Types of transportation

1. Types of TransportationTypes of Transportation

2. What is transportWhat is transport
Transport refers to the activity thatTransport refers to the activity that
facilitates physical movement offacilitates physical movement of
goods as well as individuals fromgoods as well as individuals from
one place to another.one place to another.

3. Types of TransportationTypes of Transportation
 Land TransportationLand Transportation
– Road transportationRoad transportation
– Rail TransportationRail Transportation
– Pipeline transportationPipeline transportation
– Ropeway transportationRopeway transportation
 Air TransportationAir Transportation
 Water TransportationWater Transportation

4. Land TransportationLand Transportation
Land transport refers to activities ofLand transport refers to activities of
physical movement of goods andphysical movement of goods and
passengers on land.passengers on land.

5. Road TransportRoad Transport
Roads are the meansRoads are the means
that connect onethat connect one
place to another onplace to another on
the surface of thethe surface of the
land.land.
Three types: -Three types: -
 i. Man driven;i. Man driven;
 ii. Animal driven; andii. Animal driven; and
 iii. Motor driven.iii. Motor driven.

6. Advantages of Road transportAdvantages of Road transport
 It is a relatively cheaper mode of transport asIt is a relatively cheaper mode of transport as
compared to other modes.compared to other modes.
 Perishable goods can be transported at a fasterPerishable goods can be transported at a faster
speed by road carriers over a short distance.speed by road carriers over a short distance.
 It is a flexible mode of transport as loading andIt is a flexible mode of transport as loading and
unloading is possible at any destination. Itunloading is possible at any destination. It
provides door-to-door service.provides door-to-door service.
 It helps people to travel and carry goods fromIt helps people to travel and carry goods from
one place to another, in places which are notone place to another, in places which are not
connected by other means of transport like hillyconnected by other means of transport like hilly
areas.areas.

7. Limitations of Road transportLimitations of Road transport
 Due to limited carrying capacity roadDue to limited carrying capacity road
transport is not economical for longtransport is not economical for long
distance transportation of goods.distance transportation of goods.
 Transportation of heavy goods or goods inTransportation of heavy goods or goods in
bulk by road involves high cost. It isbulk by road involves high cost. It is
affected by adverse weather conditions.affected by adverse weather conditions.
Floods, rain, landslide, etc., sometimesFloods, rain, landslide, etc., sometimes
create obstructions to road transport.create obstructions to road transport.

8. Water transportWater transport
Water transport refers to movement of goodsWater transport refers to movement of goods
and passengers on waterways by usingand passengers on waterways by using
various means like boats, steamers, ships,various means like boats, steamers, ships,
etcetc

9. two types of watertwo types of water
transport.transport.
I. Inland water transportI. Inland water transport
II. Ocean transportII. Ocean transport

10. I. Inland water transport:I. Inland water transport: Inland water transport use boats,Inland water transport use boats,
launches, barges, streamers, etc., to carry goods and passengers onlaunches, barges, streamers, etc., to carry goods and passengers on
river and canal routes. These routes are called inland waterways andriver and canal routes. These routes are called inland waterways and
are used in domestic or home trade to carry bulky goods.are used in domestic or home trade to carry bulky goods.

