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圖書館趨勢觀察
林泰宏
taihung@yahoo.com
2014.3.28 @ 清華大學圖書館
我是誰
2
LV文章分類
203 195
182
157
103 97 86 79
57 56 54 52 41 39 37
Posts
3
話題不斷
4
Web 2.0
Cloud
Computing
Big Data
LV趨勢觀察
5
• RDA
• Curation
• Linked
(Open) Data
Data
• Library
Services
Platforms
• Identifier
Discovery
• Commons
• Makerspaces
Space
• Reach out
• Engagement
Community
• Mobile
Devices
• AR
UX
01Data Curation
6
• 或稱digital curation,中文譯作「資
料庋用」
• 針對數位化的研究資料加以維護、保
存和加值,建置值得信賴的數位典藏
庫,以利現在和未來的使用。(Digital
Curation Centre, UK)
DCC Curation Lifecycle
7Higgins, S. (2008). The DCC Curation Lifecycle Model. The International Journal of Digital Curation, 3(1), 134-140.
[Available at http://www.ijdc.net/index.php/ijdc/article/viewFile/69/48 ].
Data Curation
8
• larger than digital preservation
• focus on research data sets
• for reuse and creating new
knowledge
• our IR?
• 圖書館館藏有何特色?
02Linked Data
9
• 鏈結資料、关联数据
• Semantic Web - Web of Data
• Tim Berners-Lee
The Semantic Web isn't just about putting data
on the web. It is about making links, so that a
person or machine can explore the web of
data. With linked data, when you have some
of it, you can find other, related, data.
Berners-Lee, T. (2006). Linked Data. [Available at http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html ].
曾蕾教授的12345
10
• 1個目的
• 2種要回答的問題
• 3段式 triples
• 4項基本原則
• 5星排行
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
1個目的:關聯
11
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
2種要回答的問題
12
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
3段式 triples
13
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
3段式 triples
14
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
3段式 triples
15
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
3段式 triples
16
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
4項基本原則
17
• Use URIs as names for things
• Use HTTP URIs so that people can
look up those names.
• When someone looks up a URI,
provide useful information, using the
standards (RDF*, SPARQL)
• Include links to other URIs. so that
they can discover more things.
Berners-Lee, T. (2006). Linked Data. [Available at http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html ].
5星排行
18
內容取自曾蕾教授簡報檔:http://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/events/2012_new_service/ppt00.pdf
Linked Open Data
19
The Linking Open Data cloud diagram - http://lod-cloud.net/
DBpedia
20
The Linking Open Data cloud diagram - http://lod-cloud.net/
• a crowd-sourced community effort
to extract structured information
from Wikipedia and make this
information available on the Web.
• Jeremy Lin
Jeremy Lin @DBpedia
21
DBpedia -http://live.dbpedia.org/page/Jeremy_Lin
Google Knowledge Graph
22
Google 知識圖譜 -http://www.google.com/insidesearch/features/search/knowledge.html
語彙(Vocabulary)
23
Linked Open Vocabularies (LOV) -http://lov.okfn.org/dataset/lov/
Why is Linked Data important
for libraries?
