2. ۱۳۹۸ بهمن ۲ ۸۹۳۱ نمهبتأمین زنجیره در آن کاربردهای و بلوک زنجیره فناوری - صنایع مهندسی المللی بین کنفرانس شانزدهمین۲ ۸۹۳۱ نمهب
بیتکوینبیتکوینبیتکوینبیتکوین
?
Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System
Satoshi Nakamoto
satoshin@gmx.com
www.bitcoin.org
Abstract. A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online
payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a
financial institution. Digital signatures provide part of the solution, but the main
benefits are lost if a trusted third party is still required to prevent double-spending. We
propose a solution to the double-spending problem using a peer-to-peer network. The
work timestamps transactions by hashing them into an ongoing chain of hash-
record that cannot be changed without redoing the
the sequence of events
8. ۱۳۹۸ بهمن ۲ ۸۹۳۱ نمهبتأمین زنجیره در آن کاربردهای و بلوک زنجیره فناوری - صنایع مهندسی المللی بین کنفرانس شانزدهمین۸
سازممثالازتابعدرهسازممثالازتابعدره
My name is Sadegh => b01b4d18960a417f37f15d070ee3c8504362710a
My name is Sadegh1 => 3b117e0eff8fb08d3c802762eb6ed137ea5aeffb
My name is Sadegh2 => 859bbe60bbd5275139419f39d2b95ffe995a185f
My name is Sadegh3 => 2626faaef5be2a4e7608bb3077516655333486cb
My name is Ali => b9551b8debf174e9a3a730277a18c84ca5ea5338
My name is Reza => 8e80730ebe762eccb8f58101ef5c684e9626f8e4
My name is AliReza => 6ebc3e7aba834fb18753e3d755c92de99868b7cd
( بهمنی اثرAvalanche:).کندمی هجادیا خروجی در اساسی تغییرات ،جزئی بسیار ولو ،ورودی در تغییر
35. ۱۳۹۸ بهمن ۲ ۸۹۳۱ نمهبتأمین زنجیره در آن کاربردهای و بلوک زنجیره فناوری - صنایع مهندسی المللی بین کنفرانس شانزدهمین۳۵
منابعومراجعتکمیلیمنابعومراجعتکمیلی
· G. Blossey, J. Eisenhardt, and G. Hahn, “Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management: An
Application Perspective,” presented at the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Wailea,
Hawaii, 2019, pp. 6885–6893. DOI: 10.24251/HICSS.2019.824
· M. Montecchi, K. Plangger, and M. Etter, “It’s Real, Trust Me! Establishing Supply Chain Provenance
Using Blockchain,” Business Horizons, vol. 62, no. 3, 2019, pp. 283–93. DOI:
10.1016/j.bushor.2019.01.008
· J. Al-Jaroodi and N. Mohamed, “Blockchain in Industries: A Survey,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, 2019, pp.
36500–36515. DOI: 10/gfxvxx
· S. Warren, C. Wolff, and N. Hewett, “Inclusive Deployment of Blockchain for Supply Chains: Part 1 –
Introduction,” World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland, Mar. 2019.
· G. Sylvester (ed.), E-Agriculture in Action: Blockchain for Agriculture, Opportunities and Challenges, Food
and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the International Telecommunication Union,
Bangkok, Thailand, 2019.
· X. Xu et al., Architecture for Blockchain Applications, Springer Nature Switzerland, 2019.
· [Min2019] H. Min, “Blockchain technology for enhancing supply chain resilience,” Business Horizons, vol.
62, no. 1, pp. 35–45, Jan. 2019.
42. ۱۳۹۸ بهمن ۲ ۸۹۳۱ نمهبتأمین زنجیره در آن کاربردهای و بلوک زنجیره فناوری - صنایع مهندسی المللی بین کنفرانس شانزدهمین۴۲ ۸۹۳۱ نمهب
PoWBlockchainandBlockchainMiningPoWBlockchainandBlockchainMining
·Hash puzzle: In order to create a block, a node is required to brute-force andHash puzzle: In order to create a block, a node is required to brute-force and
find a suitablefind a suitable noncenonce such thatsuch that::
H(prevBlockHash || transactions ||H(prevBlockHash || transactions || noncenonce) < target) < target
-The only way to succeed is to try enough nonces one by one
·““miningmining”: process of repeatedly trying and solving these hash puzzles”: process of repeatedly trying and solving these hash puzzles
-Nodes are independently competing to solve these hash puzzles all the time
-The lucky node gets to propose the next block.
-Block proposers are called miners!
·There is nobody deciding which node will propose the next blockThere is nobody deciding which node will propose the next block!!
-The selection is random with probability proportional to computing power
-We hope that nobody can monopolize this resource!
[BitcoinBook]