PCL Music for the Church Lesson 3

Music in the New
Testament Church
What does the Bible tell us?
(Lesson 1-2 Review and Lesson 3)
Ptr. Jerry F. Smith, Th.D.
Ministry Essentials Diploma Program
Faith Missionary Church & Bible Institute
Gruetli-Laager, TN, USA
jerryfranksmith@gmail.com

God has given us parameters for music in the
church
1. The will of the Lord
2. Filled with the Spirit
3. The word of Christ
4. Teaching and admonishing
5. Sing
6. Psalms, hymns, and spiritual
songs
7. Making melody in the heart

Ephesians 5:19
Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns
and spiritual songs, singing and making melody
in your heart to the Lord;
Two key verses in the New Testament
referring to music in the church
*Compare that to numerous verses in the NT referring to
doctrine and teaching, in the church.

Colossians 3:16
Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all
wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another
in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing
with grace in your hearts to the Lord.
Two key verses

out of the heart...
Luke 6:45
A good man out of the good treasure of his heart
bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man out
of the evil treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which
is evil: for of the abundance of the heart his mouth
speaketh.
Be filled with the Spirit (Eph 5:18)
Then the mouth speaks (speaking to yourselves/sing, Eph 5:19)

Colossians 3:16
wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another
in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing
What fills my heart before I speak?

For what purpose do I speak?
Colossians 3:16
wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in
psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing
Music in the church is meant to teach (to edify) and admonish
(to remind, to warn) one another

Singing in the church is meant to edify one
another
Colossians 3:16
Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom;
teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and
hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your
hearts to the Lord.
Biblically and theologically sound music
Music should edify (1 Corinthians 14:26) with focus on the words
The idea is that even in singing, believers can be built up!

5. Sing
church
With a purpose...

Sing
Ephesians 5:19
Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and
spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your
heart to the Lord;
singing… to the Lord: no instrument mentioned

Sing
Clearly, it is GOD’s will for us to sing to Him in
the church.
We are to make music with our mouths
(vocally)
Mechanical instruments are not necessary to do
that, nor are they specifically mentioned.

6. Psalms, hymns, and
spiritual songs
church

Speaking to yourselves...
Who was Paul’s audience?
The Ephesian and Colossian churches were made
up of both Jews and Gentiles

a psalm [Gk. psalmos]: the book of Psalms (Sacred Scripture set to music which
consisted of psalms [cf. Psalm 25-29], hymns [Psalms 120-134], and songs [cf.
Psalm 30,45,48,66-68]).
*The book of Psalms is a book of prayers, praises, songs, and hymns.
psalms [Gk. psalmos]: partake in glorifying, honoring, and praising God in lyrics
that could be sung with or without a (subdued) stringed instrument.
hymns [Gk. humnos]: an ode (a lyrical poem); could be sung with or without
(subdued) mechanical instruments; written in irregular meter (i.e. without regular
beat and rhythm).
spiritual songs [Gk. pneumatikos ode]: spiritual (spirit, as opposed to the
flesh); sacred songs praising, glorifying, or celebrating God in lyrics.

1. In the strictest sense, it may mean to sing only from the
(inspired) Book of Psalms
2. In a wider sense it may mean:
a. We may sing scriptural, doctrinally sound psalms
b. We may sing scriptural, doctrinally sound hymns
c. We may sing scriptural, doctrinally sound spiritual
songs
Psalms, Hymns, Spiritual Songs

It appears as if GOD has given us parameters for
singing in the church
Only from the Book of
Psalms
Words based on
Scripture / doctrine
• GOD is perhaps permitting us to find a place between them (based on our
walk with Him, cf. Romans 14)
• We need to be unified as a body on what we choose.
• My suggestion, is to find what best aligns us with the word of God, and
the character of God, Jesus Christ, edifying one another, being peculiar
people, and promotes the Gospel.

Parameters in the church:
Psalms, hymns, spiritual songs
Bible-based / God-exalting
Theologically / doctrinally sound
Edifying (cf. 1 Corinthians 14)
Should teach and admonish (Colossians 3:16)
The text was written to both Jews and Gentiles
Subdued (stringed) instruments may have been used

7. Making melody
church

In your heart
Ephesians 5:19
Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns
and spiritual songs, singing and making melody
in your heart to the Lord;
in your heart: not just the mouth (singing), but the heart also;
hence, instruments are not the focus; the singing from the
melody of the heartstrings; the result of being filled with the Spirit

Rhythm
(connection of
notes; makes
you want to
dance / snap
fingers)
Beat /
Tempo
(pulse [BPM];
makes you want
to ___.)

