SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 19
Baixar para ler offline
Periodontal Ligament
By: Dr Jaffar Raza
Lecturer: Periodontology
• Periodontal ligament is the soft, specialized connective tissue
situated between the cementum covering the root of the
tooth and bone forming the socket wall
• Its width ranges from 0.15 to 0.38 mm.
• Periodontal ligament’s shape is like an hourglass apicocoronally.
• Periodontal ligament is thinnest at the axis of rotation in the
middle and widens coronally and apically
• As the crown approaches the oral mucosa
during tooth eruption, the fibroblasts of
dental follicle become active and start
producing collagen fibrils.
• These fibers initially lack orientation, but
they soon acquire an orientation oblique to
the tooth.
• The first collagen bundles appear in the
region immediately apical to the
cementoenamel junction and give rise to the
gingivodental fiber groups.
• As tooth eruption progresses, additional
oblique fibers appear and become attached
to the newly formed cementum and bone.
• The transseptal and alveolar crest fibers
develop when the tooth merges into the oral
cavity.
• Alveolar bone deposition occurs
simultaneously with periodontal ligament
organization.
Development
• During eruption, cemental Sharpey’s
fibers appear first, followed by
Sharpey’s fibers emerging from bone.
• Sharpey’s fibers of bone are fewer in
number and more widely spaced than
those emerging from the cementum.
• At a later stage, alveolar fibers extend
into the middle zone to join the
lengthening cemental fibers and attain
their classic orientation, thickness and
strength when occlusal function is
established.
CONSTITUENTS
• A. Periodontal ligament fibers
• B. Cellular elements
• C. Ground substances
i. Glycosaminoglycans
ii. Glycoproteins
Periodontal Ligament Fibers
• Mainly collagen and oxytalan fibres
• Elastic fibers are present only in the wall of blood vessels
• Oxytalan are immature elastic fiber they support the
blood vessels of periodontal ligament.
Collagen
• Types I, III,V, VI, XII of collagen are present in periodontal ligament
• Collagen is synthesized by fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts,
odontoblasts and other cells
• It is secreted in an inactive form called as procollagen  converted
into tropocollagen polymerized into collagen fibrils aggregated
into collagen bundles by the formation of crosslinkages.
• There is rapid turnover rate of periodontal ligament collagen, with
half life of only 10 – 15 days, which is about 5 times faster than
gingival collagen.
Principal fibers of periodontal ligament
• 1. Transseptal group
Functions:
• Reconstructed even after destruction of the
alveolar bone has occurred in the
periodontal disease.
• Responsible for returning teeth to their
original state after orthodontic therapy.
Position:
• Extends interproximally over alveolar bone
crest and embedded in the cementum of
adjacent teeth
Principal fibers of periodontal ligament
2. Alveolar crest group
• Functions:
(i) Prevent extrusion
(ii) Prevent lateral tooth movements
• Position:
Extends obliquely from the cementum just
beneath the junctional epithelium to the
alveolar crest.
Principal fibers of periodontal ligament
3. Horizontal group
Position:
Extends at right angles to the long axis of
the tooth from cementum to alveolar bone.
Principal fibers of periodontal ligament
4. Oblique group
Functions:
(i) Bear vertical masticatory stresses
(ii) Transform vertical stress into tension on
the alveolar bone.
Position:
Extends from the cementum in a coronal
direction obliquely to the bone.
Principal fibers of periodontal ligament
5. Apical group
Functions:
(i) Prevents tooth tipping
(ii) Resists luxation
(iii) Protects neurovascular supply to the
tooth.
Position:
It radiates in irregular fashion from
cementum to bone at apical region of
socket.
Principal fibers of periodontal ligament
6. Interradicular group
Functions:
(i) Prevents luxation
(ii) Prevents tooth tipping and torquing.
Position:
Found only between roots of multirooted
tooth running from cementum into bone,
forming crest of interradicular septum.
Sharpey’s fibers
• The ends of the periodontal fibers that are embedded in alveolar
bone and cementum are called Sharpey’s fibers.
• On the cementum side these Sharpey’s fibers are much thinner in
diameter and insert at closer intervals as compared with the alveolar
bone side
cells of periodontal ligament
Ground Substance
• It is an amorphous, nonfibrous and noncellular matrix
which forms the major constituent of the periodontal
ligament.
• Ground substance helps in the transportation of water,
electrolytes, nutrients and metabolites to and from the
connective tissue cells, thus is essential for the maintenance
of the normal function of connective tissue.
• It is thought to have a significant effect on the tooth’s
ability to withstand stress loads.
functions of periodontal ligament
blood supply of periodontal ligament
• The blood supply is derived from the inferior and superior alveolar
arteries and reaches the periodontal ligament from 3 sources:
(i) Apical vessels
(ii) Penetrating vessels from the alveolar bone
(iii) Anastomosing vessels from the gingiva
• They are present in the interstitial spaces of loose connective tissue
between the principal fibres which runs longitudinally connected in
the net like plexus closer to the bone than cementum.
• The capillaries of periodontal ligament are fenestrated while in
other connective tissues they are continuous. Due to fenestration,
they have greater ability of diffusion and filtration which is related
to high metabolic requirements of periodontal ligament and its high
rate of turnover.

