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Flevoland: which roads to the future ?
Krijn Poppe, based
on ppt by
Reina Groen
Provincie Flevoland
Province of Flevoland
• Youngest of 12 provinces
• Biggest land reclamation project in the
world
• June 14th 1918 – Zuiderzee Law
• Realisation 1936 – 1968
• After Second World War: food
production (North Eastern Polder)
• Later: Housing projects and recreational
area (Southern Flevoland)
Flevoland designer made
….. for food
Recruitedfarmers
• In our DNA
• About 1700 farms
• 70 % arable farming
• 75 % export
• Seed potatoes, bulbs, organic, mechanisation
• Intensive cropping system
Agriculture in Flevoland today
Food chain: 2 weak spots – opportunity?
Input industries
Farmer
Food processor
Consumer Retail
• Public health issues –
obesity, Diabetes-2 etc.
• Climate change asks for
changes in diet
• Strong structural change
• Environmental costs
need to be internalised
• Climate change (GHG)
strengthens this
Is it coincidence that these 2 are the weakest groups?
Are these issues business opportunities / market failure?
Or system failure and lack of transformative capacity?
Cochrane’s Treadmill
Farmers don’t
exit but try to
reduce cost
prices
Input
suppliers and
public
research
provide new
technologies
Adopters
have a
temporary
advantage
Their lower
cost price
leads to
lower market
prices
.. Is good for the economy (but not the
environment)
Farmers don’t
exit but try to
reduce cost
prices
Input
suppliers and
public
research
provide new
technologies
Adopters
have a
temporary
advantage
Their lower
cost price
leads to
lower market
prices
Leads to
lower food
prices
Next generation leaves,
trained for a job in the
city: lowers labour cost
in the economy
Innovation helps
the competitive
position
Farms have to enlarge,
keeps land prices up (+
for banks, exiters)
Leads to intensive
land use /
environmental issues
Chain organisation changes (©Gereffi et al., 2005)
inputs
End
product
PRICE
Shops
Complete
Integration
Lead
company
Lead
company
Turnkey
supplier
Relational
supplier
Market Modular Relational Captive Hierarchy
Low Degree of explicit coordination and power asymmetry High
Lead
company
Farmers
Institutional change is needed for a Food System approach
Price
Quantity
Demand
Supply
Current
price
Export to
feed 10 bln
Less waste
Less animal
protein
More sustainable
BioTech
(Digital) knowledge /
Precision Agriculture
Less
chemicals
Social policy for food insecure
persons: not a price but an
income problem
Current volume
Create market
like in energy,
mobility
Organise platform
economy
Agro Expert Council Flevoland
Krijn Poppe – Chair
1 juni 2021
WUR-2019
5 Advises (in Dutch) and counting
• Agriculture in a metropole – February 2020
• Climate adaptation and water – May 2020
• The soil under Flevolands’ farming – oktober 2020
• Biodiversity and Flevolands’ agriculture – december 2020
• Digitalisation and Flevolands’ agriculture – maart 2021
Recently the AER investigated to which extent advises match with working programs of the
participating organisations. There are clear links, but there is also a need for more collaboration in
pilot projects.
For those who read Dutch:
https://www.omgevingsvisieflevoland.nl/omgevingsvisie/opgaven/landbouw-meerdere-
smaken/agro-expert-raad/
Focus point: Floriade 2022
• World Horticultural Expo
• Main theme: Growing Green
Cities
• Feeding the city
• Until 2022: Development of
relevant knowledge and foster
innovations
• Ambition: presenting Flevo Food
to the world
krijn.poppe@wur.nl
www.wur.nl
kjpoppe@hccnet.nl
Thanks for
your
attention