(Remember, Point #2, be filled with the Spirit)
Beat and rhythm appeal to the flesh
Galatians 5:17
For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the
Spirit against the flesh...
That means that there are things that appeal to
the flesh, and not to the Spirit

Melody
(flow; highs and
lows; what you
hum or whistle;
what comes
from the heart)

Which element (beat, rhythm, melody) appeals more to the flesh?
Which element appeals less to the flesh?
Which appeals more to emotions and feelings?
Which makes us feel good (like a sugar rush)?
The flesh profits nothing… (John 6:63)
We worship the Lord in spirit and truth (John 4:34)
Could it be that the Lord says, “making melody in your heart unto the
Lord” (Eph 5:19) to restrict the flesh from music in His church?

The difference between taking and giving
Maybe we think some church music is boring because
we want to feel the music instead of share it.
(We want to take instead of give)
Remember: Music is supposed to come from our
hearts not enter our hearts

Could it be that we do not naturally like the melody
(e.g. of hymns) because it does not appeal to the
flesh?
Galatians 5:17
For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit
against the flesh
The Spirit transcends culture.
Certain elements appeal to the flesh no matter where you
are from or who you are.

We are called to worship in spirit and in truth
(John 4:24)
John 6:63 It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth
nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and
they are life.
Jude 1:23 And others save with fear, pulling them out of the
fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh.
In Christ, we have been given a new way of
worship apart (separate) from the flesh.

We are not called to sound like the world
1 Peter 2:9
But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy
nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the
praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his
marvellous light:
That is man’s philosophy (Colossians 2:8)
Love not the world (1 John 2:15-16)

We are not to be conformed to this world
Romans 12:2
And be not conformed to this world: but be ye
transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye
may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and
perfect, will of God.

Those who want to incorporate music in the
church based on (modern) worldly trends have
some obstacles to tackle
The worldly beat / tempo
The appearance of evil (the world)
Overpowering the melody (of the heart)
The appeal to the flesh and not the Spirit

Use of Instruments in
the Church

Many arguments arise between brethren about IF
or WHICH instruments can be used in “worship”
These are arguments over apples and oranges.

If you want to talk about the OT, use of instruments in
tabernacle worship was not commanded in the Law
No reference.
There is no Mosaic law for music in the tabernacle for
one to insist on as a reference for having instruments in
the church

We do however, see instruments used in
temple worship by David’s command
2 Chronicles 29:25 And he set the Levites in the house of the
LORD with cymbals, with psalteries, and with harps,
according to the commandment of David, and of Gad the
king's seer, and Nathan the prophet: for so was the
commandment of the LORD by his prophets.
God commanded that there be instruments in the
temple according to David’s command in the past

Instruments in temple worship
2 Chronicles 7:6 And the priests waited on their offices: the
Levites also with instruments of musick of the LORD,
which David the king had made to praise the LORD,
because his mercy endureth for ever, when David praised by
their ministry; and the priests sounded trumpets before them,
and all Israel stood.
We do not see a mosaic law for instruments in the temple,
but apparently they were permitted by the LORD.

Psalms 149 & 150
Many Christians will point to the Book of Psalms (e.g.
Psalms 149-150) to make the point that Christians can
use various instruments in church.
• These are not specific references to “worship” in the church.
• These are references to all saints; to Israel, and or all creatures
to praise the LORD (i.e. everything that has breath).
• The church was a mystery to the Old Testament saints (cf.
Romans 16:25).

If we are seeking to “worship” in church, the Lord
said that we could worship anywhere and anytime
John 4:21,23
Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh,
when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at
Jerusalem, worship the Father
...the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers
shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth (See also
Malachi 1:11)
If you recall, worship is to be bowed down in heart.

Matthew 2:11
And when they were come into
the house, they saw the young
child with Mary his mother, and
fell down, and worshipped him.
“they” : the wise men

Revelation 11:16
And the four and twenty elders,
which sat before God on their
seats, fell upon their faces, and
worshipped God

Biblically speaking,
what does worship
look like?

What is the Bible’s definition of worship?
• It is an act of submission
• It is an act of bowing, kneeling, or
prostrating oneself
• It is an act of extreme reverence

The Bible shows us that practical
worship is bowing down before God
whether in body, or mind, or heart with
a submissiveness to obey His
commands and follow Christ

Our hearts are bowed down to GOD
(not in church, but in heart)
►Bowed down to OBEY His Word?
►Bowed down to YIELD to His Spirit’s leading?
►Bowed down to CONFORM to His will in our lives?
►Bowed down to SUBMIT to His authority in our lives?
►Bowed down to SURRENDER in heart, in prayer,
looking to and relying on GOD to meet our needs?

