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Are you legal?


            Glenn Wiebe
               ESSDACK
      glennw@essdack.org
                  ©2007
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Sticky ideas?
Copyright is not
 the enemy / Fair
 Use is your friend
You’re probably
 breaking the law
 but you’re not going
 to jail
There is a lot of
 stuff out there
 you can use
www.socialstudiescentral.com
This presentation contains
 copyrighted material used under
 the educational fair use
 exemption to U.S. Copyright
 law.
Michael Mukasey
    lawyer
Glenn Wiebe
Michael Mukasey
                  not a lawyer!
    lawyer
CopyRight / CopyWrong

  • <www.csus.edu/indiv/p/
    peachj/edte230/copyright>
Copyright myths
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted
If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted

It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble
If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted

It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble

Everything I copy for class is Fair Use
If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted

It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble

Everything I copy for class is Fair Use

If I don’t charge for it, it’s okay
If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted

It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble

Everything I copy for class is Fair Use

If I don’t charge for it, it’s okay

The Internet is Public Domain so I can use
  anything I find on the Internet
Copyright truths
“There is no such thing as true
 intellectual property; there is
 only temporary permission
 to control an idea.”
The law is designed to

 “ . . . promote the betterment
 of society by encouraging the
 creation of, and the public’s
 access to, useful works.”
Copyright protects the creator of a
 “creative work”

  • A unique way of expressing
    something

  • Requires only a minimum amount
    of creativity

  • Does not include facts or broad
    ideas
A creative work is any original
 work that is in tangible form:

  • Photos
  • Web site
  • Arrangement of facts
  • Music
  • Story
The creator has the right to:

  • Reproduce, sell, or distribute work
  • Publicly perform and display work
  • License work
  • Create derivative works
  • Control who else may copy the
    work
What could happen?

  • $250 -10,000 per infringement /
    misdemeanor or felony

Who’s liable?

  • Teachers	 	       Media Specialists

  • Administrators	   BOE
Copyright List-Serv
<www.umuc.edu/cip/listserv.html>

A Visit to Copyright Bay
<www.stfrancis.edu/cid/
copyrightbay>

The Copyright Web Site
<www.benedict.com>
Copyright and Fair-Use in the
 Classroom
<www.umuc.edu/library/copy.html>

American Library Association
<www.ala.org/ala/washoff/
WOissues/copyrightb/
copyright.htm>
Copyright for Kids
<www.copyrightkids.org>
What web sites can you share?
Fair Use
The law does allow some use
 without specific permission:

  • To criticize / comment

  • To write news articles

  • For research / scholarship

  • To practice parody
Law says:

  • Limited copying is in the best interest
    of society

  • When used correctly, “the fair use
    of a copyrighted work . . . is not an
    infringement of copyright.”
Allows “use of a work in a
 reasonable manner” if:

  • Brevity
    • Amount used
  • Spontaneity
    • When and how often used
Reasonable
manner?
Is the work protected?

  • Works that lack originality

  • Works in the Public Domain

  • Government works

  • Facts
Do you wish to “exercise” one of
 the owner’s rights?

  • Make a copy or a derivative
    work

  • Distribute / publish a copy

  • Publicly perform or distribute
    the work
Is your use exempt from liability?

  • Fair Use
What is the nature of the creative
 work?

  • Published      vs.   unpublished?

  • Out of print   vs.   available?

  • Factual        vs.   artistic?
Purpose for using the creative work?

  • Commercial?

  • Educational?

  • Non-profit?
Effect on potential market?

  • Does the work appeal to the
    same audience as the original?

  • Does the new work contain
    anything original?

  • Is it putting money in your pocket
    or taking from owner’s?
How much are you using? How
 often?

  • Does the amount you use exceed a
    reasonable expectation?

  • Are you using the work more than
    once?

  • Are you using the quot;heartquot; or
    quot;essencequot; of a work?
Huh?
No easy answers

  • Use the checklist in your packet
    to help you decide
What is one question you have?
What’s one specific classroom
 situation you are concerned
 about?
Remember:

  • The words may & might!

