Overview of Venture Capital in 2020 (Europe vs. US, Secondary Market, SaaS multiples, etc)

3. Notable
Portfolio
Unicorns
30 683 33
VC Fund
Investments
Underlying Portfolio
Companies
Countries
Isomer is a private investment firm based in London and
focused exclusively on European Venture Capital.
We back technology-enabled entrepreneurs across Europe
through primary and secondary investments in venture
capital funds and company co-investments.
www.isomercapital.com

4. The European Opportunity in Technology Venture Capital
Source:: Atomico, Cambridge Associates as at Q1 2019, Dealroom.co
5.57% 7.57%
13.48%
36.41%
58.64%
Bloomberg Barclays
Capital
Government/Credit
Bond Index
Russell 2000 Index US Private Equity Index US Venture Capital
Index
US Venture Capital -
Early Stage Index
Venture Capital Delivered
Strong Returns Over 25 Years
(as of Q4 2019)
Companies
newly
exceeding
$1bn
valuation in
this year
Ongoing
unicorns
Strong Growth in European $bn+ Startup
Generation, Despite Lower Funding Rates
3
4 6 8 11
22
32
48
59
85
2 2 3 11
10
16
11
26
14
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
8.7%
14.0%
10.5%
14.3%
10.9%
5.0%
12.5%
19.3%
14.2%
16.1%
11.0%
8.0%
1-Year 3-Year 5-Year 10-Year 15 - Year 20-Year
Cambridge Associates US VC Index Cambridge Associates Europe Developed VC Index
European Venture is Outperforming US Over 20 Years
Horizon Pooled Return (Net) US vs Europe (as of Q4 2019)
Rising Activity & Deal Value

5. VC Secondaries Market Growing in Size and Attractiveness
Secondary Market Annual Volume = Total Stock * %Trading
• Total Stock of assets
• The sum of all fund and company interests.
• This has been increasing each year as the VC market grows, and holding periods lengthen
• % of Assets Trading
• The amount of total asset stock bought and sold
• This has also been increasing due to sectoral and cyclical factors
• Sophisticated liquidity tool: LPs increasingly use the secondary market to rebalance
• Timing and Staging: early investors seek monitisation before full exit
• Cyclically: in economic down cycles investors rebalance and consolidate more
Secondaries During Covid-19
• Increased opportunities as some LPs look for short-term liquidity. Many currently testing market
pricing, investigating options
• Discounts at 20-30% NAV, possibly to increase over the coming year
• Specialist knowledge needed to purchase these assets wisely, uncover key asset/special situation details

7. Seed A B C LATER-STAGE IPOs / Big ExitsSTAGE
TIME
LIQUIDITY
C
A
A
A
B
B
3Y2Y1Y 4Y 5Y 6Y 9Y8Y7Y 10Y + beyond
Buy fund secondary
@ 25-50% discount
D
C
B
D
“Buy Unicorns on Sale”
Invest in VC funds that are already winning
“Skip the J-Curve”
Avoid the first 5 years of risky bets
FUNDS
COMPANIES
VALUE
RISK

8. 3Y 4Y2Y1Y 5Y 6YTIME 7Y 8Y 11Y 12Y10Y9Y 13Y 14Y 15Y
7 year vehicle
1X
Faster return
of principal
10-15 year vehicle
Better
performance
0.5X
3-5X
1-2X
VC Fund
Secondary
Typical
VC Fund
Benefits: Faster Growth, Faster Liquidity

9. What’s the Difference between Fund Secondary and Company Secondary?
DIVERSIFIED: less risk exposure
LESS COMPETITIVE: less activity, fewer buyers
BIGGER DISCOUNTS: 25 - 50%
D
B
D
C
B
C
Company (Direct) SecondaryFund Secondary
CONCENTRATED: more risk exposure
MORE COMPETITIVE: more buyers and sellers
SMALLER DISCOUNTS: 0 - 20%
FUND
COMPANIES
SLICE of LP interests across PORTFOLIO Equity stake in a SINGLE COMPANY
D
C
B
PVC advantage

10. Why are Discounts BIGGER for Fund Secondary than Company Secondary?
D
C
B
Fewer Buyers, More Arbitrage
Because there are fewer buyers specializing in Fund
Secondary and because many sellers are competing
for liquidity, buyers have greater leverage relative to
sellers. Fund Secondary is a buyer’s market.
Basket of Assets, Harder to Value
Fund Secondary is often heavily discounted because
it’s more complex to evaluate a basket of assets
than just a single company. As former managers and
LPs in over 40 venture funds, PVC has extensive
experience evaluating multi-asset portfolios.
Fund Secondary is a
buyer’s market…
but only for buyers
who know what
they’re doing.
Unicorns Matter, Horses Discounted
Larger companies close to IPO or acquisition are in
greater demand; smaller companies that are still
growing are in less demand. Multi-asset portfolios
are valued primarily based on current unicorns;
future unicorns and other non-IPO winners are more
heavily discounted.