Worship can be done anywhere and anytime
(By God’s grace we ought to do it everywhere and all of the time)
John 4:21,23
Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh,
when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at
Jerusalem, worship the Father
The Lord is indicating that we no longer need to go to a
temple to worship God

Christ has given us specific guidance for the church
1 Corinthians 14
5 ...that the church may receive edifying
12 ...seek that ye may excel to the edifying of the
church
26 ...Let all things be done unto edifying

Ephesians 4
12 ...for the edifying of the body of Christ
16 … maketh increase of the body unto the edifying of itself in
love.
29 ...that which is good to the use of edifying, that it may
minister grace unto the hearers
(See also Romans 14:19 and 1 Thessalonians 5:11)
“Church” is not where we “worship” (i.e. sing songs to feel
good), it is where we edify one another through worship
(hearts yielded to Christ’s will for the church).

Many arguments arise between brethren about IF or
WHICH instruments can be used in “worship”
• The discussion is not about what instruments we can
“worship” with in church.
• Worship is an individual matter between us and
God.
*Outside of the church, why can’t we express ourselves to the Lord in
personal music if it is in-line with His word (just read the Psalms)?
This discussion is about what happens in the church.

When it comes to a command to use instruments
in the church, the New Testament is silent
We can see from the OT that God accepted instruments
used to praise Him, but is that for the church today?

Using instruments in the church ADDS to
what GOD commanded in the New Testament
In the psalms, we read of singing and instruments to praise
the Lord (cf. sing only, Heb 2:12)
In the NT, we do not read sing with instruments; we read
sing and melody.
Instruments can be implied from the NT context, but they are
not specifically commanded.
Sing and melody are.

Nowhere in the NT is there a clear reference to
using musical instruments in conjunction with
singing in the church
Matthew 26:30 And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the
mount of Olives.
Ephesians 5:19 Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual
songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord;
Colossians 3:16 Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom;
teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual
songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord.

There is one reference in 1 Corinthians to
instruments
1 Corinthians 14:7
And even things without life giving sound, whether pipe or
harp, except they give a distinction in the sounds, how shall it
be known what is piped or harped?
This could be a reference to instruments used in the
Corinthian church for psalms, or simply an understood
example used by Paul (cf. 14:26).

Certain psalms required stringed instruments
E.g. Psalm 4, To the Chief Musician on Neginoth. A Psalm of
David.
Neginoth meant a stringed instrument.

References to instruments in heaven
Revelation 5:8-9
8 And when he had taken the book, the four beasts and
four and twenty elders fell down before the Lamb, having
every one of them harps, and golden vials full of odours,
which are the prayers of saints.
9 And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to
take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for thou wast
slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of
every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation;

(Stringed) Instruments in heaven
Revelation 15:2-3
2 And I saw as it were a sea of glass mingled with fire: and them that had
gotten the victory over the beast, and over his image, and over his mark, and
over the number of his name, stand on the sea of glass, having the harps of
God.
3 And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the
Lamb, saying, Great and marvellous are thy works, Lord God Almighty; just
and true are thy ways, thou King of saints.
Notice, the songs in heaven are hymnic and accompanied by
stringed instruments (harps of God: possibly figurative language referring
to our own vocal chords)

If God had specified which instruments to be used in the
temple, and revealed instruments in heaven, could He
not have specified which should be used in the church?
2 Chronicles 29:25
And he set the Levites in the house of the LORD with cymbals,
with psalteries, and with harps, according to the commandment of
David, and of Gad the king's seer, and Nathan the prophet: for so
was the commandment of the LORD by his prophets. (cf. 2
Chronicles 8:14)
He hasn’t specified: He said sing and melody

But, some say, what about the OT references?
We cannot base our theology for the church on the OT.
Hebrews 8:13 In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath
made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is
ready to vanish away.
2 Corinthians 3:11 For if that which is done away was
glorious, much more that which remaineth is glorious.

What about the persecution of the early Christians,
didn’t they have to be quiet?
• We must not think that because of the persecution of Christians, they had
to be quiet (not use certain instruments), so as not to draw attention;
therefore, we can use any instrument today.
• God was well aware of what was happening at the time, and we must be
careful not to add to God’s word more than what has been revealed.
• Nevertheless, He wrote Ephesians 5:19 and Colossians 3:16
providentially saying only sing and melody.
We must worship God in truth (John 4:24), even if it isn't the
way we would prefer to worship Him.