  • All guidelines are subject to bias

   • Just court precedents
Remember:

  • Be careful of the percentages

   • % of use is not the same as % of
     impact
What can be copied for
 scholarship?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
• A chapter from a book
• A chapter from a book

• An article from a periodical or
  newspaper
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
• A short story, essay, or poem
• A short story, essay, or poem

• A graphic from a book,
  periodical, or newspaper
What can be copied for face-to-
 face instruction?
• A poem of 250 words or less /
  250 words from a longer poem

• Articles, stories or essays that
  are 2,500 words or less
• Excerpts up to 1,000 words or
  10 percent of the total work

• One graphic per book or per
  periodical issue
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Music, lyrics, and music video:

  • 10 percent of the work or 30
    seconds from an individual musical
    work

  • “Emergency clause” for
    performances
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Illustrations or photographs:
  • Five images or less from one artist
    or photographer

  • No more than 10% or 15 images
    from a collection
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Broadcast television
  • Show for 10 days & kept for 45

  • “face-to-face instruction”

Cable television
  • Not under the same guidelines

  • Use Cable in the Classroom

    • <www.ciconline.org>
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Video

  • No restrictions

  • Must be “legally obtained”

  • “face-to-face instruction”

  • Purchase performance rights for
    entertainment purposes
Whadda’ you got?
Technology in Education & Copyright
  Harmonization Act

  • <www.lib.ncsu.edu/scc/legislative/
    teachkit>

  • Covers online / distance learning
Lawfully obtained
  copy
                        Can’t change format
Part of systematic       to prevent ease of
  instruction            digital copying

Copyright policies in   Solely for students
 place                   officially enrolled

Must “protect”          Fair Use still applies
 copyrighted
 materials
So what to do?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Use permission templates
Use permission templates

Check “terms of use”
Use permission templates

Check “terms of use”

Cite your usage
Use permission templates

Check “terms of use”

Cite your usage

Purchase what you want to use
Use permission templates

Check “terms of use”

Cite your usage

Purchase what you want to use

Use something else
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Government web sites are
 considered public domain
Government web sites are
 considered public domain

Create a district or building
 copyright policy

  • <www.bham.wednet.edu/
     technology/copyrightpolicy.htm>
Style Sheets for Citing Internet &
  Electronic Resources
  • <www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/
    Guides/Internet/Style.html>

Citing Internet & Electronic Resources
  • <www.mlb.ilstu.edu/ressubj/subject/
    intrnt/citeweb.htm>
How to Cite a Web Resource
  • <www.tekmom.com/cite/index.html>

Citation of Sources
  • <www.yahooligans.com/tg/
    citation.html>

Automatic Citation Machine
  • <citationmachine.net>
BibMe.org

EasyBib.com

NoteStar
  • <notestar.4teachers.org>


                               carols_67501
Music Copyright WebQuest
  • <www.edgerton.k12.wi.us/ms/
    Webquest>

6th Grade WebQuest
  • <www.hazelwood.k12.mo.us/
    ~jdarnell/webq>
Kathy Schrock

  • <school.discovery.com/
    schrockguide/referenc.html>

Copyright Lessons

  • <lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/wp/
    copyright-2002/lessonplanfaqs.html>
What might be some examples of
 Fair Use in the classroom?

  • 20 Question Fair Use Quiz
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
It’s the Friday before Christmas
  break and you have two more
  hours to kill . . . uh . . . use for
  educational purposes. You and
  other teachers bring your classes
  together to watch Pocahontas.
The Wichita Eagle printed a story
 yesterday that fits your present
 class topic. You make enough
 copies for all of your students to
 use today.
A student steps on a new software
 CD and breaks it. You purchase
 a new CD and the principal tells
 you to make a copy of it and all
 of the other CDs you have.
You want students to have access
 to material from several different
 books but not the whole book.
 You photocopy those pages that
 you want to use into a “course
 packet” and sell them to students
 as the textbook.
You cut and paste a Mickey
 Mouse digital logo from the
 Disney web site and after
 “blowing it up” with a projector,
 use it on a class bulletin board
 that encourages reading.
One of your students “rips” a song
 from a music CD he owns and
 uses it in a PowerPoint project.
 You place the project on the
 school web site for others to see
 as an example of quality work.
Copyright Quizzes
  • Kent School District

   • <www.kent.k12.wa.us/KSD/IT/
     wwwdev/tests/T_F_Quiz.htm>

  • CyberBee

   • <www.cyberbee.com/
     cb_copyright.swf>
Copyright Quizzes
  • Copyright for Kids

   • <www.copyrightkids.org/
     quizframes.htm>

  • CopyRight / CopyWrong

   • <www.csus.edu/indiv/p/peachj/
     edte230/copyright>
Flickr Creative Commons
  • <flickr.com/creativecommons>

