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CRIME & DEVIANCE
Crime and deviance
• Definition of crime
• an action or omission that constitutes an offense
that may be prosecuted by the state and is
punishable by law.
• Definition of deviance
• Norms are rules and expectations by which members of
society are conventionally guided. Deviance is an absence
of conformity to these norms. Social norms differ from
culture to culture. For example, a deviant act can be
committed in one society that breaks a social norm there,
but may be normal for another society.
Crime & Deviance-Differentiation
• What is the difference between Crime and Deviance?
• • Deviance is violation of social norms whereas crime is violation of
laws of the land.
• • Agents of control for deviance are societal pressure and fear of
Gods whereas agents of control for crime are police and judiciary.
• • Society has no coercive power to deal with deviance but
governments have the power of punishment to tackle crime.
• • Deviance can be criminal or non criminal, but crime is always
criminal in nature.
• • Many behaviors that were crimes earlier have today become
deviant behaviors.
• • Violation of law makes deviance a crime.
• • Deviance is not considered as severe as a crime.
Crime and deviance
DEVIANCE: BEHAVIOR, BELIEFS OR CONDITIONS THAT
VIOLATE CULTURAL NORMS
NO ACT OR BELIEF IS INHERENTLY DEVIANT
• RELATIVE TO TIME AND CULTURE
• SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED
Crime and deviance
• FUNCTIONALIST VIEW OF DEVIANCE
DURKHEIM
• DEVIANCE OCCURS IN ALL SOCIETIES
• DEVIANCE CLARIFIES RULES
• DEVIANCE UNITES A GROUP
• DEVIANCE PROMOTES SOCIAL CHANGE
Primary and Secondary DeviancePrimary and Secondary Deviance
Social
reaction
THE
LABELING
PROCESS
Deviance
amplification
DeviantDeviant
subculturesubculture
Self-Self-
labelinglabeling
Degradation
Ceremonies
NegativeNegative
LabelLabel
DeviantDeviant
actact
Secondary
deviance
Crime and deviance
causation of crime
• Overpopulation
• Poverty
• Polictics
• Racism
• Tv violence
• Regionalism
• Family conditions
• Depression & other
social & mental
disorders
• Drugs
• Victim of unfair
rulings and the
correction system
Crime and deviance
Deviant Behavior
Deviant Behavior
Examples
• Picking of nose in public
• Naked exposure in public
• Licking of ground
• Binge drinking
• Homicide
• Suicide
• Theft
• Robbery
• Rape
• Prostitution
Types of Deviant
Behavior
• Formal Deviance
• Informal Deviance
Crime and deviance -Types of crime
• Murder and
manslaughter
• Rape
• Robbery
• Assault
• Burglary
• Larceny-theft
• Auto theft.
Crime and deviance -Types of crime
Victimless Crimes
• Do not involve a
clearly defined
victim.
• Involve illegal
supply and
demand.
• Examples: drug
abuse, prostitution,
and illegal drinking.
Crime and deviance- Mauritius
highlights
• increased by 3% from 44,498 in 2015 to 45,801 in 2016, mainly due
to a rise in theft (+8%).
• arrested and/or cautioned in the course of criminal investigations in
2016, down by 1% from 21,648 in 2015
• The number of criminal cases lodged decreased by 6% from
122,860 in 2015 to 115,287 in 2016
• Out of the 3,672 adult convicts admitted to prison in 2016, 67% were
re-offenders who had been imprisoned in the past, regardless of any
observation period.
• The number of offenders subjected to community service orders
increased by 15% from 487 in 2015 to 558 in 2016.
Crime and deviance .
Factors contributing to crime in mauritius
• Large underclass
• Urban areas in which the
poorest and wealthiest
live in close proximity
• Racism and
discrimination
• Failure of the educational
system
• Troubled family
• Alcohol & drug abuse
Criminal Justice System
police courts corrections
Crime and deviance
Crime and deviance-Health hazards
• Long terms effects
• Most people do not
suffer any sort of long
term effect after being
a victim of crime
• however if some
victim of trauma is not
addressed the effects
can escalate
Crime and deviance-Health hazards
• Major depression
• Thoughts of suicide & suicide attempts
• Use & abuse of alcohol & other drugs
• Ongoing problems with relationships
• Anxiety disorders
• A changing view of the world as a safe
place
• Increased risk of further victimization
Crime and deviance-Health hazards
Strategies for Reducing Crime
Crime and deviance
1. Reduce social inequality and poverty.
2. Replace low-wage jobs with jobs that pay
a living wage.
3. Prevent child abuse and neglect.
4. Increase the social and economic
stability of communities.