11. II. Ocean transport:II. Ocean transport: Ocean transport refers to movement of goods and passengers with the helpOcean transport refers to movement of goods and passengers with the help
of ships through sea or ocean waterways. It plays an important role in the development ofof ships through sea or ocean waterways. It plays an important role in the development of
international trade. It is also used for transporting goods and passengers in the coastal areas. Oceaninternational trade. It is also used for transporting goods and passengers in the coastal areas. Ocean
transport has its fixed route, which links almost all the countries of the world.transport has its fixed route, which links almost all the countries of the world.
Sea transport may be of the following two typesSea transport may be of the following two types
..
i.i. Coastal ShippingCoastal Shipping - In tourism transport, ships ply between the main ports of a country. Tourism- In tourism transport, ships ply between the main ports of a country. Tourism
helps in home trade, and also in carrying passengers within the country.helps in home trade, and also in carrying passengers within the country.
ii.ii. Overseas shippingOverseas shipping - In tourism transport, ships ply between different countries separated by- In tourism transport, ships ply between different countries separated by
sea or ocean. It is mainly used for promotion and development of international trade. It is economicalsea or ocean. It is mainly used for promotion and development of international trade. It is economical
means of transport to carry heavy machines and goods in bulk. Overseas transport is carried out onmeans of transport to carry heavy machines and goods in bulk. Overseas transport is carried out on
fixed routes, which connect almost all the countries. In ocean transport, different types of ships arefixed routes, which connect almost all the countries. In ocean transport, different types of ships are
used to carry passengers and goods. These may be classified as under.used to carry passengers and goods. These may be classified as under.
a. Liners:a. Liners: A liner is a passenger or cargo vessel, which belongs to a regular shipping company.A liner is a passenger or cargo vessel, which belongs to a regular shipping company.
These ships ply over a fixed route according to a prescribed schedule or timetable.These ships ply over a fixed route according to a prescribed schedule or timetable.
b. Tramps:b. Tramps: A tramp is a cargo ship, which does not make regular trips but plies whenever cargo isA tramp is a cargo ship, which does not make regular trips but plies whenever cargo is
offered to it. It does not follow a fixed route or a prescribed timetable like that of liners.offered to it. It does not follow a fixed route or a prescribed timetable like that of liners.
c. Cruises:c. Cruises: AA cruise shipcruise ship oror cruise linercruise liner is ais a passenger shippassenger ship used for pleasure voyages, whereused for pleasure voyages, where
the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience, as well as the differentthe voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience, as well as the different
destinations along the way. Transportation is not the prime purpose, as cruise ships operate mostlydestinations along the way. Transportation is not the prime purpose, as cruise ships operate mostly
on routes that return passengers to their originating port, so the ports of call are usually in a specifiedon routes that return passengers to their originating port, so the ports of call are usually in a specified
region of a continent. Cruise ships are organized much like floating hotels, with a complete hospitalityregion of a continent. Cruise ships are organized much like floating hotels, with a complete hospitality
staff in addition to the usual ship's crew. It is not uncommon for the most luxurious ships to have morestaff in addition to the usual ship's crew. It is not uncommon for the most luxurious ships to have more
crew and staff than passengers.crew and staff than passengers.

12. Advantages of water transport:Advantages of water transport: Water Transport has the followingWater Transport has the following
advantages:advantages:
a. It is a relatively economical mode of transport for bulky and heavy goods.a. It is a relatively economical mode of transport for bulky and heavy goods.
b. It is a safe mode of transport with respect to occurrence of accidents.b. It is a safe mode of transport with respect to occurrence of accidents.
c. The cost of maintaining and constructing routes is very low as most of them arec. The cost of maintaining and constructing routes is very low as most of them are
naturally made.naturally made.
d. It promotes international trade.d. It promotes international trade.
Limitations of water transport:Limitations of water transport: Water transport has the following limitations.Water transport has the following limitations.
i. The depth and navigability of rivers and canals vary and thus, affect operations ofi. The depth and navigability of rivers and canals vary and thus, affect operations of
different transport vessels.different transport vessels.
ii. It is a slow moving mode of transport and therefore not suitable for transport ofii. It is a slow moving mode of transport and therefore not suitable for transport of
perishable goods.perishable goods.
iii. It is adversely affected by weather conditions.iii. It is adversely affected by weather conditions.
iv. Sea transport requires large investment on ships and their maintenance.iv. Sea transport requires large investment on ships and their maintenance.

13. Air TransportationAir Transportation
It is the fastest mode of transport.It is the fastest mode of transport.
It carries goods and passengersIt carries goods and passengers
through airways by using differentthrough airways by using different
aircrafts like passenger aircraft,aircrafts like passenger aircraft,
cargo aircraft, helicopters, etc.cargo aircraft, helicopters, etc.

14. Advantages of Air transportAdvantages of Air transport
It is the fastest mode of transport.It is the fastest mode of transport.
It is very useful in transporting goods and passengers to the area,It is very useful in transporting goods and passengers to the area,
which are not accessible by any other means.which are not accessible by any other means.
It is the most convenient mode of transport during natural calamities.It is the most convenient mode of transport during natural calamities.
It provides vital support to the national security and defence.It provides vital support to the national security and defence.
Limitations of air transportLimitations of air transport
It is relatively more expensive mode of transport.It is relatively more expensive mode of transport.
.It is affected by adverse weather conditions..It is affected by adverse weather conditions.
It is not suitable for short distance travel.It is not suitable for short distance travel.
In case of accidents, it results in heavy losses of goods, property and lifeIn case of accidents, it results in heavy losses of goods, property and life