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data science @ The New York Times 
and how a 163-year old content company became 
data-driven 
chris.wiggins@columbia.edu 
chris.wiggins@nytimes.com 
@chrishwiggins
1. the path
biology: 1892 vs. 1995 
biology changed for good.
data science: web scale
example: 
163 yr old
example: 
millions of views per hour
data science: the web
data science: the web 
is your “online presence”
data science: the web 
is a microscope
data science: the web 
is an experimental tool
data science: the web 
is an optimization tool
1. the path
data science: 
- people, 
- process, 
- technology
2. data science: process
“data”:
“data”: 
“metrics” 
“business analytics” 
“Excel” 
“reporting”
Reporting
business as usual Reporting
Learning 
Reporting 
business as usual
(esp. supervised) Learning 
Reporting 
business as usual
supervised learning, e.g., 
“the funnel”
Learning 
Test 
Reporting 
(esp. supervised) 
business as usual
Learning 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; Test 
RCT 
Reporting 
business as usual
Learning 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; Test 
RCT 
Some of the most recognizable personalization in our service 
is the collection of “genre” rows. …Members connect with 
these rows so well that we measure an increase in member 
retention by placing the most tailored rows higher on the 
page instead of lower. 
Reporting 
business as usual
Learning 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; Test 
RCT 
Reporting 
business as usual
Learning 
Test 
Optimizing 
Reporting 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; 
RCT 
business as usual
Learning 
Test 
Optimizing 
Reporting 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; 
RCT 
(i.e. reinforcement 
learning) 
business as usual
Explore 
Learning 
Test 
Optimizing 
Reporting 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; 
RCT 
(i.e. reinforcement 
learning) 
business as usual
Explore 
Learning 
Test 
Optimizing 
Reporting 
aka “segmenting” 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; 
RCT 
(i.e. reinforcement 
learning) 
business as usual
Explore 
Learning 
Test 
Optimizing 
Reporting 
aka “segmenting” 
(esp. supervised) 
aka “A/B testing”; 
RCT 
(i.e. reinforcement 
learning) 
business as usual
aka “segmenting” Explore 
“segments”
aka “segmenting” Explore 
“soccer mom” 
“segments”
Learning 
Optimizing 
Reporting 
tech company
Reporting 
“model” company
Reporting 
fake company
Explore 
Learning 
Test 
Optimizing 
Reporting 
startups:
“a startup is a temporary organization in search of a 
repeatable and scalable business model” —Steve Blank
every publisher is now a startup
data science: 
- people, 
- process, 
- technology
your questions? 
chris.wiggins@columbia.edu 
chris.wiggins@nytimes.com 
@chrishwiggins

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data science at the NYT: how a 163-yr old company became data-driven