Wikipedia Commons
  • <commons.wikimedia.org>

Creative Commons
  • <creativecommons.org>

  • <commoncontent.org>
Podsafe Music

  • <music.podshow.com>

Public Domain Music

  • <www.pdinfo.com>

Public Domain Photos

  • <www.pdphoto.org>
Public Domain Art, Books, Images,
 Links
  • <www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/
    links/clipart.htm>

Pics4Learning
  • <www.pics4learning.com>
Multimedia Resources for Educators
 & Students
  • <www.uen.org/curriculum/
    multimedia_resources.shtm>

Freefoto
  • <www.freefoto.com>
Plagiarism is
 happening
at your school
You can detect it
It can’t be prevented but you
 become a better teacher
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Jerry Scott & Jim Borgman 2007
Jerry Scott & Jim Borgman 2007
The top 10 jobs
  predicted for 2010
  didn’t exist         in
  2004
There are over
150 million people
  using social networks
more
China has
 gifted kids
 than we have kids
A seven year-old signed a
six figure endorsement deal
      to play professional video games
So what?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
“Today’s students
are no longer the people
our educational system
was designed to teach.”

Marc Prensky
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Stand and find two other people:

  • Assuming kids are different, how
    might that affect how you teach?
    How might that affect how
    students learn?

  • Does plagiarism really happen?
Any good war stories?
HS cheating / copying jumped from
 58% to 97% from 1969 to 1989

80% of college-bound students admit
 to cheating / 95% don’t get caught

38% of HS and college students
 report using the Web to cheat
Turnitin.com ©2004
Turnitin.com ©2004
Helen Keller 1892   Colin Powell 2003
                    Jayson Blair 2003
Alex Haley 1976
                    Wichita KS pastor
Kansas City Piper
                     2004
 2001
                    Kaavya
Stephen Ambrose
                     Viswanathan
  2002
                     2006
Paper due by next week

  • What to do!?

  • Google search / cut & paste
Questions for discussion
Schoolsucks.com

Paper Mill List

  • <www.coastal.edu/library/
    presentations/mills2.html>

Specific Content Paper Mills

  • <www.coastal.edu/library/
    presentations/mills5.html>
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
From Latin plagiarius meaning
  “kidnapper of slaves”
From Latin plagiarius meaning
  “kidnapper of slaves”

Roman poet Martial extended its
 meaning; “to steal text”
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
English writer Ben Johnson introduced
 word to English language
English writer Ben Johnson introduced
 word to English language

Only in the last 100 years has
 academic world really focused on
 “plagiarism”
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Problem? What is it!?

  • “I’m not really sure but I’ll know it
    when I see it!”

  • In the margin of your packet, write
    your definition
Problem? What is it!?

  • “I’m not really sure but I’ll know it
    when I see it!”

  • In the margin of your packet, write
    your definition

Share your definition with someone
 near you
“When students submit work purporting to
 be their own, but which in any way
 borrows ideas, organization, wording or
 anything else from another source without
 appropriate acknowledgement of the fact,
 the students are guilty of plagiarism.”


 University of Kentucky 1998
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Are there different types?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Fraud - willfully submitting work done
  by someone else
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Patchwriting - using words / phrases
 from a source text and patching
 them together into new sentences
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Failure to cite - not acknowledging
 sources
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Failure to quote - not providing
 quotation marks for direct
 quotation
Failure to quote - not providing
 quotation marks for direct
 quotation

 Rebecca Moore Howard
 University of Maryland
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Cryptomnesia
Cryptomnesia
  • “Source memory” failure
Cryptomnesia
  • “Source memory” failure
  • Remembering without being
    aware we're remembering
Cryptomnesia
    • “Source memory” failure
    • Remembering without being
      aware we're remembering
       

    
   
   
   
Richard Marsh
University of Georgia
But why!?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Lazy
  • It’s easier to copy!
Lazy
  • It’s easier to copy!

Lack of time / planning
  • Work outside school, class load,
    home situation
Lazy
  • It’s easier to copy!