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados (20)

ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS OF EDENTULOUS MAXILLA
ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS OF EDENTULOUS MAXILLAANATOMICAL LANDMARKS OF EDENTULOUS MAXILLA
ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS OF EDENTULOUS MAXILLA
 
Cementum
CementumCementum
Cementum
 
The occlusal rims and record
The occlusal rims and recordThe occlusal rims and record
The occlusal rims and record
 
Anatomical Landmarks of Mandible
Anatomical Landmarks of MandibleAnatomical Landmarks of Mandible
Anatomical Landmarks of Mandible
 
Cementum
CementumCementum
Cementum
 
Development of tooth
Development of toothDevelopment of tooth
Development of tooth
 
steps of cavity preparation for class 1
steps of cavity preparation for class 1 steps of cavity preparation for class 1
steps of cavity preparation for class 1
 
Dentin
DentinDentin
Dentin
 
Development of Occlusion
Development of OcclusionDevelopment of Occlusion
Development of Occlusion
 
Difference between primary and permanent teeth
Difference between primary and permanent teethDifference between primary and permanent teeth
Difference between primary and permanent teeth
 
Class ii amalgam
Class ii amalgamClass ii amalgam
Class ii amalgam
 
Cementum
CementumCementum
Cementum
 
Tooth eruption theories
Tooth eruption theoriesTooth eruption theories
Tooth eruption theories
 
Theories of tooth eruption
Theories of tooth eruptionTheories of tooth eruption
Theories of tooth eruption
 
gingiva
 gingiva gingiva
gingiva
 
Pulp calcification
Pulp calcificationPulp calcification
Pulp calcification
 
Fundamentals in tooth preparation (conservative dentistry)
Fundamentals in tooth preparation (conservative dentistry)Fundamentals in tooth preparation (conservative dentistry)
Fundamentals in tooth preparation (conservative dentistry)
 
Alveolar bone
Alveolar bone Alveolar bone
Alveolar bone
 
Periodantal ligament
Periodantal ligamentPeriodantal ligament
Periodantal ligament
 
Direct & indirect retainers in rpd
Direct & indirect retainers in rpdDirect & indirect retainers in rpd
Direct & indirect retainers in rpd
 

Semelhante a periodontal ligament

3.periodontal ligament Dr.Manisha
3.periodontal ligament Dr.Manisha3.periodontal ligament Dr.Manisha
3.periodontal ligament Dr.ManishaManishaDeol1
 
Periodontal ligament
Periodontal ligamentPeriodontal ligament
Periodontal ligamentAbdul Jabir
 
PDL, Cementum & Alveolar Bone
PDL, Cementum & Alveolar BonePDL, Cementum & Alveolar Bone
PDL, Cementum & Alveolar BoneDr.Fiza Barakzai
 
Periodontal ligament
Periodontal ligamentPeriodontal ligament
Periodontal ligamentAlbie Kamait
 
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENTPERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENTnihar arya
 
Periodontium
PeriodontiumPeriodontium
PeriodontiumUE
 
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptx
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptxPERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptx
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptxAdishPhulaware
 
Perio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptx
Perio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptxPerio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptx
Perio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptxxhp42bznhf
 
Development of periodontium
Development of periodontiumDevelopment of periodontium
Development of periodontiumFatima Gilani
 
