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Nov. 13th, 2010
Lesson Recap
Lesson 6
Basic Motion Verbs
BRANCH
くうこう
えき
ししゃ
こうえん
ともだちの うち
Destinations
(pronounce as kuukoo )
(pronounce as kooen )
PRESENT FORM PAST FORM
aff. neg. aff. neg.
go いきます いきません いきました いきませんでした
come きます きません きました きませんでした
return
go home
かえります かえりません かえりました かえりませんでした
Verb Conjugations
person は place verbに 。
ex. スミスさん は ぎんこう に いきます。
Mr. Smith will go to the bank.
Time expressions
LAST THIS NEXT
DAY きのう きょう あした
WEEK せんしゅう こんしゅう らいしゅう
MONTH せんげつ こんげつ らいげつ
YEAR きょねん ことし らいねん
person は place verbに 。
ex. スミスさんは せんしゅう ホンコンに いきました。
Mr. Smith went to Hong Kong last week.
Time expressions
Telling Companions
person は place verbに 。
ex. わたしは あした ともだちと きょうとに いきます。
I will go to Kyoto with a friend tomorrow.
Time expressions companion と
If there is(are) a companion(s), a particle と comes right after
the companion(s), and companion(s) + と comes before the
destination of a sentence usually.
However, if you want to emphasize that you make an action
alone, you use ひとり+で (by oneself = alone) instead of
companion(s) + と .
ex. わたしは あした ひとりで きょうとに いきます。
I will go to Kyoto tomorrow by myself.
Question Sentences
Asking a simple yes or no question, you just add か at the end
of a sentence.
ex. スミスさんは せんしゅう ともだちと ホンコンに いきましたか。
Did Mr. Smith go to Hong Kong with friends last week?
Q :
はい、いきました。
Yes, he did.
A :
or
いいえ、いきませんでした。
No, he didn t.
person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。
However, you may need to ask more details such as when ,
where , and with whom .
when→いつ
person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。
スミスさんは いつ ともだちと ホンコンに いきましたか。
When did Mr. Smith go to Hong Kong with friends?
Q :
?
せんしゅう いきました。
He went (to Hong Kong with friends) last week.
A :
person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。
?
スミスさんは せんしゅう ともだちと どこに いきましたか。Q :
Where did Mr. Smith go with friends last week?
ホンコンに いきました。
He went to Hong Kong with friends last week).
A :
to where→どこに
person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。
?
スミスさんは せんしゅう だれと ホンコンに いきましたか。Q :
With whom Mr. Smith went to Hong Kong last week?
ともだちと いきました。
He went (to Hong Kong) with friends (last week).
A :
with whom→だれと
When you move to a place where the listener is, you say "I'm coming." in English.
However in the same situation, わたしは いきます is used in Japanese.
きます is a movement toward the place where the speaker is.
いきます is a movement in a direction away from the speaker.
Expression Note
English
Japanese
.
わたしは
いきます。
listener listener
*Please pay attention to this expression note when you try Exercise 9 on
the textbook.

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L6 grammar 1

  • 1. Nov. 13th, 2010 Lesson Recap Lesson 6 Basic Motion Verbs
  • 3. PRESENT FORM PAST FORM aff. neg. aff. neg. go いきます いきません いきました いきませんでした come きます きません きました きませんでした return go home かえります かえりません かえりました かえりませんでした Verb Conjugations person は place verbに 。 ex. スミスさん は ぎんこう に いきます。 Mr. Smith will go to the bank.
  • 4. Time expressions LAST THIS NEXT DAY きのう きょう あした WEEK せんしゅう こんしゅう らいしゅう MONTH せんげつ こんげつ らいげつ YEAR きょねん ことし らいねん person は place verbに 。 ex. スミスさんは せんしゅう ホンコンに いきました。 Mr. Smith went to Hong Kong last week. Time expressions
  • 5. Telling Companions person は place verbに 。 ex. わたしは あした ともだちと きょうとに いきます。 I will go to Kyoto with a friend tomorrow. Time expressions companion と If there is(are) a companion(s), a particle と comes right after the companion(s), and companion(s) + と comes before the destination of a sentence usually. However, if you want to emphasize that you make an action alone, you use ひとり+で (by oneself = alone) instead of companion(s) + と . ex. わたしは あした ひとりで きょうとに いきます。 I will go to Kyoto tomorrow by myself.
  • 6. Question Sentences Asking a simple yes or no question, you just add か at the end of a sentence. ex. スミスさんは せんしゅう ともだちと ホンコンに いきましたか。 Did Mr. Smith go to Hong Kong with friends last week? Q : はい、いきました。 Yes, he did. A : or いいえ、いきませんでした。 No, he didn t. person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。
  • 7. However, you may need to ask more details such as when , where , and with whom . when→いつ person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。 スミスさんは いつ ともだちと ホンコンに いきましたか。 When did Mr. Smith go to Hong Kong with friends? Q : ? せんしゅう いきました。 He went (to Hong Kong with friends) last week. A :
  • 8. person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。 ? スミスさんは せんしゅう ともだちと どこに いきましたか。Q : Where did Mr. Smith go with friends last week? ホンコンに いきました。 He went to Hong Kong with friends last week). A : to where→どこに
  • 9. person は place verbにTime expressions companion と か。 ? スミスさんは せんしゅう だれと ホンコンに いきましたか。Q : With whom Mr. Smith went to Hong Kong last week? ともだちと いきました。 He went (to Hong Kong) with friends (last week). A : with whom→だれと
  • 10. When you move to a place where the listener is, you say "I'm coming." in English. However in the same situation, わたしは いきます is used in Japanese. きます is a movement toward the place where the speaker is. いきます is a movement in a direction away from the speaker. Expression Note English Japanese . わたしは いきます。 listener listener *Please pay attention to this expression note when you try Exercise 9 on the textbook.