Lack of time / planning
  • Work outside school, class load,
    home situation

Fear of failure
  • “My skills aren’t good enough, so
    only way to pass the class”
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Competition / Grades
  • Scholarships, college admissions,
    jobs, parental pressure
Competition / Grades
  • Scholarships, college admissions,
    jobs, parental pressure
Lack of knowledge
  • We shouldn’t assume
Competition / Grades
  • Scholarships, college admissions,
    jobs, parental pressure
Lack of knowledge
  • We shouldn’t assume

Lack of enforcement
  • Few clear & consistent policies, fear
    of parents / publicity / poor
    evaluation
What are signs of
plagiarism?
Mark Pett ©2000
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Writing style, vocabulary, word
 choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound
 like” the student
Writing style, vocabulary, word
 choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound
 like” the student

Older citations, inactive web sites
Writing style, vocabulary, word
 choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound
 like” the student

Older citations, inactive web sites

References to charts, graphs,
 etc that are not included
Writing style, vocabulary, word
 choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound
 like” the student

Older citations, inactive web sites

References to charts, graphs,
 etc that are not included

“Metadata” doesn’t make sense
Formatting:

  • Strange text at the top / bottom

  • Gray letters in the text indicating a
    hyperlink

  • Web address of “paper mill” in last
    paragraph

  • Page numbers, headings, spacing from
    web browser
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Writing style changes within the
 paper or assignment
Writing style changes within the
 paper or assignment

Dated references      (i.e., “Last month, the US
 lost 345 men in Vietnam.”)
Writing style changes within the
 paper or assignment

Dated references      (i.e., “Last month, the US
 lost 345 men in Vietnam.”)

Student can’t provide copies of
  citations
Writing style changes within the
 paper or assignment

Dated references      (i.e., “Last month, the US
 lost 345 men in Vietnam.”)

Student can’t provide copies of
  citations

Student can’t create simple outline of
  work
Others?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Challenges / Benefits?
Becomes an enforcement issue
 rather than an educational one

Student intellectual property issues

Effectiveness?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Think about student intent

  • Think like a teacher, not a judge
Think about student intent

  • Think like a teacher, not a judge

iKids?
Think about student intent

  • Think like a teacher, not a judge

iKids?

Cultural differences?
Refer to district policy

Talk with other educators

Don’t take it personally!

  • But take responsibility
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
“You Be the Judge”
 <www.fairfield.edu/documents/
 Library/plagicourt.swf>
“You Be the Judge”
 <www.fairfield.edu/documents/
 Library/plagicourt.swf>
“You Be the Judge”
 <www.fairfield.edu/documents/
 Library/plagicourt.swf>



In groups of two, read the
  supplied texts
Let’s go back to “war stories”

  • What could be done to prevent
    reoccurrence?

  • Who is responsible for fixing it?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Idealistic
   • Talk about ethics & character
Idealistic
   • Talk about ethics & character

Realistic
   • Design high quality assignments
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Make sure district policy is clear and
 available!
Make sure district policy is clear and
 available!

Educate parents
Make sure district policy is clear and
 available!

Educate parents

Clearly define plagiarism &
 intellectual property with examples
Make sure district policy is clear and
 available!

Educate parents

Clearly define plagiarism &
 intellectual property with examples

Practice citation with students
Make sure district policy is clear and
 available!

Educate parents

Clearly define plagiarism &
 intellectual property with examples

Practice citation with students

Write across the curriculum
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Don’t encourage younger students
 to copy from sources
Don’t encourage younger students
 to copy from sources

Assign work that is age appropriate
Don’t encourage younger students
 to copy from sources

Assign work that is age appropriate

Go to web “paper mills” with your
 students
Focus on the process of learning

  • Data / information / knowledge

  • Require rough drafts of sections /
    final copies due different times

  • Require copies of sources

  • Require annotated bibliography

  • Have students do “meta-writing”
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
• Assignments must be specific
• Assignments must be specific

• Quality design

 • “Working on the work”

 • Engaging / stimulating /
   challenging
What does the “perfect” plagiarism
 proof assignment or assessment
 look like?

