- The document discusses various orthodontic appliances, including removable appliances (e.g. tongue guard, expansion screw), fixed appliances (e.g. bands, brackets, lingual arch), and their components and functions. Removable appliances are smaller and more esthetic but require patient cooperation, while fixed appliances do not require cooperation but are more expensive. The document provides details on several specific appliances.
3. • Any Answer of the following questions should
include the classification of the appliance and
the answer of the question.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
6. Advantages of Removable
appliance
1. Small in size.
2. Simple design.
3. Light in weight.
4. Easy to clean.
5. Low cost.
6. More esthetic.
7. No need for special equipment.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
7. disadvantages of Removable
appliance
1. Not effective with uncooperative patient.
2. Treat the minor cases of malocclusion.
3. Allow the simple movements.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
8. Advantages of Fixed
appliance
1. Don’t need to Patient cooperation.
2. Use to treat the complicated cases of
malocclusion.
3. Allow greater range of movement more than
the removable appliance.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
9. Disadvantages of Fixed
appliance
1. More expansive than Removable appliance.
2. Allow accumulation of food around the
appliance.
3. Less esthetic.
4. Need for special equipment.
5. More complicated.
6. Difficult to clean.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
10. The retentive components of any
Removable appliance :
1. Adam’s Clasp.
2. Acrylic Resin framework.
3. Labial Arch.
they serve in retaining the
appliance in the patient mouth.
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12. Identify the appliance and mention its
components and function.
Name : Removable appliances with palatal spring.
Function: treatment of lateral incisor cross bite.
Classification: Active Removable Treatment
appliance.
Components:
1. Adam’s Clasp : use to retention
2. Palatal Spring : active component.
3. Acrylic Resin framework : use to retention
4. Labial Arch : use to retention
5. Posterior Bite Plane : use to separate the teeth from occlusion to
allow the movement of the lateral incisor and we use it asMahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
14. • Name: Adam’s Clasp .
• Function: serve in retaining the appliance in
the patient mouth.
• It is only located on the Molars and premolars.
Identify the appliance and its function.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
16. Identify the appliance and mention its
components and function.
• Name: Removable Retainer.
• Function: retaining the teeth in its position.
• Classification: Passive removable Retainer.
• Component: Adam’s Clasp & Labial Arch (loop).
N.B ; Adam’s Clasp: It is only located on the
Molars and premolars. While the Labial Arch on
the anterior teeth.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
18. Q1: Identify the appliance and mention its components
and function.
Q2: mention the type of malocclusion that treated by this
appliance.
• Name: Tongue Guard.
• Classification: removable treatment appliance.
• Components:
1. Adam’s Clasp.
2. Acrylic Resin framework.
3. Labial Arch.
4. Loops >>> the active component
• Function: it use to prevent the thumb sucking and tongue
thrusting in YoungYoung Patient.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
19. Type of malocclusion:
1. Anterior Open bite.
2. Posterior cross bite.
3. Posterior collapse of maxilla.
4. Flaring of the upper incisors.
5. Retroclination of lower incisors.
6. High palatal vault.
7. Narrow V-shaped Palate.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
21. • Name: Bilateral Expansion screw,
• Function: use to push the posterior teeth away
from each others to treat the collapsed Maxilla
(posterior cross bilateral).
• Component:
1. Adam’s Clasp. “ Passive or retentive component”
2. Acrylic Resin framework. “ Passive or retentive component”
3. Labial Arch. “ Passive or retentive component”
4. Expansion screw. “active component”
• Advantages
1. Small in size.
2. Simple design.
3. Light in weight.
4. Easy to clean.
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22. 5. Low cost.
6. More esthetic.
7. No need for special equipment.
Disadvantages:
1. Not effective with uncooperative patient.
2. Treat the minor cases of malocclusion.
3. Allow the simple movements.
Classification: Active Removable Treatment
Appliance
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
25. • Function: Treatment of malocclusion Related to patient with
Thumb sucking or tongue thrusting which includeinclude:
1. Anterior Open bite.
2. Posterior cross bite.
3. Posterior collapse of maxilla.
4. Flaring of the upper incisors.
5. Retroclination of lower incisors.
6. High palatal vault.
7. Narrow V-shaped Palate.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
27. Name: Mono-Block
• Classification:Classification: Lower Removable functional
Treatment Appliance.
• Function:Function: It use for treatment of Skeletal Class II
due to mandibular deficiency ( SNB ).
• Mode of Action:Mode of Action: Forward Positioning of the
mandible which will stretch the muscles and
accelerate the mandibular Growth.
