4. Do: Use Active Voice
subject verb
subject verb
Active voice = the subject does the action:
The cat shredded the toilet paper.
The students planned the ceremony.
Tonya cooked dinner.
5. Do: Use Active Voice
Passive voice = the subject receives action:
The toilet paper was shredded by the cat.
The ceremony was planned by the students .
Dinner was cooked by Tonya.
7. Do: Appeal to the audience
Comedians make everyday topics appealing to an
audience.
Anticipate the reader’s reactions to each section of
your essay.
14. Do: Write concise sentences
No The type of student in ENG 112 class is
one who writes essays that are formal and
academic.
Yes An ENG 112 student writes formal,
academic essays.
16. Do: Vary your sentence length
Use short sentences to
emphasize important ideas.
• Long long long long long long long long long long long long
long; long, long long long long. Short short short short.
Long long long long long long long long long long long
long.
Give your audience occasional breaks
from long sentences.
18. Do: Follow all assignment guidelines
Instructors expect students to
follow all assignment
guidelines.
I think I’ll just make
up my own
assignment!
Bad idea!!
23. Do: Use concrete, vivid descriptions
People have different concepts of what a “pigsty” is.
24. Do: Use concrete, vivid descriptions
When writing, merely saying, “The room
was a pigsty” is not enough to
convince your audience that you do indeed
have a true pigsty on your hands.
25. Do: Use concrete, vivid descriptions
•Pigsty = the room had not
been vacuumed or
dusted in a week.
•Pigsty = 3 rumpled outfits
on the bed and a spilled
make-up bag on the
dresser
FACT: Not all pigsties are created equal.
26. Pigsty = Ten years of brittle,
yellowed papers were piled on
the floor.
Pizza boxes created makeshift
tables for stacks of moldy fried
chicken bones.
The furniture dancing with
insects, and each drawer had a
beard of dust.
Do: Use concrete, vivid descriptions
32. Do not: Use clichés
•Don’t judge a book by its cover
•Last but not least
•What goes around comes around
•Sick as a dog
•Sweet as honey
•Old as the hills
(Many clichés exist…
these are just examples)
36. Do not: Use “you”
Q: What’s wrong with “YOU”?
A: It does not apply to everyone, and
therefore writers exclude many of
their readers.
37. Do not: Use “you”
Who, ME?
When you
put on your fluffy wings,
you feel at peace.
The snowflakes hitting
your body
make you
feel pretty and sparkly.
38. Do not: Use “you”
Who, ME?
Seeing a sign like this makes
you wonder why people would
dislike you just because you are
a shaven head child pick
pocket.
Perhaps you should wear a
disguise so you don’t look like
the picture on the sign.
39. Do not: Use “you”
Who, ME?When you pose for a
family portrait in
Winnie the Pooh
costumes, you may
be surprised at the
reactions people
have to your
photo….
42. Do not: Use Weak Fillers
Weak Fillers=
There are
There were
There is
There was
This is
This was
It is
It was
Do not rely upon
these weak fillers to
begin your sentences.
43. •No There are many different classes offered at TCC.
•Yes TCC offers many different classes.
Do not: Use Weak Fillers
44. No It is necessary for employees to lock their desks.
Yes Employees must lock their desks.
Do not: Use Weak Fillers
It is
49. Do not: Use 5th grade words
AVOID the word:
thing(s)
(use a noun/say what you mean)
50. Thing / Things
Many things in the room look dirty.
I studied the wrong thing for the
test.
We learned many things in class.
items
information for the
facts
new ideas
52. Get / Got
John got many gifts for Christmas.
The ambulance got here quickly.
When I get back, we should talk.
Sophia got her shoes online.
received many
arrived
return,
bought
58. Do not: Use “very”
“Very” adds nothing to a description.
•In order to show intensity, use
stronger words or figures of speech.
Very, very,
very hot!
59. His skin was
very dry.
His skin was so dry
that he looked like a
shedding snake.
dry skin
very
very
Do not: Use “very”
60. If someone is confused, he/she is confused.
(Adding “very” does not change anything!)
very
Do not: Use “very”
61. Use a stronger word and avoid “very”
Very tired
Exhausted
Do not: Use “very”
62. And finally, avoid the
worst opening line
ever written…
(unless your goal is to present yourself as a
dull, unsophisticated writer…)
63. This one line will destroy any
hope for impressing a college
professor with your essay…
It’s DOOM for any essay…