  •Things to think about:

      • Time	 Resources

      • Who	 How

      • What
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
“Build beautiful
 cathedrals”
 
 - Doug Johnson / Mankato, MN
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Student-designed graphic
  organizer
Student-designed graphic
  organizer

4 page newspaper
Student-designed graphic
  organizer

4 page newspaper

Resumes
Student-designed graphic
  organizer

4 page newspaper

Resumes

Comic strip & cartoons
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Illustrated children’s book or book
   cover
Illustrated children’s book or book
   cover

Online museums & simulations
Illustrated children’s book or book
   cover

Online museums & simulations

PBL & water table
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Movie script & ads
Movie script & ads

Community service projects
Movie script & ads

Community service projects

Blogs & Wikis
Movie script & ads

Community service projects

Blogs & Wikis

Video games
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Whadda’ you got?
Final advice?
Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom
Review your district policy
Review your district policy

Review the work you design for
 students
Review your district policy

Review the work you design for
 students

Be a role model for your students
Reflection
  • One piece of bad news
  • Two pieces of good news
  • Three next steps

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Are You Legal? Copyright & Plagiarism in the Classroom

  • 1. Are you legal? Glenn Wiebe ESSDACK glennw@essdack.org ©2007
  • 4. Copyright is not the enemy / Fair Use is your friend
  • 5. You’re probably breaking the law but you’re not going to jail
  • 6. There is a lot of stuff out there you can use
  • 8. This presentation contains copyrighted material used under the educational fair use exemption to U.S. Copyright law.
  • 10. Glenn Wiebe Michael Mukasey not a lawyer! lawyer
  • 11. CopyRight / CopyWrong • <www.csus.edu/indiv/p/ peachj/edte230/copyright>
  • 14. If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted
  • 15. If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble
  • 16. If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble Everything I copy for class is Fair Use
  • 17. If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble Everything I copy for class is Fair Use If I don’t charge for it, it’s okay
  • 18. If it doesn’t have a notice, it’s not copyrighted It’s not really a crime so I can’t get in trouble Everything I copy for class is Fair Use If I don’t charge for it, it’s okay The Internet is Public Domain so I can use anything I find on the Internet
  • 20. “There is no such thing as true intellectual property; there is only temporary permission to control an idea.”
  • 21. The law is designed to “ . . . promote the betterment of society by encouraging the creation of, and the public’s access to, useful works.”
  • 22. Copyright protects the creator of a “creative work” • A unique way of expressing something • Requires only a minimum amount of creativity • Does not include facts or broad ideas
  • 23. A creative work is any original work that is in tangible form: • Photos • Web site • Arrangement of facts • Music • Story
  • 24. The creator has the right to: • Reproduce, sell, or distribute work • Publicly perform and display work • License work • Create derivative works • Control who else may copy the work
  • 25. What could happen? • $250 -10,000 per infringement / misdemeanor or felony Who’s liable? • Teachers Media Specialists • Administrators BOE
  • 26. Copyright List-Serv <www.umuc.edu/cip/listserv.html> A Visit to Copyright Bay <www.stfrancis.edu/cid/ copyrightbay> The Copyright Web Site <www.benedict.com>
  • 27. Copyright and Fair-Use in the Classroom <www.umuc.edu/library/copy.html> American Library Association <www.ala.org/ala/washoff/ WOissues/copyrightb/ copyright.htm> Copyright for Kids <www.copyrightkids.org>
  • 28. What web sites can you share?
  • 30. The law does allow some use without specific permission: • To criticize / comment • To write news articles • For research / scholarship • To practice parody
  • 31. Law says: • Limited copying is in the best interest of society • When used correctly, “the fair use of a copyrighted work . . . is not an infringement of copyright.”
  • 32. Allows “use of a work in a reasonable manner” if: • Brevity • Amount used • Spontaneity • When and how often used
  • 34. Is the work protected? • Works that lack originality • Works in the Public Domain • Government works • Facts
  • 35. Do you wish to “exercise” one of the owner’s rights? • Make a copy or a derivative work • Distribute / publish a copy • Publicly perform or distribute the work
  • 36. Is your use exempt from liability? • Fair Use
  • 37. What is the nature of the creative work? • Published vs. unpublished? • Out of print vs. available? • Factual vs. artistic?