11. LPs and GPs need
liquidity and partners
for multiple reasons
(not just distress).
Why do LPs and GPs Sell Winning Portfolios Early?
• HNWIs and family offices need liquidity when change happens (death, divorce, retirement)
• Corporate LPs change strategy every few years, just as CEOs/CFOs come and go
• LPs may need liquidity when purchasing a major asset (e.g., real estate)
• Market volatility and uncertainty may increase the need for cash
Non-institutional LPs may sell because:
• Sell a portion to show realized gains as they raise their next fund
• Sell to generate cash for operational expenses, recycling, or distributions
• Sell to hedge and take (some) money off the table
• Partner (raise capital) to exercise pro-rata rights
• Partner (co-invest) to increase investment in follow-on rounds
Early-stage GPs may sell (or partner):

12. Secondary Market Growth: Venture Capital vs. Private Equity
PE Secondary: 10x Growth from 2000 to 2020
VC Secondary: 10x Growth from 2010 to 2030
2000 2020201520102005 2025 2030
$10B
$100B$100B
$36B$26B
Dot-com
crash
US financial
crisis
EUR
sovereign
debt crisis
China-US
Trade War /
CFIUS /
Coronavirus
$10B
Company Secondary
(Direct)
VC Fund
Secondary

14. EV/LTMMultiple(Median)
PVC SaaS Index Shows SaaS Multiples Expanding
6.0x
6.5x
6.0x
5.7x
4.6x
4.9x
5.8x
6.4x
6.8x 7.3x
7.2x
8.1x
9.0x 9.3x
7.3x
9.1x 9.4x
9.1x
8.4x
7.3x
10.7x
6.6x
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
0.0x
2.0x
4.0x
6.0x
8.0x
10.0x
12.0x
14.0x
16.0x

15. SaaS Performance 2020 YTD
YOYgrowth
FCF margin
40%
40%
300%
80%
20% 60%-20% 0%
0%
“SaaS Rule of 40”
– Brad Feld et al.
A software company’s growth rate plus its operating margin should add up to 40%
(i.e., 10-20x multiples on revenue). Faster growth mean less profitability.

16. SaaS Performance 2020 YTD
An entire public index is trading above the “Rule of 40.”
YOYgrowth
FCF margin
40%
40%
300%
80%
20% 60%-20% 0%
0%

17. Source: PVC analysis of US Retail Spending data from the US Commerce Department eCommerce
Sales (www.digitalcommerce360.com/article/us-ecommerce-sales)
Groceries • Personal Care • Medication • Teleheath •
Office Supplies • Electronics • School Supplies / Education
US eCommerce has leapt forward by 5 years.
Bankruptcies
Winners
6.4%
7.2%
8.0%
8.8%
9.7%
10.7%
11.8%
13.2%
14.4%
16.0%
25-30%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020E
Ecommerce: Large, Underpenetrated Market

18. SaaS: Large, Underpenetrated Market
Source: Flexera 2020 “State of Tech” report
• SaaS / cloud-spend just 25% of total IT spend as at end 2019;
COVID is accelerating market share gains
• SaaS > on-premises software
• Generational leap in SaaS model:
• Gen 1 (Salesforce, Oracle, ServiceNow) – sell seats to people at
Fortune 200; displacing ASPs. Gated by enterprise decision-making.
• Gen 2 (DocuSign, Zendesk, Zoom, Asana, Slack) – sell streamlined
subscriptions at lower prices, allowing micro-adoption; expanded
TAM to mid-market
• Gen 3 (Twilio, Stripe, Anaplan, Zuora) – APIs shift the competitive
frontier to transaction-based pricing, automating processes inside of
companies and mini-departments
• Ceiling could be 50%? 60%? Or higher?
Cloud-based IT spend is still growing.
25% total IT spend
Other
SaaS
IaaS / PaaS
22%
53%
7%
18%
On-Premises Software

19. Drivers of Market Expansion
* Federal Release H.4.1 — Factors Affecting Reserve Balances; Table 1
** https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYFSGDA188S
$0
$1
$2
$3
$4
$5
$6
$7
$8
1-Aug-07
1-Feb-08
1-Aug-08
1-Feb-09
1-Aug-09
1-Feb-10
1-Aug-10
1-Feb-11
1-Aug-11
1-Feb-12
1-Aug-12
1-Feb-13
1-Aug-13
1-Feb-14
1-Aug-14
1-Feb-15
1-Aug-15
1-Feb-16
1-Aug-16
1-Feb-17
1-Aug-17
1-Feb-18
1-Aug-18
1-Feb-19
1-Aug-19
1-Feb-20
1-Aug-20
Total Assets Held by the US Federal Reserve *
Trillions(USD)
2008
2009
2010
2019
2018
2012
2016
2013
2014
2015
2017
2020
-16%
-14%
-12%
-10%
-8%
-6%
-4%
-2%
0%
2%
4%
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2011
-5.1%
-0.3%
-1.4%
-4.9%
-3.2%
-0.6%
-1.6%
1976
1980
1984
2016
2012
1992
2004
1996
2000
2008
2020
1988
1968
1972
1960
1964
Federal Deficit as a % of GDP **
-0.3%
US recession
GDP peak to trough
GDP