• Component:Component:
1.Labial Arch.
2.Acrylic Framework
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
28. 3. Lower acrylic cap: it is the component that is
responsible for Forward Positioning of the
mandible and it should cover all the labial
surface of the lower anterior teeth to allow
proper distribution of the forces on the teeth
and this prevent the Proclination of Lower
teeth.
4. Posterior Acrylic Plate : in case of Deep biteDeep bite
this acrylic Plate should be relieved to allow
the over-eruption of the posterior teeth, which
will lead to teeth movement elimination of
the anterior Deep bite.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
30. Name:Name: Head Gear
• ClassificationClassification: Fixed-Removable Active treatment
Appliance.
• Function:Function: It use for treatment of Skeletal Class II
due to maxillary excess ( SNA ), Anchorage and
also treat the anterior bite (deep or Open).
• Types:Types:
High pull:High pull: it allows the intrusion and distalization
of upper 1st
molar so it will treat the anterior
Open bite.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
31. low pull:low pull: it allows the extrusion and distalization of
upper 1st
molar so it will treat the anterior deep bite.
Straight:Straight: used when there is no Open or deep bite to
treat.
• Mode of Action:Mode of Action: It restrict the maxillary growth
in the Young patients ( Orthopedic) or move
the teeth in Older Patient ( Orthodontic).
• Component:Component:
1. Head strap (high pull) , Cervical or Occipital strap ( low pull).
2. Inner Bow: attached to the orthodontic Band.
3. Outer Bow: attached with hook to the head strap and also
attached to the inner bow.
4. Hook.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
33. Name :Name : Chin Cup
• ClassificationClassification: Removable Active treatment
Appliance.
• Function:Function: It is used for treatment of Skeletal
Class III due to mandibular excess ( SNB).
• Mode of Action:Mode of Action: It restrict the mandibular
growth in the Young patients (Orthopedic).
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
35. Name:Name: Face Mask
• ClassificationClassification: Removable Active treatment
Appliance.
• Function:Function: It use for treatment of Skeletal Class III
due to maxillary deficiency ( SNA ).
• Mode of Action:Mode of Action: It accelerate the maxillary
growth in the Young patients (Orthopedic).
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
38. Name:Name: Elastic separators
• Classification:Classification: Fixed treatment appliance.
• Function:Function: use to create mesial and distal spaces
between the teeth to allow the proper sitting of
Orthodontic Bands.
• Mode of application:Mode of application: the Separators are stretched
and then pushed gently in the proximal spaces,
then leave it for one weekone week till the space is
created , after that is should be removed to avoid
its depression within the gingival pocket or to be
swallowed by the patient.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
39. Special Pre-cautionSpecial Pre-caution
In case of missing separators , Preiapical
Radiograph should by taken to locate the
missing Separator.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
40. UL 30 Means : Upper Left Size 30
Orthodontic tubes for different sizes of theOrthodontic tubes for different sizes of the
orthodontic wiresorthodontic wires
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41. Name:Name: Orthodontic Bands
• Classification:Classification: Fixed treatment appliance.
• N.B:N.B:
1.It should be precisely fit with the molar which
can be tested by slight resistance on removal.
2.Band usually cemented to the tooth structure by
glass ionomer due to :
fluoride releasing capacity which will provide
anti-cariogenic effect.
Can easily set in wet condition.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
42. • Disadvantages:
Low Bonding capacity.
Water soluble
3.The orthodontic band composed of hook which
is directed Disto-gingivalDisto-gingival to allow the proper
application and removal of Orthodontic wires.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
44. Name:Name: Orthodontic Tube
• Classification:Classification: Fixed treatment appliance.
• Cementation:Cementation: flowable resin composite due:
High Bonding capacity.
Water Insoluble .
• Disadvantages:
NoNo fluoride releasing capacity So provide NoNo
anti-cariogenic effect.
Can’tCan’t be easily bonded in wet condition.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
45. • The orthodontic Tube composed of hook
which is directed Disto-gingivalDisto-gingival to allow the
proper application and removal of
Orthodontic wires.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
47. Name:Name: Orthodontic Bracket
• Classification:Classification: Fixed treatment appliance.
• Cementation:Cementation: flowable resin composite due:
High Bonding capacity.
Water Insoluble .
• Disadvantages:
NoNo fluoride releasing capacity So provide NoNo
anti-cariogenic effect.
Can’tCan’t be easily bonded in wet condition.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
48. • Component:Component:
1.1. Color Code:Color Code: use to identify which bracket use with
specific type of teeth & the direction of bracket
application.