  • 38. Purpose for using the creative work? • Commercial? • Educational? • Non-profit?
  • 39. Effect on potential market? • Does the work appeal to the same audience as the original? • Does the new work contain anything original? • Is it putting money in your pocket or taking from owner’s?
  • 40. How much are you using? How often? • Does the amount you use exceed a reasonable expectation? • Are you using the work more than once? • Are you using the quot;heartquot; or quot;essencequot; of a work?
  • 41. Huh?
  • 42. No easy answers • Use the checklist in your packet to help you decide
  • 43. What is one question you have? What’s one specific classroom situation you are concerned about?
  • 44. Remember: • The words may & might! • All guidelines are subject to bias • Just court precedents
  • 45. Remember: • Be careful of the percentages • % of use is not the same as % of impact
  • 46. What can be copied for scholarship?
  • 48. • A chapter from a book
  • 49. • A chapter from a book • An article from a periodical or newspaper
  • 51. • A short story, essay, or poem
  • 52. • A short story, essay, or poem • A graphic from a book, periodical, or newspaper
  • 53. What can be copied for face-to- face instruction?
  • 54. • A poem of 250 words or less / 250 words from a longer poem • Articles, stories or essays that are 2,500 words or less
  • 55. • Excerpts up to 1,000 words or 10 percent of the total work • One graphic per book or per periodical issue
  • 57. Music, lyrics, and music video: • 10 percent of the work or 30 seconds from an individual musical work • “Emergency clause” for performances
  • 59. Illustrations or photographs: • Five images or less from one artist or photographer • No more than 10% or 15 images from a collection
  • 61. Broadcast television • Show for 10 days & kept for 45 • “face-to-face instruction” Cable television • Not under the same guidelines • Use Cable in the Classroom • <www.ciconline.org>
  • 63. Video • No restrictions • Must be “legally obtained” • “face-to-face instruction” • Purchase performance rights for entertainment purposes
  • 65. Technology in Education & Copyright Harmonization Act • <www.lib.ncsu.edu/scc/legislative/ teachkit> • Covers online / distance learning
  • 66. Lawfully obtained copy Can’t change format Part of systematic to prevent ease of instruction digital copying Copyright policies in Solely for students place officially enrolled Must “protect” Fair Use still applies copyrighted materials
  • 70. Use permission templates Check “terms of use”
  • 71. Use permission templates Check “terms of use” Cite your usage
  • 72. Use permission templates Check “terms of use” Cite your usage Purchase what you want to use
  • 73. Use permission templates Check “terms of use” Cite your usage Purchase what you want to use Use something else
  • 75. Government web sites are considered public domain
  • 76. Government web sites are considered public domain Create a district or building copyright policy • <www.bham.wednet.edu/ technology/copyrightpolicy.htm>
  • 77. Style Sheets for Citing Internet & Electronic Resources • <www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/ Guides/Internet/Style.html> Citing Internet & Electronic Resources • <www.mlb.ilstu.edu/ressubj/subject/ intrnt/citeweb.htm>
  • 78. How to Cite a Web Resource • <www.tekmom.com/cite/index.html> Citation of Sources • <www.yahooligans.com/tg/ citation.html> Automatic Citation Machine • <citationmachine.net>
  • 79. BibMe.org EasyBib.com NoteStar • <notestar.4teachers.org> carols_67501
  • 80. Music Copyright WebQuest • <www.edgerton.k12.wi.us/ms/ Webquest> 6th Grade WebQuest • <www.hazelwood.k12.mo.us/ ~jdarnell/webq>
  • 81. Kathy Schrock • <school.discovery.com/ schrockguide/referenc.html> Copyright Lessons • <lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/wp/ copyright-2002/lessonplanfaqs.html>
  • 82. What might be some examples of Fair Use in the classroom? • 20 Question Fair Use Quiz
  • 84. It’s the Friday before Christmas break and you have two more hours to kill . . . uh . . . use for educational purposes. You and other teachers bring your classes together to watch Pocahontas.
  • 85. The Wichita Eagle printed a story yesterday that fits your present class topic. You make enough copies for all of your students to use today.
  • 86. A student steps on a new software CD and breaks it. You purchase a new CD and the principal tells you to make a copy of it and all of the other CDs you have.
  • 87. You want students to have access to material from several different books but not the whole book. You photocopy those pages that you want to use into a “course packet” and sell them to students as the textbook.
  • 88. You cut and paste a Mickey Mouse digital logo from the Disney web site and after “blowing it up” with a projector, use it on a class bulletin board that encourages reading.
