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M
EDICINESIN
DE
V
ELOPMENT | 20
15
REPORT
JUST THE FACTS
NEARLY
MILLION
BILLION
MEDICINES IN
DEVELOPMENT FOR
HEART DISEASE & STROKE
A REPORT ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
85.6
800,000
$320
#1
American adults living
with some form of
cardiovascular disease1
Cardiovascular disease
deaths in the United
States in 20132
The cost of cardiovascular
disease and stroke in the
United States1


Heart disease is the
leading cause of death
in the United States2
MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT | 2015 REPORT
HEART DISEASE & STROKE
IN PARTNERSHIP WITH
Nearly 200 Medicines in Development for Heart
Disease, Stroke and Other Cardiovascular Diseases
According to the American Heart
Association, someone in the United States
dies from cardiovascular disease every 40
seconds, and more than 85 million Americans
have at least one form of the disease. Heart
disease has been the leading cause of death
in the United States since 1921, but these
numbers are declining.2
Age-adjusted deaths rates (per 100,000
population) from diseases of the heart have
dropped from 412 in 1980 to 191 in 2012.2
In 2013, stroke dropped to the fifth leading
cause of death after being the third or fourth
leading cause for more than 50 years.2
While
changes in behavior and lifestyle have had a
significant impact, declining death rates from
heart disease and stroke are largely thought
to be a result of new medicines.
The future is promising: today,
biopharmaceutical research companies
are developing 190 medicines3
for two of
the nation’s leading causes of death—heart
disease and stroke—all of which are in clinical
trials or undergoing regulatory review by the
U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Therapies in the pipeline today hold promise
to build on the progress made by existing
treatments. Recent therapeutic advances in
cardiovascular disease include:
•	 New therapies for pulmonary arterial
hypertension that slow disease
progression and reduce the risk of serious
heart events associated with the disease.
•	 A first-in-class medicine to reduce
cardiovascular events in patients with
a history of heart attacks or peripheral
arterial disease.
Innovative Medicines in the Pipeline
Many of the medicines in the pipeline today use novel approaches to treat
cardiovascular disease. Among the 190 medicines in development are
potential treatments for:
ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to cardiovascular events, including
heart attack, where there is an abrupt reduction of blood flow to the
heart through the coronary arteries. An anti-inflammatory medicine
in development for the syndrome inhibits the activity of p38 mitogen
activated protein (MAP) kinase, an enzyme associated with the acute
inflammation that occurs in the blood vessels during and immediately
following an acute coronary syndrome event.
HEART FAILURE
A medicine in development to treat ischemic heart failure is a non-viral
gene therapy that targets a tissue repair and regeneration pathway in the
body. This pathway promotes cardiac function, cell survival and the repair
of injured heart tissue.
CARDIOMYOPATHY
An investigational therapeutic using RNAi (RNA interference) is targeting
the protein transthyretin (TTR) for the treatment of familial amyloid
cardiomyopathy (FAC). FAC is associated with mutations in the TTR gene
that cause the TTR protein to fold or assemble incorrectly, resulting in an
accumulation of amyloid fibril deposits in vital organs, such as the heart.
RNAi is a biological process that can be used to silence a gene and, in turn,
prevent production of the protein it encodes.
(cont from page 1)
•	 The first medicines in a new class of
cholesterol-lowering medicines that target
LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), or
“bad” cholesterol.
•	 The first in a new class of treatments for heart
failure that eases the strain on the failing heart,
reducing repeat hospitalizations and death.
The 190 medicines in development for cardiovascular
disease, including heart disease and stroke, include:
33for heart failure, which affects about 5.7 million
American adults.1
29for lipid disorders, including high cholesterol,
which affects 30.9 million American adults with
total cholesterol levels of more than 240.1
21for stroke, which affects 6.6 million
American adults.1
18for peripheral vascular diseases, including critical
limb ischemia and intermittent claudication.
12for hypertension, or high blood pressure, which
affects 80 million adults in the United States.1
12for thrombosis, a condition characterized by
coagulation or clotting of the blood in the veins
or arteries (circulatory system).
The medicines in the development pipeline today
are continuing the already remarkable progress
against heart disease and stroke, and promise
longer, healthier lives for patients suffering from
these diseases.
Some medicines are listed in more than one
category. For a complete list of the 190 medicines
in development, please visit http://phrma.org/sites/
default/files/pdf/cardiovascular-drug-list-2015.pdf.
Diversity in Clinical Trials:
ABC Clinical Trials Network
The Association of Black Cardiologists
(ABC) is a nonprofit organization with
an international membership of 1,500
health professionals, lay members of the
community (Community Health Advocates),
corporate members and institutional
members, dedicated to achieving health
equity and eliminating disparities related to
cardiovascular disease in all people of color.