2.2. Meshwork :Meshwork : to Increase the surface area of
attachment to the tooth structure and to provide
mechanical interlocking between the composite
attached to the tooth surface and the bracket.
3. Hook: use to identify the direction of bracket
application & to allow the proper application and
removal of Orthodontic wires.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
52. Name:Name: Esthetic Orthodontic
Bracket• Classification:Classification: Fixed treatment appliance.
• According of the material of construction:According of the material of construction:
1.Plastic.
2.Ceramic..
Plastic:
• Advantages:
More esthetic than metal Brackets.
Low cost relative to ceramic brackets.
Disadvantages: Early Discoloration.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
53. Ceramic:
• Advantages:
1.More esthetic than metal and plastic Brackets.
2.High resistance to Discoloration.
• Disadvantages:
High cost.
Brittle and easy to fracture.
Causing wearing in the opposing teeth.
Difficult to remove without fracture of the
bracket itself.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
56. Name: O-Tie
• Classification:Classification: Fixed treatment appliance.
• Function:Function: it is use to provide attachment of
the orthodontic wire to the brackets.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
58. Name :Name : Trans-Palatal Arch (TPA)
• Classification:Classification: Upper Passive (active if with a loop)
Fixed treatment appliance.
• Function:Function: Anchorage.
• Component:Component:
1.Orthodontic bands “retentiveretentive “ : glass ionomer
due to :
fluoride releasing capacity which will provide
anti-cariogenic effect.
Can easily set in wet condition.
2.2.TPA “TPA “ activeactive “:“: it is the component responsible
for Anchorage.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
59. Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
Trans-palatal Arch
Orthodontic Band
Acrylic Button or Plate
62. Name:Name: Mini Screw.
• Classification:Classification: Passive Fixed treatment appliance.
• Function:Function: Anchorage.
• Site Of Action :Site Of Action : it may be used for both Upper
and lower anchorage.
• Application:Application: the surface of the attached Gingiva
is Anesthetized , then the Appliance Screwed
into the periostium.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
65. Name:Name: Lingual Arch
• Classification:Classification: Passive (active if with a loop) Fixed
treatment appliance.
• Function:Function: Anchorage.
• Component:Component:
1.Orthodontic bands : Retentive.Retentive.
2.Lingual Arch.
• Site Of Action :Site Of Action : it may be use for lower
anchorage
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
67. Name:Name: Space Maintainer
• Classification:Classification: Passive Fixed Retention
appliance.
• Function:Function: MaintainMaintain the space between the
teeth and prevent the crowding to allow the
Eruption of the permanent tooth.
• Component:Component:
1.Orthodontic Band.
2.Loop.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
69. Name:Name: Space Regainer.
• Classification:Classification: Active Fixed Treatment
appliance.
• Function:Function: RegainRegain the space between the
drifted teeth to allow the Eruption of the
permanent successor of the early lost
deciduous tooth.
• Component:Component:
1.Orthodontic Band.
2.Loop.
3.Spring. Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
72. Name: Orthodontic Wire
• Classification: according to the metal :Classification: according to the metal :
NiTi Wire :NiTi Wire :
1.1. HasHas a property called “shape Memory”
2. when it binds it tend to regainregain its Normal form
again.
3.It is usually used in the beginningbeginning of the
Treatment to Move the teeth in predetermined
direction.
So it is considered as Active Fixed Treatment
Appliance .
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
73. Stain less Steel Wire :Stain less Steel Wire :
1.1. Doesn’tDoesn’t have the property of “shape Memory”.
2.when it binds it doesn’tdoesn’t tend to regain its Normal
form again.
3.It is usually used at the endend of the Treatment to
Keep the teeth in predetermined Position .
So it is considered as Passive Fixed Retainer
Appliance
Heat Treated NiTi : it is the same as Stain lessStain less
Steel Wire.Steel Wire.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
75. Name : Lingual Brackets
• Classification:Classification: Fixed treatment appliance.
• Advantage:Advantage:
Esthetically acceptable.
• Disadvantage:Disadvantage:
Highly Expensive .
Need High experience.
Uncomfortable for the patient.
• Shape :Shape : Mushroom shaped.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
76. • N.B :N.B : the wire should be bended at the
premolars area to by Pass the Palatal cusp.
• Type of the wire:Type of the wire: St.st wire or Heat treated NiTi
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
79. Name: Spear Tongue Guard
• Classification:Classification: Passive Fixed Treatment
appliance.