  • 89. One of your students “rips” a song from a music CD he owns and uses it in a PowerPoint project. You place the project on the school web site for others to see as an example of quality work.
  • 90. Copyright Quizzes • Kent School District • <www.kent.k12.wa.us/KSD/IT/ wwwdev/tests/T_F_Quiz.htm> • CyberBee • <www.cyberbee.com/ cb_copyright.swf>
  • 91. Copyright Quizzes • Copyright for Kids • <www.copyrightkids.org/ quizframes.htm> • CopyRight / CopyWrong • <www.csus.edu/indiv/p/peachj/ edte230/copyright>
  • 92. Flickr Creative Commons • <flickr.com/creativecommons> Wikipedia Commons • <commons.wikimedia.org> Creative Commons • <creativecommons.org> • <commoncontent.org>
  • 93. Podsafe Music • <music.podshow.com> Public Domain Music • <www.pdinfo.com> Public Domain Photos • <www.pdphoto.org>
  • 94. Public Domain Art, Books, Images, Links • <www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/ links/clipart.htm> Pics4Learning • <www.pics4learning.com>
  • 95. Multimedia Resources for Educators & Students • <www.uen.org/curriculum/ multimedia_resources.shtm> Freefoto • <www.freefoto.com>
  • 98. It can’t be prevented but you become a better teacher
  • 100. Jerry Scott & Jim Borgman 2007
  • 101. Jerry Scott & Jim Borgman 2007
  • 102. The top 10 jobs predicted for 2010 didn’t exist in 2004
  • 103. There are over 150 million people using social networks
  • 104. more China has gifted kids than we have kids
  • 105. A seven year-old signed a six figure endorsement deal to play professional video games
  • 108. “Today’s students are no longer the people our educational system was designed to teach.” Marc Prensky
  • 111. Stand and find two other people: • Assuming kids are different, how might that affect how you teach? How might that affect how students learn? • Does plagiarism really happen?
  • 112. Any good war stories?
  • 113. HS cheating / copying jumped from 58% to 97% from 1969 to 1989 80% of college-bound students admit to cheating / 95% don’t get caught 38% of HS and college students report using the Web to cheat
  • 116. Helen Keller 1892 Colin Powell 2003 Jayson Blair 2003 Alex Haley 1976 Wichita KS pastor Kansas City Piper 2004 2001 Kaavya Stephen Ambrose Viswanathan 2002 2006
  • 117. Paper due by next week • What to do!? • Google search / cut & paste
  • 119. Schoolsucks.com Paper Mill List • <www.coastal.edu/library/ presentations/mills2.html> Specific Content Paper Mills • <www.coastal.edu/library/ presentations/mills5.html>
  • 121. From Latin plagiarius meaning “kidnapper of slaves”
  • 122. From Latin plagiarius meaning “kidnapper of slaves” Roman poet Martial extended its meaning; “to steal text”
  • 124. English writer Ben Johnson introduced word to English language
  • 125. English writer Ben Johnson introduced word to English language Only in the last 100 years has academic world really focused on “plagiarism”
  • 127. Problem? What is it!? • “I’m not really sure but I’ll know it when I see it!” • In the margin of your packet, write your definition
  • 128. Problem? What is it!? • “I’m not really sure but I’ll know it when I see it!” • In the margin of your packet, write your definition Share your definition with someone near you
  • 129. “When students submit work purporting to be their own, but which in any way borrows ideas, organization, wording or anything else from another source without appropriate acknowledgement of the fact, the students are guilty of plagiarism.” University of Kentucky 1998
  • 133. Fraud - willfully submitting work done by someone else
  • 135. Patchwriting - using words / phrases from a source text and patching them together into new sentences
  • 137. Failure to cite - not acknowledging sources
  • 139. Failure to quote - not providing quotation marks for direct quotation
  • 140. Failure to quote - not providing quotation marks for direct quotation Rebecca Moore Howard University of Maryland
  • 143. Cryptomnesia • “Source memory” failure
  • 144. Cryptomnesia • “Source memory” failure • Remembering without being aware we're remembering
  • 145. Cryptomnesia • “Source memory” failure • Remembering without being aware we're remembering Richard Marsh University of Georgia
  • 148. Lazy • It’s easier to copy!
  • 149. Lazy • It’s easier to copy! Lack of time / planning • Work outside school, class load, home situation
  • 150. Lazy • It’s easier to copy! Lack of time / planning • Work outside school, class load, home situation Fear of failure • “My skills aren’t good enough, so only way to pass the class”
  • 152. Competition / Grades • Scholarships, college admissions, jobs, parental pressure
  • 153. Competition / Grades • Scholarships, college admissions, jobs, parental pressure Lack of knowledge • We shouldn’t assume
  • 154. Competition / Grades • Scholarships, college admissions, jobs, parental pressure Lack of knowledge • We shouldn’t assume Lack of enforcement • Few clear & consistent policies, fear of parents / publicity / poor evaluation
  • 155. What are signs of plagiarism?
