python*

21. Stream
processing
● Near real-time/real time
● Processing (usually) does not
end
● Source: files, Apache Kafka,
Socket, Akka Actors, Twitter,
RabbitMQ etc
● Event time vs processing time
● Windows - fixed, sliding, session
● Watermarks
● State

22. Stream
processing
● Native/micro-batch
● Latency
● Throughput
● Delivery guarantees
● Resources managers
● API - compositional/declarative
● Maturity
Differences

23. Stream processing
● Apache Storm
● Apache Storm Trident
● Alibaba JStorm
● Twitter Heron
● Apache Spark Streaming
● Apache Flink
● Apache Beam
● Apache Kafka Streams
● Apache Samza
● Apache Gearpump
● Apache Apex
● Apache Ignite Streaming
● Apache S4
● ...

24. Resource
management
● Apache YARN
● Apache Mesos (1.0.1!)
● Apache Slider - deploy existing
apps on YARN
● Apache Myriad - YARN on
Mesos
● DC/OS

25. Source:
https://docs.mesosphere.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/dashb
oard-ee-600x395@2x.gif

26. Analysis
SQL Engines & Querying
● Apache Hive
● Apache Pig
● Apache HAWQ
● Apache Impala
● Apache Phoenix
● Apache Spark SQL
● Apache Drill
● Facebook Presto
● ...

27. Machine Learning
● Apache Mahout
● Apache Samoa
● Spark MLib
● FlinkML
● H2O
● TensorFlow

28. Notebooks
● IPython
● Jupyter
● Spark Notebook
● Apache Zeppelin

29. Source: https://zeppelin.apache.org/assets/themes/zeppelin/img/notebook.png

30. Hadoop-related
● Apache Sqoop
● Apache Flume
● Apache Oozie
● Hue
● Apache HDFS
● Apache Ambari
● Apache Knox
● Apache ZooKeeper

31. Awesome Big Data
https://github.com/onurakpolat
/awesome-bigdata

32. Conclusions
● There is a lot of it!
● https://pixelastic.github.io/pokem
onorbigdata/
● If you want to learn, start with
SMACK stack (Spark, Mesos,
Akka, Cassandra, Kafka)

33. Articles & references
● https://databaseline.wordpress.com/2016/03/12/an-overview-of-apache-streaming-t
echnologies/
● http://www.cakesolutions.net/teamblogs/comparison-of-apache-stream-processing-
frameworks-part-1
● https://dcos.io/
● https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/a-tale-of-two-clusters-mesos-and-yarn
● http://spark.apache.org/
● https://flink.apache.org/
● http://www.51zero.com/blog/2015/12/13/why-apache-flink-is-the-4th-generation-of-
big-data-analytics-frameworks
● http://www.slideshare.net/AndyPiper1/reactconf-2014-event-stream-processing
● https://www.infoq.com/articles/cap-twelve-years-later-how-the-rules-have-changed
● https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/the-world-beyond-batch-streaming-101
● https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/the-world-beyond-batch-streaming-102

34. Thank you, Q&A?
@mmatloka
http://www.slideshare.net/softwaremill
https://softwaremill.com/blog/