The ABC Clinical Trials Network (ABC
CTN) provides investigators from multiple
specialties with unparalleled access to
clinical studies of interest while offering
industry “one-stop” access to multiple
investigators that ascribe to the same
standard of clinical trial conduct.
Comprised of investigators from a variety
of therapeutic areas, the ABC CTN was
developed to serve as a central “wheel
hub” of sorts to identify and vet clinical
trial opportunities, match investigators to
trials of interest, and provide some of the
infrastructure support that some physicians
have said they would find to be beneficial.
More information for investigators and
industry can be found here: www.abcardio.
org/memberservices_research.php.
ABC believes this is a win-win for
investigators to create or increase their flow
of research studies while reducing some of
the administrative burden and associated
costs. Patients will also have access to a
portal that offers a wealth of educational
resources as well as information about
clinical studies of interest.
ABC CTN members will enjoy a number of
benefits, such as, clinical trial training and
certification, referral to scientific leadership
opportunities, contract and budget
negotiation services, patient recruitment
and retention support, the strength of
ABC’s combined marketing and research
development to identify trials of interest,
periodic training on clinical research topics
of interest, access to therapeutic area
mentors and industry leading diversity
engagement updates.
Immediate Past President and ABC
Research Committee Chair Dr. Ola
Akinboboye said, “We are excited about
the unlimited potential of the ABC Clinical
Trials Network for many reasons, but
especially because of the opportunity to
positively impact ethnic diversity in clinical
trials, which is central to ABC’s mission.”
ABC membership is not required nor
is there a fee to join the clinical trials
network. To join, please take a few
minutes to complete the ABC CTN survey.
The purpose of this survey is to gather
information regarding clinical research
interests and capacity.
MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT | 2015 REPORT
TO COMPLETE THE ABC CTN SURVEY QUESTIONS, PLEASE VISIT:
WWW.SURVEYMONKEY.COM/S/ABCCLINICALTRIALSNETWORK
SPOTLIGHT:
Hypertension
Treatment
Research has suggested
that high blood pressure
treatment improves health
outcomes and yields
economic benefits. For
example, a study published
in 20077
used real world
evidence and mathematical
modeling to examine the
effects of antihypertensive
therapy on the number and
cost of heart attacks, strokes
and deaths. Findings from
this study indicate that
treating patients with high
blood pressure in accordance
with clinical guidelines
would result in fewer strokes
and heart attacks in 2001
resulting in:
Prevention of up to
89,000DEATHS
and
420,000
HOSPITALIZATIONS
Saving
$15.6BILLION
www.abcardio.org
MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT | 2015 REPORT
Footnotes:
1. American Heart Association
2. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, National Center for
Health Statistics
3. Number of medicines obtained
through public, government and
industry sources, and the Adis “R&D
Insight” database, Current as of
November 6, 2015.
4. Age-adjusted death rates per
100,000 based on Year 2000 US
Standard Population. 1980-1998
causes of death are classified by
the Ninth Revision International
Classification of Diseases (ICD-9).
Beginning in 1999, causes of death
are classified by the Tenth Revision
International Classification of
Diseases (ICD-10)
5. Dall TM, et al. The economic
impact of Medicare part D on
congestive heart failure, American
Journal of Managed Care, 2013;
19:S97-S100
6. Lavezzari G, Womack AW.
Industry perspectives on biomarker
qualification, Clinical Pharmacology
& Therapeutics, 2015 Sep 17
7. DM Cutler, et al. The Value
of Antihypertensive Drugs: A
Perspective on Medical Innovation,
Health Affairs, 26, no 1 (2007): 97-110
“FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE DECLINE IN HEART
DISEASE AND STROKE MORTALITY INCLUDE BETTER
CONTROL OF RISK FACTORS, IMPROVED ACCESS TO
EARLY DETECTION, AND BETTER TREATMENT AND
CARE, INCLUDING NEW DRUGS AND EXPANDED USES
FOR EXISTING DRUGS.”
Spotlight: Heart Failure
ADHERENCE AND ECONOMIC VALUE
As the prevalence and cost of heart failure increases, a recent study5
, supported by
PhRMA, found that improved adherence to medication, following the expansion of
drug coverage under Medicare Part D, led to nearly $2.3 billion in savings in Medicare
expenditures annually among beneficiaries with congestive heart failure. Despite the
improvements in adherence following Part D, medication use remains sub-optimal. The
study also found that improving adherence to recommended levels could save Medicare
another $1.9 billion annually, leading to $22.4 billion saved over 10 years.
