A slideshow specially designed for non-english teachers in engineering colleges to help them improve their vocabulary and to help them learn certain vocabulary learning and teaching techniques.

1. L r &T ching
eaning ea
Vocabulary
m n R A J U
“Words are one of our chief means of adjusting to all the situations of life.” - Bergen Evans

2. C hoos e Four
mnRAJU

3. Name Game
 Think of an adjective beginning with the
first letter of your name to describe
yourself.
 Introduce yourself to others using that
adjective.
(e.g., I am Raju. I am Rational.)
 Remember the adjectives others use to
describe themselves.
 Introduce two or three colleagues to class.
mnRAJU

4. What Do You E xpect to Learn?
?
 Object
AspirAtion
Limit

Intent
Disposition
Mark
Schema
 Desire
 Aim
 Plan
mnRAJU

5. You will learn . . .
 What is a word?
 Why learn more words?
 How many words does one need?
 Which words to learn?
 What does ‘knowing a word’ mean?
 Vocabulary learning strategies
 Vocabulary Games/Activities/Tips
 Technical words
mnRAJU

6. What is a WORD?
“A unit of language, consisting of one or
more spoken sounds or their written
representation, that functions as a
principal carrier of meaning.”
 one or more morphemes/phonemes
 smallest unit for independent use
 separated by spaces in writing
mnRAJU

7. Why learn more
words ?
 to meet our needs
 to communicate effectively
 to build thoughts
 to understand ideas
 to contribute to human knowledge
“The more words you know, the more clearly and powerfully you will
think and the more ideas you will invite into your mind.”
- Wilfred Funk
mnRAJU

8. How many words to
learn?
 Lexemic frequency dictionaries
o 80% of occurrences by only 20% of words
 1,000 words for a basic conversation
 2,000 words to survive through the day
 8,000 words to converse with a European
 15,000 word families for university studies
mnRAJU

9. Which Words to
Learn?
New Known
Important Not-so-important
Productive Receptive
can recall & use can only comprehend
in speech & writing while reading & listening
mnRAJU

10. NIP Words
mnRAJU

11. Knowing a Word means .
..
mnRAJU

12. S pelling
Spell these words right?
anamolous, asbestas, boyancy, celcius,
dessicant, equalibrium, farenheat,
ossilation, sextent, saizmic, viscoscity,
mathmatics, umblical card, sacreligious
anomalous, asbestos, buoyancy,
Celsius, desiccant, equilibrium,
Fahrenheit, oscillation, sextant,
seismic, viscosity, mathematics,
umbilical cord, sacrilegious
mnRAJU

13. Is S pelling Important?
mnRAJU

14. Is S pelling Important?
Olny srmat poelpe can raed tihs!
cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I
was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid,
aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it
deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are,
the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteers
be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and
you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm.
Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey
lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig, huh?
Yaeh and I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!
mnRAJU

15. Is S pelling Important?
The amount of grammer and usege arrow’s today is
shaking. Not to menshun speling. If I was a teecher,
I’d feel badly that less and less students seam to
undestand the baysic principals of good righting.
Niether the oldest high school students nor the
youngest kindergartner know prepare usege. A
stewdent offen thinks they can depend on word
procesing programs to corect they’re errors.
Know way! We should tale are childrun to study hard
like we did at they’re edge and to watch less TV then
there glassmates.
mnRAJU

16. Tips to Learn S pelling
1. Make the effort
2. Look closely/photo memory
3. Memorize
4. Write/type the words
5. List your difficult words
6. Use mnemonics
7. Keep a notebook
mnRAJU

17. Pronunciation
Say these words right?
adhesion, clothes, language, development,
espresso, forte, parentheses, suite, vehicle,
knowledge engineer, jewelry, asterisk,
routine, adjective, genuine
/ædhiʒən/, /kloʊðz/, /læŋgwɪdʒ/,
/dɪvɛləpmənt/, /ɛsprɛsoʊ/, /fɔrteɪ/,
/pərɛnθəsɪz/, /swit/, /viɪkəl/,
/nɒlɪdʒ/, /ɛndʒənɪər/, /dʒuəlri/,
/æstərɪsk/, /rutin/, /ædʒɪktɪv/,
/dʒɛnyuɪn/ mnRAJU

18. Tips to Learn
Pronunciation
• Distinguish
• Drill
• Drill
• Drill
• Drill
mnRAJU

19. Grammar
Identify the action verbs in this passage?
My cell phone rang almost immediately
after I walked into the class and started
the lesson. I had forgotten to switch it
off. Let me silence it now. Will you also
please put your phones in silent mode?
rang, walked, started, had forgotten,
switch off, silence, will put
mnRAJU

20. Teaching words -
Techniques
 Definition  Mime
 Translation  Pictures
 Examples  Realia
 Context  Pictogram
 Meaning Relation
mnRAJU

21. Definition
mnRAJU

22. Trans lation
mnRAJU

23. E xamples /C ontext
mnRAJU

24. Meaning Relation
mnRAJU

25. Word Learning
S trategies -1
Discover Words
 Love words
 Increased exposure to English
 Intentional/incidental learning
 Guess from contextual clues
 Use the dictionary/thesaurus
 Ask someone
mnRAJU