24
1. People can more easily find library
resources on the Web
2. More creative applications based on
library metadata
3. Opportunities for cataloging
efficiency and innovation
OCLC (2012). Linked Data for Libraries. [Available at http://youtu.be/fWfEYcnk8Z8 ]
Linked Data in libraries
25
• British Library (2010): 3 million
records
• OCLC (2012) : 1.2 million most widely
held works in WorldCat. (80 million
linked data “triples”)
• Europeana (2012) : 2.4 million objects
are downloadable in RDF
OCLC採Schema.org語彙
26
http://www.worldcat.org/title/jeremy-lin-basketball-phenom/oclc/794323700
BIBFRAME
27
• 美國國會圖書館於2012年11月公布的
書目框架計畫(Bibliographic
Framework Initiative)
• 4 high-level classes, or entitities, in
the BIBFRAME Model:
• Work 創作作品
• Instance 實例
• Authority 權威
• Annotation 注釋
BIBFRAME @ DNB
28
03Bookless
29
Library Views 圖書館觀點 -http://libraryview.me/2009/09/05/870/
NCSU the Hunt Library
30
Uni. of Chicago Mansueto
Library
31
Library Views 圖書館觀點 - http://libraryview.me/2011/05/18/1054/
underground storage
32
Library Views 圖書館觀點 - http://libraryview.me/2011/05/18/1054/
NYPL改造計畫
33
Library Views 圖書館觀點 - http://libraryview.me/2013/07/07/7857/
From paper to pixels
34
Library Views 圖書館觀點 - http://libraryview.me/2013/09/15/8382/
04Commons
35
From Learning to Digital
36
Library Views 圖書館觀點 - http://libraryview.me/2013/08/09/8001/
05Makerspaces
37
• Makerspaces have evolved from
hackerspaces and Maker Faires.
• Maker Faire is the Greatest Show
(and Tell) on Earth—a family-
friendly festival of invention,
creativity and resourcefulness,
and a celebration of the Maker
movement.
this is about creating
creative people.
38
Hackerspaces
Fablabs
tech shops
3D printer
39
Library Views 圖書館觀點 - http://libraryview.me/2013/06/23/7679/
06LSP
• Library Services Platforms
• Breeding認為新世代公用目錄應該具備的功能有(1)單一的資源入
口網站,讓使用者能夠一站購足所有資訊資源;(2)舒適的檢索介
面;(3)豐富的內容,至少要包含書的封面、書評、摘要、標籤雲
等…;(4)層面導覽,在檢索結果中要顯示所分類的主題、語言以
及館藏地;(5)簡單的關鍵字檢索介面,像google一般的欄位檢索
讓使用者減少檢索十的負擔;(6)相關排序,利用相關的概念增加
檢索結果的精確率;(7)相關回饋,當輸入錯誤的詞彙時,系統能
夠參考數據以及其他資料給予提醒或校正;(8)推薦資料,利用其
他使用者的興趣檔案或主題程度等…,向使用者推薦能夠閱讀的
資料;(9)使用者一起投入貢獻,使用者輸入描述詞、評論、摘要
以增加檢索點;(10) RSS回饋,利用RSS簡單整合使用者有興趣的
內容;(11)整合社群網站,將社群網站整合至公用目錄之中;
(12)永久連線,提供URL讓使用者可以連結到資料或書目。
40
技術服務小百科 - http://techserviceslibrary.blogspot.tw/2014/03/next-generation-catalogue-ngc.html
Goals
•設計的目的在於幫助圖書館管理所
面對各項不同資源之相對應的詮釋資
料
•讓館員可能夠全面性的流程進行異
質性高資源的採購、描述編目,並能
夠依資源的特性與特殊形式提供多樣
化的檢索
41
Library Watch -http://ifii-enews.blogspot.tw/2014/02/marshall-breeding-vs.html
LSP =
• Cloud Service + Discovery Service
+ ERMS
42Breeding, M. (2013). Automation Marketplace 2013: The Rush to Innovate
[Available at http://www.thedigitalshift.com/2013/04/ils/automation-marketplace-2013-the-rush-to-innovate/ ].
LSP 發展現況
Alma (Ex Libris)
Sierra (Innovative
Interfaces)
WorldShare
Management
Services (OCLC)
上市
Intota (Serials
Solutions)
Open Skies
(VTLS)
OLE (Kuali)
開發
階段
43Breeding, M. (2013). Library Technology Forecast for 2014 and Beyond.
[Available at http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/dec13/Breeding--Library-Technology-Forecast%20-for-2014-and-Beyond.shtml ].
Comparison of LSPs
44Grant, C. (2012). The Future of Library Systems: Library Services Platforms
[Available at http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/document.php?document_id=9922 ].
07Identifier
45OCLC (2013). Registering Researchers in Authority Files.
[Available at http://www.slideshare.net/oclcr/registering-researchers-in-authority-files ].