Periodontal ligament future
Periodontal ligament futurePeriodontal ligament future
Periodontal ligament futureddert
 
1 ayesha-periodontal ligament
1 ayesha-periodontal ligament1 ayesha-periodontal ligament
1 ayesha-periodontal ligamentDr Ayesha Taha
 
1 periodontal ligament future
1  periodontal ligament future1  periodontal ligament future
1 periodontal ligament futureMoHamed MaGdy
 
periodontal ligaments
periodontal ligaments periodontal ligaments
periodontal ligaments ssuser15e5d9
 
Periodontal ligament space/ dental implant courses
Periodontal ligament space/ dental implant coursesPeriodontal ligament space/ dental implant courses
Periodontal ligament space/ dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
 
Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...
Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...
Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Indian dental academy
 

Semelhante a periodontal ligament (20)

Periodontal Ligament
 Periodontal Ligament Periodontal Ligament
Periodontal Ligament
 
PDL.pptx
PDL.pptxPDL.pptx
PDL.pptx
 
3.periodontal ligament Dr.Manisha
3.periodontal ligament Dr.Manisha3.periodontal ligament Dr.Manisha
3.periodontal ligament Dr.Manisha
 
Periodontal ligament
Periodontal ligamentPeriodontal ligament
Periodontal ligament
 
PDL, Cementum & Alveolar Bone
PDL, Cementum & Alveolar BonePDL, Cementum & Alveolar Bone
PDL, Cementum & Alveolar Bone
 
Periodontal ligament
Periodontal ligamentPeriodontal ligament
Periodontal ligament
 
Periodontal ligament
Periodontal ligamentPeriodontal ligament
Periodontal ligament
 
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENTPERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
 
Periodontium
PeriodontiumPeriodontium
Periodontium
 
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptx
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptxPERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptx
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.pptx
 
Normal periodontium
Normal periodontiumNormal periodontium
Normal periodontium
 
Perio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptx
Perio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptxPerio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptx
Perio Dentistry Year 2 PERIODONTIUM II.pptx
 
Development of periodontium
Development of periodontiumDevelopment of periodontium
Development of periodontium
 
Periodontal ligament future
Periodontal ligament futurePeriodontal ligament future
Periodontal ligament future
 
1 ayesha-periodontal ligament
1 ayesha-periodontal ligament1 ayesha-periodontal ligament
1 ayesha-periodontal ligament
 
1 periodontal ligament future
1  periodontal ligament future1  periodontal ligament future
1 periodontal ligament future
 
periodontal ligaments
periodontal ligaments periodontal ligaments
periodontal ligaments
 
Periodontal ligament space/ dental implant courses
Periodontal ligament space/ dental implant coursesPeriodontal ligament space/ dental implant courses
Periodontal ligament space/ dental implant courses
 
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT-Dr.Mary Joseph.pptx
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT-Dr.Mary Joseph.pptxPERIODONTAL LIGAMENT-Dr.Mary Joseph.pptx
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT-Dr.Mary Joseph.pptx
 
Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...
Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...
Chemical mediators /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental acad...
 

Mais de Dr.Jaffar Raza BDS

Mais de Dr.Jaffar Raza BDS (20)

Defense mechanisms of gingiva
Defense mechanisms of gingivaDefense mechanisms of gingiva
Defense mechanisms of gingiva
 
Periodontal Indices
Periodontal IndicesPeriodontal Indices
Periodontal Indices
 
cementum
cementumcementum
cementum
 
003.biology of periodontal tissues
003.biology of periodontal tissues003.biology of periodontal tissues
003.biology of periodontal tissues
 
Periodontal plastic surgery
Periodontal plastic surgeryPeriodontal plastic surgery
Periodontal plastic surgery
 
Periodontal indices
Periodontal indicesPeriodontal indices
Periodontal indices
 
The trimeric model of periodontal treatment planning
The trimeric model of periodontal treatment planningThe trimeric model of periodontal treatment planning
The trimeric model of periodontal treatment planning
 
Jaypee mini atlas series periodontics
Jaypee mini atlas series periodonticsJaypee mini atlas series periodontics
Jaypee mini atlas series periodontics
 
periodontal pocket
periodontal pocketperiodontal pocket
periodontal pocket
 
02 alveolar bone
02 alveolar bone02 alveolar bone
02 alveolar bone
 
04.acute gingival infections
04.acute gingival infections04.acute gingival infections
04.acute gingival infections
 