  • 158. Writing style, vocabulary, word choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound like” the student
  • 159. Writing style, vocabulary, word choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound like” the student Older citations, inactive web sites
  • 160. Writing style, vocabulary, word choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound like” the student Older citations, inactive web sites References to charts, graphs, etc that are not included
  • 161. Writing style, vocabulary, word choice, tone, etc doesn’t “sound like” the student Older citations, inactive web sites References to charts, graphs, etc that are not included “Metadata” doesn’t make sense
  • 162. Formatting: • Strange text at the top / bottom • Gray letters in the text indicating a hyperlink • Web address of “paper mill” in last paragraph • Page numbers, headings, spacing from web browser
  • 164. Writing style changes within the paper or assignment
  • 165. Writing style changes within the paper or assignment Dated references (i.e., “Last month, the US lost 345 men in Vietnam.”)
  • 166. Writing style changes within the paper or assignment Dated references (i.e., “Last month, the US lost 345 men in Vietnam.”) Student can’t provide copies of citations
  • 167. Writing style changes within the paper or assignment Dated references (i.e., “Last month, the US lost 345 men in Vietnam.”) Student can’t provide copies of citations Student can’t create simple outline of work
  • 171. Becomes an enforcement issue rather than an educational one Student intellectual property issues Effectiveness?
  • 173. Think about student intent • Think like a teacher, not a judge
  • 174. Think about student intent • Think like a teacher, not a judge iKids?
  • 175. Think about student intent • Think like a teacher, not a judge iKids? Cultural differences?
  • 176. Refer to district policy Talk with other educators Don’t take it personally! • But take responsibility
  • 178. “You Be the Judge” <www.fairfield.edu/documents/ Library/plagicourt.swf>
  • 179. “You Be the Judge” <www.fairfield.edu/documents/ Library/plagicourt.swf>
  • 180. “You Be the Judge” <www.fairfield.edu/documents/ Library/plagicourt.swf> In groups of two, read the supplied texts
  • 181. Let’s go back to “war stories” • What could be done to prevent reoccurrence? • Who is responsible for fixing it?
  • 183. Idealistic • Talk about ethics & character
  • 184. Idealistic • Talk about ethics & character Realistic • Design high quality assignments
  • 186. Make sure district policy is clear and available!
  • 187. Make sure district policy is clear and available! Educate parents
  • 188. Make sure district policy is clear and available! Educate parents Clearly define plagiarism & intellectual property with examples
  • 189. Make sure district policy is clear and available! Educate parents Clearly define plagiarism & intellectual property with examples Practice citation with students
  • 190. Make sure district policy is clear and available! Educate parents Clearly define plagiarism & intellectual property with examples Practice citation with students Write across the curriculum
  • 192. Don’t encourage younger students to copy from sources
  • 193. Don’t encourage younger students to copy from sources Assign work that is age appropriate
  • 194. Don’t encourage younger students to copy from sources Assign work that is age appropriate Go to web “paper mills” with your students
  • 195. Focus on the process of learning • Data / information / knowledge • Require rough drafts of sections / final copies due different times • Require copies of sources • Require annotated bibliography • Have students do “meta-writing”
  • 197. • Assignments must be specific
  • 198. • Assignments must be specific • Quality design • “Working on the work” • Engaging / stimulating / challenging
  • 199. What does the “perfect” plagiarism proof assignment or assessment look like? •Things to think about: • Time Resources • Who How • What
  • 201. “Build beautiful cathedrals” - Doug Johnson / Mankato, MN
  • 204. Student-designed graphic organizer 4 page newspaper
  • 205. Student-designed graphic organizer 4 page newspaper Resumes
  • 206. Student-designed graphic organizer 4 page newspaper Resumes Comic strip & cartoons
  • 210. Illustrated children’s book or book cover Online museums & simulations
  • 211. Illustrated children’s book or book cover Online museums & simulations PBL & water table
  • 214. Movie script & ads Community service projects
  • 215. Movie script & ads Community service projects Blogs & Wikis
  • 216. Movie script & ads Community service projects Blogs & Wikis Video games
  • 222. Review your district policy Review the work you design for students
  • 223. Review your district policy Review the work you design for students Be a role model for your students
  • 224. Reflection • One piece of bad news • Two pieces of good news • Three next steps