Problems
46
ORCID (2014). Connecting Research and Researchers [Available at http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/overview-of-orcidtamu02142014 ].
• The research community has lacked
the ability to link researchers and
scholars with their professional
activities.
– Discoverability within and across databases
– Author, grantee, and faculty record
management
– Output tracking
– Research reporting and impact assessment
ORCID
•開放型研究者與投稿者識別碼
(Open Researchers and Contributor
ID )
•這一組唯一性識別碼有助於研究者
往後的陸續發表的研究活動、成果報
告、專利申請等案件中著錄,並可解
決因命名不同或是曾在多個研究機構
工作之研究者,引用次數可以更正確
地計算。
47
07-1
Goals
•解決現今研究社群缺乏將學者之各
類型的學術成果與獎勵串連的機制,
透過 ORCID 可讓使用者利用此唯一
性識別碼在不同資料庫間發掘同一個
研究者,追蹤學術研究產出。
48
Format of the ORCID iD
• 0000-0002-3441-0265
• http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-
0265
49
ORCID is a hub
50
ORCID (2014). Connecting Research and Researchers [Available at http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/overview-of-orcidtamu02142014 ].
成長快速(2013/9)
51ORCID (2013). What we are, What we offer, How we do it, How far we are, What is coming, How to join
[Available at http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/orcidspain20130906 ].
成長快速(2014/2)
52
ORCID (2014). Connecting Research and Researchers [Available at http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/overview-of-orcidtamu02142014 ].
120個機構會員
53
ORCID (2014). Connecting Research and Researchers [Available at http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/overview-of-orcidtamu02142014 ].
54ORCID (2013). ORCID iDs: Optimizing Research Discoverability.
[Available at http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/eng-slides-orcidoverview20140116 ].
我們可以做什麼
55
ORCID (2014). Connecting Research and Researchers [Available at http://www.slideshare.net/ORCIDSlides/overview-of-orcidtamu02142014 ].
07-2VIAF
• The Virtual International Authority
File (VIAF, 虛擬國際權威檔)
combines multiple name authority
files into a single OCLC-hosted
name authority service.
56
At the beginning
• VIAF began as a joint project with
the Library of Congress (LC), the
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB),
the Bibliothèque nationale de
France (BNF) and OCLC.
• At the beginning of 2012,
contributors include 20 agencies
from 16 countries.
57
Stats
58
Countries
59
Goals
•降低全球編目成本和得到更精確的
檢索
•簡化國際性權威紀錄的產生與維護
•使用者以喜好的語言和文字來獲取
資訊
60劉春銀 (2012).權威控制及VIAF之發展
[Available at http://catweb.ncl.edu.tw/flysheet_admin/new_file_download.php?Pact=FileDownLoad&Pval=1374].
VIAF @ Wikipedia
61
08Community
• Four priorities for a 21st century public
library service
– Place the library as the hub of a
community
– Make the most of digital technology and
creative media
– Ensure that libraries are resilient and
sustainable
– Deliver the right skills for those who work
for libraries
62Arts Council England. (2013). The library of the future.
[Available at http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/media/uploads/pdf/The_library_of_the_future_May_2013.pdf ].
Reach out & Engagement
• Embedded librarian
• Roaming librarian
• Social media
• What else?
63
圖片來源:Pennsylvania State University Libraries
User Experience dep.
64https://www.library.gatech.edu/about/user.php
09User experience
• Website (Mobile devices)
• Technology (AR 擴增實境)
• Services
• Space
• Librarian (Staff)
65
漸獲重視
66
10Other Trends
• MOOCs
• Big data
• Curator (策展人)
– NYPL Labs
67
今天談到…
68
• RDA
• Curation
• Linked
(Open) Data
Data
• Library
Services
Platforms
• Identifier
Discovery
• Commons
• Makerspaces
Space
• Reach out
• Engagement
Community
• Mobile
Devices
• AR
UX
謝謝聆聽
69
libraryviews@gmail.com
libraryview.me

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