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Flevoland mba course 2021

  • 1. Flevoland: which roads to the future ? Krijn Poppe, based on ppt by Reina Groen Provincie Flevoland
  • 2. Province of Flevoland • Youngest of 12 provinces • Biggest land reclamation project in the world • June 14th 1918 – Zuiderzee Law • Realisation 1936 – 1968 • After Second World War: food production (North Eastern Polder) • Later: Housing projects and recreational area (Southern Flevoland)
  • 3.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 8. • In our DNA • About 1700 farms • 70 % arable farming • 75 % export • Seed potatoes, bulbs, organic, mechanisation • Intensive cropping system Agriculture in Flevoland today
  • 9. Food chain: 2 weak spots – opportunity? Input industries Farmer Food processor Consumer Retail • Public health issues – obesity, Diabetes-2 etc. • Climate change asks for changes in diet • Strong structural change • Environmental costs need to be internalised • Climate change (GHG) strengthens this Is it coincidence that these 2 are the weakest groups? Are these issues business opportunities / market failure? Or system failure and lack of transformative capacity?
  • 10. Cochrane’s Treadmill Farmers don’t exit but try to reduce cost prices Input suppliers and public research provide new technologies Adopters have a temporary advantage Their lower cost price leads to lower market prices
  • 11. .. Is good for the economy (but not the environment) Farmers don’t exit but try to reduce cost prices Input suppliers and public research provide new technologies Adopters have a temporary advantage Their lower cost price leads to lower market prices Leads to lower food prices Next generation leaves, trained for a job in the city: lowers labour cost in the economy Innovation helps the competitive position Farms have to enlarge, keeps land prices up (+ for banks, exiters) Leads to intensive land use / environmental issues
  • 12. Chain organisation changes (©Gereffi et al., 2005) inputs End product PRICE Shops Complete Integration Lead company Lead company Turnkey supplier Relational supplier Market Modular Relational Captive Hierarchy Low Degree of explicit coordination and power asymmetry High Lead company Farmers
  • 13. Institutional change is needed for a Food System approach Price Quantity Demand Supply Current price Export to feed 10 bln Less waste Less animal protein More sustainable BioTech (Digital) knowledge / Precision Agriculture Less chemicals Social policy for food insecure persons: not a price but an income problem Current volume Create market like in energy, mobility Organise platform economy
  • 14.
  • 15. Agro Expert Council Flevoland Krijn Poppe – Chair 1 juni 2021
  • 17. 5 Advises (in Dutch) and counting • Agriculture in a metropole – February 2020 • Climate adaptation and water – May 2020 • The soil under Flevolands’ farming – oktober 2020 • Biodiversity and Flevolands’ agriculture – december 2020 • Digitalisation and Flevolands’ agriculture – maart 2021 Recently the AER investigated to which extent advises match with working programs of the participating organisations. There are clear links, but there is also a need for more collaboration in pilot projects. For those who read Dutch: https://www.omgevingsvisieflevoland.nl/omgevingsvisie/opgaven/landbouw-meerdere- smaken/agro-expert-raad/
  • 18. Focus point: Floriade 2022 • World Horticultural Expo • Main theme: Growing Green Cities • Feeding the city • Until 2022: Development of relevant knowledge and foster innovations • Ambition: presenting Flevo Food to the world

Notas do Editor

  1. Internal changes pictured here. Every 10 to 15 year 10 % of agricultural area is “lost” to urban development. Quite a lot of natural reserves are fixed. Lately some cooperation and intermingling between agriculture and nature is starting to develop. Energy production takes up land. In Flevoland we are more or less good with wind and solar plants, producing almost our energy consumption. Soil subsidence Geen provincie zo herkenbaar als Flevoland. Je merkt het meteen wanneer je binnen rijdt. Grens tussen stad en land is nergens zo hard, al is daar wel verandering gaande met de ontwikkeling van Oosterwold. Er gaat gestaag elke 10-15 jaar zo’n 10 % van het landbouwareaal naar andere functies, vooral woningbouw. Natuur bij ons zijn grote aaneengesloten bossen en moerassen. Landbouw wordt door sommigen wel omschreven als ecologische woestenij. De boeren in Flevoland hebben een flinke zwengel gegeven aan de energietransitie met de honderden windmolens. De volgende stap is zon. Behalve op de daken wordt er op dit moment gezocht naar 1000 ha voor zon op land. Er wordt ook voorzichtigjes gekeken naar elektrificatie van de landbouw en waterstof. Ook in de volgende stap van de energietransitie zal de landbouw wel weer een grote rol spelen. Dan de bodem. Hoge grondprijzen, weinig opgebouwd kapitaal bij boeren, vruchtbare gronden, dus er wordt intensief geboerd. Met behoorlijke verdichting tot gevolg. Daarnaast is Flevoland niet zo plat en eenvormig als het lijkt. In de ondergrond nogal wat veen met ongelijkmatige bodemdaling tot gevolg. De perfecte omstandigheden verdwijnen daarmee toch in delen van de polder. Die transitie is voor ons echt wel een hoofdbreken, waar bestuurders tot een paar jaar geleden niet van wilden weten.