Classification of gingival & periodontal diseases
Classification of gingival & periodontal diseasesClassification of gingival & periodontal diseases
Classification of gingival & periodontal diseases
 
08.amalgam
08.amalgam08.amalgam
08.amalgam
 
015.obturation of root canal
015.obturation of root canal015.obturation of root canal
015.obturation of root canal
 
014.irrigation and intracanal medicaments
014.irrigation and intracanal  medicaments014.irrigation and intracanal  medicaments
014.irrigation and intracanal medicaments
 
013.working length determination
013.working length determination013.working length determination
013.working length determination
 
012. access cavity preparation
012. access cavity preparation012. access cavity preparation
012. access cavity preparation
 
011.composites
011.composites011.composites
011.composites
 
010.complex amalgam restoration
010.complex amalgam restoration010.complex amalgam restoration
010.complex amalgam restoration
 
09.amalgam cavity designs
09.amalgam cavity designs09.amalgam cavity designs
09.amalgam cavity designs
 

Último

Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health CommunicationsUsing Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communicationskatiequigley33
 
AORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissection
AORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissectionAORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissection
AORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissectiondrhanifmohdali
 
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacologypA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacologyDeepakDaniel9
 
Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.
Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.
Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.aarjukhadka22
 
"Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio...
"Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio..."Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio...
"Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio...Sujoy Dasgupta
 
SGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA .pdf
SGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA    .pdfSGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA    .pdf
SGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA .pdfHongBiThi1
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondSujoy Dasgupta
 
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functionsAUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functionsMedicoseAcademics
 
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...Shubhanshu Gaurav
 
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxBasic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxkomalt2001
 
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.Vaikunthan Rajaratnam
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfHongBiThi1
 
How to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturally
How to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturallyHow to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturally
How to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturallyZurück zum Ursprung
 
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfSGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfHongBiThi1
 
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung functionEXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung functionkrishnareddy157915
 
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdfCONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdfDolisha Warbi
 
Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.
Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.
Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.kishan singh tomar
 
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismuspower point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismusChandrasekar Reddy
 
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)kishan singh tomar
 
Role of Soap based and synthetic or syndets bar
Role of  Soap based and synthetic or syndets barRole of  Soap based and synthetic or syndets bar
Role of Soap based and synthetic or syndets barmohitRahangdale
 

Último (20)

Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health CommunicationsUsing Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
 
AORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissection
AORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissectionAORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissection
AORTIC DISSECTION and management of aortic dissection
 
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacologypA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
 
Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.
Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.
Bulimia nervosa ( Eating Disorders) Mental Health Nursing.
 
"Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio...
"Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio..."Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio...
"Radical excision of DIE in subferile women with deep infiltrating endometrio...
 
SGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA .pdf
SGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA    .pdfSGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA    .pdf
SGK NGẠT NƯỚC ĐHYHN RẤT LÀ HAY NHA .pdf
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
 
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functionsAUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
 
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
 
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxBasic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
 
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
 
How to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturally
How to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturallyHow to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturally
How to cure cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis naturally
 
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfSGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
 
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung functionEXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
 
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdfCONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
 
Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.
Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.
Different drug regularity bodies in different countries.
 
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismuspower point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismus
 
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
 
Role of Soap based and synthetic or syndets bar
Role of  Soap based and synthetic or syndets barRole of  Soap based and synthetic or syndets bar
Role of Soap based and synthetic or syndets bar
 