• Function:Function: it use to prevent the thumb sucking
and tongue thrusting in UncooperativeUncooperative YoungYoung
Patient.
• Component:Component:
1.Metallic Spears “ Passive” :use to prevent the
thumb sucking .
2.Orthodontic Band : Retentive component
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
81. Name:Name: Herbest
• Classification:Classification: Functional Fixed Treatment
appliance.
• Function :Function : It use for treatment of Skeletal Class II
due to mandibular deficiency ( SNB ).
• Mode Of Action:Mode Of Action: This appliance is used to move
the lower jaw forward. It can be fixed or
removable. When it is fixed, it is cemented to
teeth in one or both arches using stainless steel
crowns. An expansion screw may be used
simultaneously to widen the upper jaw.
83. Name : Twin Block
• Classification:Classification: Functional Fixed Treatment
appliance.
• Function :Function : It is used for treatment of Skeletal
Class II due to mandibular deficiency ( SNB ).
• Mode Of Action:Mode Of Action: It is made up of two components :
an upper and a lower plate, which work together to
posture the lower jaw forward. This frees up the
“locked-in” lower jaw and encourages it to grow to its
fullest potential. The upper plate may also have an
expansion screw to widen the upper arch to avoid
developing a posterior crossbite when the lower jaw is
advanced. Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
84. Advantages of Twin blocks Over the
Mono block
Twin block allow the patient to talk and move
the mandible more freely than Mono block, and
that’s why it is considered more comfortable.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
86. Name:Name: Inter arch Elastic
• Classification: active Removable treatment.
• Function : to Treat Dental Class II relationship.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
88. Name:Name: Inter arch Elastic
• Classification: active Removable treatment.
• Function : to Treat Dental Class III relationship.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
90. Name: Lip Bumper
• ClassificationClassification: Fixed-Removable Active treatment
Appliance.
• Function: Space Regainer.
• Mode Of Action: wire appliance used to move the lower
molars back and the lower front teeth forward, creating
room for crowded front teeth. The lip bumper is an internal wire
bow that attaches to the buccal tubes on the cheek side of the
lower molar bands inside the mouth. The front portion of the
bow has an acrylic pad or bumper that rests against the inside of
the lower lip. The lower lip muscles apply pressure to the
bumper creating a force that moves the molars back.
93. Fixed 3 To 3 Retainer
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
Indicated for the generalized spacing and it is adapted to the
lingual surface of the teeth and bonded by resin composite .
94. Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
Fixed 1 To 1 Retainer
Indicated for Corrected midline Diastma . And it is adapted to
the lingual surface of the teeth and bonded by resin
composite .
96. Important NotesImportant Notes
• Treatment orthodontic appliances may be
considered as Orthodontic appliance (treat
malocclusion related to teeth) Or Orthopedic
(treat malocclusion related to bone)
• Skeletal Class II caused by : maxillary excess or
mandibular deficiency or a combination.
• Skeletal Class III caused by : maxillary
deficiency or mandibular excess or a
combination.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
97. • Orthodontic appliances are not to be used with
Old patient who passed the growth spurt
( commonly older than 13-14 Y) >>>> they ‘d
rather be treated by orthognathic surgeries.
• The disto-gingival structures:
i. Hook of the Tube.
ii.Hook of the bracket.
iii.Hook of the band.
iv.Color code.
• Appliances Provide Anchorage:
i. Head gear. ( Upper )
ii.TPA. ( Upper )
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
98. iii. Nance holding Arch. (upper )
iv. Mini Screw. ( Upper & lower )
v. Lingual Arch ( lower )
vi. Lip bumper. ( lower )
• There are two Appliances that can be related to
radiographs :
i. Space Regainer.
ii. Elastic Separators.
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
99. Cases
• A 13 Years Old child , suffering from
decreased SNA Angle , which one of the
appliances is suitable for him? And why?
• A 20 years old man, suffering from increased
SNB Angle , which one of the appliances is
suitable for him? And why?
• A 9 years old Female with adenoid face &
Class II division 1 malocclusion , which one of
the appliances is suitable for her ? And why?
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed
100. • A 15 Years Old child suffering from increased
SNA Angle , which one of the appliances is
suitable for him? And why?
• Radiographic Image show sever mesial tilting
of lower 1st
molar blocking the eruption of
lower 2nd
premolar , which one of the
appliances is suitable for this patient ?
• Radiographic Image show a radio-opaque
mass within the gingival pocket of patient
under orthodontic treatment , what is the
most liable appliance present in the Pocket ?
Mahmoud Saleh Mahmoud Fayed