26. C ontextual C lues
Rather than be involved in clandestine meetings, they did
everything quite openly.
The girl who used to be very vociferous doesn't talk much
anymore.
Pedagogical institutions, including high schools,
kindergartens, and colleges, require community support to
function efficiently.
He was so parsimonious that he refused to give his own
sons the few pennies they needed to buy pencils for
school. It truly hurt him to part with his money.
mnRAJU

27. Us e a Dictionary
Explore a word that comes to your mind
mnRAJU

28. Us e a Thes aurus
Two trucks loaded with thousands of copies of Roget's
Thesaurus collided as they left a New York publishing
house last Thursday, according to the Associated Press.
Witnesses were aghast, amazed, astonished,
astounded, bemused, benumbed, bewildered,
confounded, confused, dazed, dazzled, disconcerted,
disoriented, dumbstruck, electrified, flabbergasted,
horrified, immobilized, incredulous, nonplussed,
overwhelmed, paralyzed, perplexed, scared, shocked,
startled, stunned, stupified, surprised, taken aback,
traumatized, upset. . . .
mnRAJU

29. Learn to A s k?
“What’s the English word for ___?”
“How do you say____ in English?”
“What does ____ mean in Hindi?”
“Is it a kind of _____ ?”
“Is it like a _____ ?”
mnRAJU

30. Word Learning
S trategies -2
Remember Words
 Use imagery
 Use meaning relations
 Use word parts
 Mnemonics
mnRAJU

31. Pictograms & Word
Pictures
mnRAJU

32. S ynonyms &
A ntonyms
Write S for Synonyms; A for Antonyms & U for Unrelated:
1 abridge - curtail 7 archive - format
2 satiated - reverse 8 random - hungry
3 surfeit - paucity 9 ennui - boredom
4 clemency - mercy 10 fuse - mingle
5 tacit - explicit 11 random - precise
6 zenith - rain 12 finite - rigid
mnRAJU

33. Homonyms
Distinguish the following pairs of words:
Affect - Effect Industrial -Industrious
Desert - Dessert Loose - Lose
Elicit - Illicit Rise – Raise
Farther – Further Sensitive - Sensible
Hoard – Horde Tortuous - Torturous
Its – It’s Waver - Waiver
mnRAJU

34. Homophones
Find homophones for each of these words:
Allowed Grown Mail Steel
Birth Heard Nose Tale
Ceiling Idle One Veil
Dear Jewel Peace Waste
Earn Know Quarts What
Four Loan Red Yolk
mnRAJU

35. More Word Relations
Acronym Hypernym
Aptronym Hyponym
Contranym Pseudonym
Autonym Tautonym
Bacronym Metonym
capitonym Meronym
mnRAJU

36. C ollocation
Which words go with which verb?
things, sure, difference, nothing, sense, decision, mistakes, well,
homework, job, something, money, whatever, judgments,
gardening, work, mistake, copies, effort, anything
Make Do
sure money things something
a difference judgments nothing whatever
sense mistake well gardening
a decision copies homework work
mistakes effort a job anything
mnRAJU

37. Root Words
Match the root words with their meanings:
Root Meaning
anthrop year
bell short
arthro color
chrom war
vit believe
cred joint
brev life
ann human
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English
mnRAJU

38. Mnemonics
• The manners of articulation:
Stop Fooling Around Now, Learn Good Voicing
Stop, Fricative, Affricate, Nasal, Liquid, Glide, Vowel
• Argument or arguement?
Argument loses an ‘e’.
• Color Combinations
Better Get Ready When
Your Mistress Comes Back
Primary colors - Blue, Green, Red = White
Secondary colors - Yellow, Magenta, Cyan = Black
• Planets in order of distance from sun
My very easy method: just set up nine planets.
mnRAJU

39. Word Learning
S trategies -3
Practise Words
 Written repetition
 Spoken repetition
 Word lists
 Vocabulary notebooks
 Create meaningful sentences
 Link to personal experience
mnRAJU

40. Word A s s ociation
Remember as many as you can
Nine Swap Cell Ring Lust
Plugs Lamp Apple Table Sway
Army Bank Fire Hold Worm
Clock Horse Color Baby Sword
Desk Hold Find Bird Rock
mnRAJU

41. Word A s s ociation
Remember as many as you can
Horse Cat Dog Fish Bird
Orange Yellow Blue Green Black
Table Chair Desk Stool Bed
In Out With On Of
Apple Melon Banana Grape Mango
mnRAJU

42. Word Learning
S trategies -4
Master Words
 Set word learning goals
 Make conscious effort
 Test yourself
 Review repeatedly
 Devote specific time
mnRAJU

43. Word Games -
C ros s word
mnRAJU

44. Word Games -
A nagrams
Unscramble these words:
monday rdecaa
ytrmgoee rusiv
accioust yribna
adegnr hammcnsei
mnRAJU

45. Send your comments to
lionnagaraju@in.com
This slideshow is available at
www.authorstream.com/tag/lionnagaraju
www.slideshare.net/lionnagaraju
mnRAJU

46. Send SMS
JOIN mnRAJU
to
92195 92195 mnRAJU