periodontal ligament

  • 1. Periodontal Ligament By: Dr Jaffar Raza Lecturer: Periodontology
  • 2. • Periodontal ligament is the soft, specialized connective tissue situated between the cementum covering the root of the tooth and bone forming the socket wall
  • 3. • Its width ranges from 0.15 to 0.38 mm. • Periodontal ligament’s shape is like an hourglass apicocoronally. • Periodontal ligament is thinnest at the axis of rotation in the middle and widens coronally and apically
  • 4. • As the crown approaches the oral mucosa during tooth eruption, the fibroblasts of dental follicle become active and start producing collagen fibrils. • These fibers initially lack orientation, but they soon acquire an orientation oblique to the tooth. • The first collagen bundles appear in the region immediately apical to the cementoenamel junction and give rise to the gingivodental fiber groups. • As tooth eruption progresses, additional oblique fibers appear and become attached to the newly formed cementum and bone. • The transseptal and alveolar crest fibers develop when the tooth merges into the oral cavity. • Alveolar bone deposition occurs simultaneously with periodontal ligament organization. Development
  • 5. • During eruption, cemental Sharpey’s fibers appear first, followed by Sharpey’s fibers emerging from bone. • Sharpey’s fibers of bone are fewer in number and more widely spaced than those emerging from the cementum. • At a later stage, alveolar fibers extend into the middle zone to join the lengthening cemental fibers and attain their classic orientation, thickness and strength when occlusal function is established.
  • 6. CONSTITUENTS • A. Periodontal ligament fibers • B. Cellular elements • C. Ground substances i. Glycosaminoglycans ii. Glycoproteins
  • 7. Periodontal Ligament Fibers • Mainly collagen and oxytalan fibres • Elastic fibers are present only in the wall of blood vessels • Oxytalan are immature elastic fiber they support the blood vessels of periodontal ligament.
  • 8. Collagen • Types I, III,V, VI, XII of collagen are present in periodontal ligament • Collagen is synthesized by fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts, odontoblasts and other cells • It is secreted in an inactive form called as procollagen  converted into tropocollagen polymerized into collagen fibrils aggregated into collagen bundles by the formation of crosslinkages. • There is rapid turnover rate of periodontal ligament collagen, with half life of only 10 – 15 days, which is about 5 times faster than gingival collagen.
  • 9. Principal fibers of periodontal ligament • 1. Transseptal group Functions: • Reconstructed even after destruction of the alveolar bone has occurred in the periodontal disease. • Responsible for returning teeth to their original state after orthodontic therapy. Position: • Extends interproximally over alveolar bone crest and embedded in the cementum of adjacent teeth
  • 10. Principal fibers of periodontal ligament 2. Alveolar crest group • Functions: (i) Prevent extrusion (ii) Prevent lateral tooth movements • Position: Extends obliquely from the cementum just beneath the junctional epithelium to the alveolar crest.
  • 11. Principal fibers of periodontal ligament 3. Horizontal group Position: Extends at right angles to the long axis of the tooth from cementum to alveolar bone.
  • 12. Principal fibers of periodontal ligament 4. Oblique group Functions: (i) Bear vertical masticatory stresses (ii) Transform vertical stress into tension on the alveolar bone. Position: Extends from the cementum in a coronal direction obliquely to the bone.
  • 13. Principal fibers of periodontal ligament 5. Apical group Functions: (i) Prevents tooth tipping (ii) Resists luxation (iii) Protects neurovascular supply to the tooth. Position: It radiates in irregular fashion from cementum to bone at apical region of socket.
  • 14. Principal fibers of periodontal ligament 6. Interradicular group Functions: (i) Prevents luxation (ii) Prevents tooth tipping and torquing. Position: Found only between roots of multirooted tooth running from cementum into bone, forming crest of interradicular septum.
  • 15. Sharpey’s fibers • The ends of the periodontal fibers that are embedded in alveolar bone and cementum are called Sharpey’s fibers. • On the cementum side these Sharpey’s fibers are much thinner in diameter and insert at closer intervals as compared with the alveolar bone side
  • 17. Ground Substance • It is an amorphous, nonfibrous and noncellular matrix which forms the major constituent of the periodontal ligament. • Ground substance helps in the transportation of water, electrolytes, nutrients and metabolites to and from the connective tissue cells, thus is essential for the maintenance of the normal function of connective tissue. • It is thought to have a significant effect on the tooth’s ability to withstand stress loads.
  • 19. blood supply of periodontal ligament • The blood supply is derived from the inferior and superior alveolar arteries and reaches the periodontal ligament from 3 sources: (i) Apical vessels (ii) Penetrating vessels from the alveolar bone (iii) Anastomosing vessels from the gingiva • They are present in the interstitial spaces of loose connective tissue between the principal fibres which runs longitudinally connected in the net like plexus closer to the bone than cementum. • The capillaries of periodontal ligament are fenestrated while in other connective tissues they are continuous. Due to fenestration, they have greater ability of diffusion and filtration which is related to high metabolic requirements of periodontal ligament and its high rate of turnover.