BIOMARKERS AND PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
Molecular biomarkers (i.e., characteristics that can guide treatment and diagnosis) are
integral to personalized medicine and have the potential to expedite drug development,
increase patient safety and help to optimize clinical response. Findings from a recent
survey6
of the biopharmaceutical industry conducted by PhRMA and the Biotechnology
Industry Organization (BIO) suggest that congestive heart failure is one of the top
categories where qualified biomarkers may be the most useful in drug development.
Currently, industry, regulators, academia, patient groups and others are working
on solutions to increase the number of qualified biomarkers so they can be used to
improve the efficiency of drug development.
- CDC

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2015 Report: Medicines in Development for Heart Disease & Stroke

  • 1. M EDICINESIN DE V ELOPMENT | 20 15 REPORT JUST THE FACTS NEARLY MILLION BILLION MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT FOR HEART DISEASE & STROKE A REPORT ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 85.6 800,000 $320 #1 American adults living with some form of cardiovascular disease1 Cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States in 20132 The cost of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the United States1 
 Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States2 MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT | 2015 REPORT HEART DISEASE & STROKE IN PARTNERSHIP WITH Nearly 200 Medicines in Development for Heart Disease, Stroke and Other Cardiovascular Diseases According to the American Heart Association, someone in the United States dies from cardiovascular disease every 40 seconds, and more than 85 million Americans have at least one form of the disease. Heart disease has been the leading cause of death in the United States since 1921, but these numbers are declining.2 Age-adjusted deaths rates (per 100,000 population) from diseases of the heart have dropped from 412 in 1980 to 191 in 2012.2 In 2013, stroke dropped to the fifth leading cause of death after being the third or fourth leading cause for more than 50 years.2 While changes in behavior and lifestyle have had a significant impact, declining death rates from heart disease and stroke are largely thought to be a result of new medicines. The future is promising: today, biopharmaceutical research companies are developing 190 medicines3 for two of the nation’s leading causes of death—heart disease and stroke—all of which are in clinical trials or undergoing regulatory review by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Therapies in the pipeline today hold promise to build on the progress made by existing treatments. Recent therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease include: • New therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension that slow disease progression and reduce the risk of serious heart events associated with the disease. • A first-in-class medicine to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with a history of heart attacks or peripheral arterial disease.
  • 2. Innovative Medicines in the Pipeline Many of the medicines in the pipeline today use novel approaches to treat cardiovascular disease. Among the 190 medicines in development are potential treatments for: ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to cardiovascular events, including heart attack, where there is an abrupt reduction of blood flow to the heart through the coronary arteries. An anti-inflammatory medicine in development for the syndrome inhibits the activity of p38 mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase, an enzyme associated with the acute inflammation that occurs in the blood vessels during and immediately following an acute coronary syndrome event. HEART FAILURE A medicine in development to treat ischemic heart failure is a non-viral gene therapy that targets a tissue repair and regeneration pathway in the body. This pathway promotes cardiac function, cell survival and the repair of injured heart tissue. CARDIOMYOPATHY An investigational therapeutic using RNAi (RNA interference) is targeting the protein transthyretin (TTR) for the treatment of familial amyloid cardiomyopathy (FAC). FAC is associated with mutations in the TTR gene that cause the TTR protein to fold or assemble incorrectly, resulting in an accumulation of amyloid fibril deposits in vital organs, such as the heart. RNAi is a biological process that can be used to silence a gene and, in turn, prevent production of the protein it encodes. (cont from page 1) • The first medicines in a new class of cholesterol-lowering medicines that target LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), or “bad” cholesterol. • The first in a new class of treatments for heart failure that eases the strain on the failing heart, reducing repeat hospitalizations and death. The 190 medicines in development for cardiovascular disease, including heart disease and stroke, include: 33for heart failure, which affects about 5.7 million American adults.1 29for lipid disorders, including high cholesterol, which affects 30.9 million American adults with total cholesterol levels of more than 240.1 21for stroke, which affects 6.6 million American adults.1 18for peripheral vascular diseases, including critical limb ischemia and intermittent claudication. 12for hypertension, or high blood pressure, which affects 80 million adults in the United States.1 12for thrombosis, a condition characterized by coagulation or clotting of the blood in the veins or arteries (circulatory system). The medicines in the development pipeline today are continuing the already remarkable progress against heart disease and stroke, and promise longer, healthier lives for patients suffering from these diseases. Some medicines are listed in more than one category. For a complete list of the 190 medicines in development, please visit http://phrma.org/sites/ default/files/pdf/cardiovascular-drug-list-2015.pdf.