5. Improve education in all communities.
Crime rate in mauritius-
come on , roll up your sleeves
• CONCLUSION
• Are we too familliar to crimes ?

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Crime and deviance

  • 2. Crime and deviance • Definition of crime • an action or omission that constitutes an offense that may be prosecuted by the state and is punishable by law. • Definition of deviance • Norms are rules and expectations by which members of society are conventionally guided. Deviance is an absence of conformity to these norms. Social norms differ from culture to culture. For example, a deviant act can be committed in one society that breaks a social norm there, but may be normal for another society.
  • 3. Crime & Deviance-Differentiation • What is the difference between Crime and Deviance? • • Deviance is violation of social norms whereas crime is violation of laws of the land. • • Agents of control for deviance are societal pressure and fear of Gods whereas agents of control for crime are police and judiciary. • • Society has no coercive power to deal with deviance but governments have the power of punishment to tackle crime. • • Deviance can be criminal or non criminal, but crime is always criminal in nature. • • Many behaviors that were crimes earlier have today become deviant behaviors. • • Violation of law makes deviance a crime. • • Deviance is not considered as severe as a crime.
  • 4. Crime and deviance DEVIANCE: BEHAVIOR, BELIEFS OR CONDITIONS THAT VIOLATE CULTURAL NORMS NO ACT OR BELIEF IS INHERENTLY DEVIANT • RELATIVE TO TIME AND CULTURE • SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED
  • 5. Crime and deviance • FUNCTIONALIST VIEW OF DEVIANCE DURKHEIM • DEVIANCE OCCURS IN ALL SOCIETIES • DEVIANCE CLARIFIES RULES • DEVIANCE UNITES A GROUP • DEVIANCE PROMOTES SOCIAL CHANGE
  • 6. Primary and Secondary DeviancePrimary and Secondary Deviance Social reaction THE LABELING PROCESS Deviance amplification DeviantDeviant subculturesubculture Self-Self- labelinglabeling Degradation Ceremonies NegativeNegative LabelLabel DeviantDeviant actact Secondary deviance
  • 7. Crime and deviance causation of crime • Overpopulation • Poverty • Polictics • Racism • Tv violence • Regionalism • Family conditions • Depression & other social & mental disorders • Drugs • Victim of unfair rulings and the correction system
  • 8. Crime and deviance Deviant Behavior Deviant Behavior Examples • Picking of nose in public • Naked exposure in public • Licking of ground • Binge drinking • Homicide • Suicide • Theft • Robbery • Rape • Prostitution Types of Deviant Behavior • Formal Deviance • Informal Deviance
  • 9. Crime and deviance -Types of crime • Murder and manslaughter • Rape • Robbery • Assault • Burglary • Larceny-theft • Auto theft.
  • 10. Crime and deviance -Types of crime Victimless Crimes • Do not involve a clearly defined victim. • Involve illegal supply and demand. • Examples: drug abuse, prostitution, and illegal drinking.
  • 11. Crime and deviance- Mauritius highlights • increased by 3% from 44,498 in 2015 to 45,801 in 2016, mainly due to a rise in theft (+8%). • arrested and/or cautioned in the course of criminal investigations in 2016, down by 1% from 21,648 in 2015 • The number of criminal cases lodged decreased by 6% from 122,860 in 2015 to 115,287 in 2016 • Out of the 3,672 adult convicts admitted to prison in 2016, 67% were re-offenders who had been imprisoned in the past, regardless of any observation period. • The number of offenders subjected to community service orders increased by 15% from 487 in 2015 to 558 in 2016.
  • 12. Crime and deviance . Factors contributing to crime in mauritius • Large underclass • Urban areas in which the poorest and wealthiest live in close proximity • Racism and discrimination • Failure of the educational system • Troubled family • Alcohol & drug abuse
  • 13. Criminal Justice System police courts corrections
  • 15. Crime and deviance-Health hazards • Long terms effects • Most people do not suffer any sort of long term effect after being a victim of crime • however if some victim of trauma is not addressed the effects can escalate
  • 16. Crime and deviance-Health hazards • Major depression • Thoughts of suicide & suicide attempts • Use & abuse of alcohol & other drugs • Ongoing problems with relationships • Anxiety disorders • A changing view of the world as a safe place • Increased risk of further victimization
  • 18. Strategies for Reducing Crime Crime and deviance 1. Reduce social inequality and poverty. 2. Replace low-wage jobs with jobs that pay a living wage. 3. Prevent child abuse and neglect. 4. Increase the social and economic stability of communities. 5. Improve education in all communities.
  • 19. Crime rate in mauritius- come on , roll up your sleeves • CONCLUSION • Are we too familliar to crimes ?