  • 3. Diversity in Clinical Trials: ABC Clinical Trials Network The Association of Black Cardiologists (ABC) is a nonprofit organization with an international membership of 1,500 health professionals, lay members of the community (Community Health Advocates), corporate members and institutional members, dedicated to achieving health equity and eliminating disparities related to cardiovascular disease in all people of color. The ABC Clinical Trials Network (ABC CTN) provides investigators from multiple specialties with unparalleled access to clinical studies of interest while offering industry “one-stop” access to multiple investigators that ascribe to the same standard of clinical trial conduct. Comprised of investigators from a variety of therapeutic areas, the ABC CTN was developed to serve as a central “wheel hub” of sorts to identify and vet clinical trial opportunities, match investigators to trials of interest, and provide some of the infrastructure support that some physicians have said they would find to be beneficial. More information for investigators and industry can be found here: www.abcardio. org/memberservices_research.php. ABC believes this is a win-win for investigators to create or increase their flow of research studies while reducing some of the administrative burden and associated costs. Patients will also have access to a portal that offers a wealth of educational resources as well as information about clinical studies of interest. ABC CTN members will enjoy a number of benefits, such as, clinical trial training and certification, referral to scientific leadership opportunities, contract and budget negotiation services, patient recruitment and retention support, the strength of ABC’s combined marketing and research development to identify trials of interest, periodic training on clinical research topics of interest, access to therapeutic area mentors and industry leading diversity engagement updates. Immediate Past President and ABC Research Committee Chair Dr. Ola Akinboboye said, “We are excited about the unlimited potential of the ABC Clinical Trials Network for many reasons, but especially because of the opportunity to positively impact ethnic diversity in clinical trials, which is central to ABC’s mission.” ABC membership is not required nor is there a fee to join the clinical trials network. To join, please take a few minutes to complete the ABC CTN survey. The purpose of this survey is to gather information regarding clinical research interests and capacity. MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT | 2015 REPORT TO COMPLETE THE ABC CTN SURVEY QUESTIONS, PLEASE VISIT: WWW.SURVEYMONKEY.COM/S/ABCCLINICALTRIALSNETWORK SPOTLIGHT: Hypertension Treatment Research has suggested that high blood pressure treatment improves health outcomes and yields economic benefits. For example, a study published in 20077 used real world evidence and mathematical modeling to examine the effects of antihypertensive therapy on the number and cost of heart attacks, strokes and deaths. Findings from this study indicate that treating patients with high blood pressure in accordance with clinical guidelines would result in fewer strokes and heart attacks in 2001 resulting in: Prevention of up to 89,000DEATHS and 420,000 HOSPITALIZATIONS Saving $15.6BILLION www.abcardio.org
  • 4. MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT | 2015 REPORT Footnotes: 1. American Heart Association 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics 3. Number of medicines obtained through public, government and industry sources, and the Adis “R&D Insight” database, Current as of November 6, 2015. 4. Age-adjusted death rates per 100,000 based on Year 2000 US Standard Population. 1980-1998 causes of death are classified by the Ninth Revision International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9). Beginning in 1999, causes of death are classified by the Tenth Revision International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) 5. Dall TM, et al. The economic impact of Medicare part D on congestive heart failure, American Journal of Managed Care, 2013; 19:S97-S100 6. Lavezzari G, Womack AW. Industry perspectives on biomarker qualification, Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2015 Sep 17 7. DM Cutler, et al. The Value of Antihypertensive Drugs: A Perspective on Medical Innovation, Health Affairs, 26, no 1 (2007): 97-110 “FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE DECLINE IN HEART DISEASE AND STROKE MORTALITY INCLUDE BETTER CONTROL OF RISK FACTORS, IMPROVED ACCESS TO EARLY DETECTION, AND BETTER TREATMENT AND CARE, INCLUDING NEW DRUGS AND EXPANDED USES FOR EXISTING DRUGS.” Spotlight: Heart Failure ADHERENCE AND ECONOMIC VALUE As the prevalence and cost of heart failure increases, a recent study5 , supported by PhRMA, found that improved adherence to medication, following the expansion of drug coverage under Medicare Part D, led to nearly $2.3 billion in savings in Medicare expenditures annually among beneficiaries with congestive heart failure. Despite the improvements in adherence following Part D, medication use remains sub-optimal. The study also found that improving adherence to recommended levels could save Medicare another $1.9 billion annually, leading to $22.4 billion saved over 10 years. BIOMARKERS AND PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Molecular biomarkers (i.e., characteristics that can guide treatment and diagnosis) are integral to personalized medicine and have the potential to expedite drug development, increase patient safety and help to optimize clinical response. Findings from a recent survey6 of the biopharmaceutical industry conducted by PhRMA and the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) suggest that congestive heart failure is one of the top categories where qualified biomarkers may be the most useful in drug development. Currently, industry, regulators, academia, patient groups and others are working on solutions to increase the number of qualified biomarkers so they can be used to improve the efficiency of drug development. - CDC