Sing
Ephesians 5:19
Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and
spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your
heart to the Lord;

Sing
Clearly, it is GOD’s will is for us to sing to Him in
the church.
And, that singing is of primary import (as opposed
to instruments)
As such, IF instruments are used, they must be
subordinate to the singing and melody

Christians often refer to the Old Testament to
justify dancing in the church
Psalm 149:3 Let them praise his name in the dance: let them sing
praises unto him with the timbrel and harp.
Psalm 150:4 Praise him with the timbrel and dance: praise him
with stringed instruments and organs.
2 Samuel 6:14 And David danced before the LORD with all his
might; and David was girded with a linen ephod.
But, it is interesting to note that only the OT is used to support dancing, not the
NT. The NT only refers to dancing in a parable (Lu 15:25), among children
(Mt 11:17, Lu 7:32), and in reference to lust (Mk 6:22).

Dancing in celebration
Exodus 15:20
And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel
in her hand; and all the women went out after her with
timbrels and with dances.
See also 1 Samuel 18:6, Judges 11:34
Miriam’s dance was spontaneous (unplanned)

Psalm 149
Psalm 149:1,3
1 Praise ye the LORD. Sing unto the LORD a new song, and
his praise in the congregation of saints.
3 Let them praise his name in the dance: let them sing
praises unto him with the timbrel and harp.
A call to celebrate the LORD.

Psalm 150
Psalm 150:4,6
4 Praise him with the timbrel and dance: praise him with
stringed instruments and organs.
6 Let every thing that hath breath praise the LORD. Praise
ye the LORD.
Not a reference to the church or the temple but a
call for all of life to praise GOD using any means.

David dancing before the Lord
2 Samuel 6:14
And David danced before the LORD
with all his might; and David was
girded with a linen ephod.
Spontaneous (unplanned) joyful celebration by
David.

Unholy dancing
Exodus 32:19
And it came to pass, as soon as he
came nigh unto the camp, that he saw
the calf, and the dancing: and
Moses' anger waxed hot, and he cast
the tables out of his hands, and brake
them beneath the mount.
Also spontaneous

Unholy dancing
Mark 6:22,25
22 And when the daughter of the said
Herodias came in, and danced, and
pleased Herod and them that sat with him,
the king said unto the damsel, Ask of me
whatsoever thou wilt, and I will give it
thee.
Dancing can also be a temptation to the flesh

Acts 2:42-47 gives us an image of what early
church meetings looked like.
We read of doctrine, fellowship, breaking of
bread, prayer, and praising God.
We do not read of dancing.
Dancing was not part of the church meeting.

1 Corinthians 11 & 14 give us an image of what
early church meetings looked like.
We read of the Lord’s supper, fellowship meals,
tongues, prophecy, and singing.
We do not read of dancing.
Dancing was not part of the church meeting.

When it comes to choreographed dancing in the
church, Scripture is silent
We have other commands for the church, but nothing
about dancing.

When it comes to spontaneous dancing in the
church, Scripture is silent
We have other commands for the church, but nothing
about dancing.

Let us be careful not to add to the word of God
Deuteronomy 4:2
Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you,
neither shall ye diminish aught from it.
1 Corinthians 4:6
...that in us ye might learn not to go beyond the things which
are written...
Abide IN the teaching of Christ (2 John 9)

The Bible has a term for inventing what we think is
God’s will: “will worship”
Doing our own will, instead of following God’s will (cf.
Nadab and Abihu, Lev 10:1-3; Uzziah, 2 Chr 26:16-21; Saul, 1 Sam
13:8-14)
Colossians 2:23
Which things have indeed a shew of wisdom in will
worship, and humility, and neglecting of the body; not in any
honour to the satisfying of the flesh.

It appears that God has given us parameters for music in
the church
Filled with the Spirit
Seek to please God
Word of Christ
Teaching and admonishing
Sing
Psalms, hymns,
spiritual songs (from
the Book of Psalms)
Psalms, hymns,
spiritual songs
(based on Scripture /
right doctrine)
Melody (vocal only;
no instruments) Melody (instruments
that are subordinate to
the melody)

GOD has given us parameters for music in the
church
A discerning elder, and a discerning church will judge
these things.
• GOD appears to permit us to find a place between them (based on our
walk with Him, cf. Romans 14)
• We need to be unified as a body on what we adhere to based on Scripture.
• My suggestion, is to find what best aligns us with the word of God, the
character of God, Jesus Christ, edifying one another, being peculiar
people, and promotes the name of the Lord.

Reflective Questions 1
1) Are we seeking our own will or God’s will in music in this
assembly?
(Who should we be singing to?)
2) Do we approach music in this assembly being filled with the
Spirit?
(Do we see it as our own individual responsibility to assemble filled with the
Spirit in order to edify one another?)
3) Does music in this assembly flow from the word of Christ
dwelling in us richly?

4) The emphasis in Scripture is on the words
(Are the words the focus of music in this assembly?)
5) The words are to be doctrinal and edifying
(Do the words of songs in this assembly meet those standards?)
6) Psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs are commanded
(Are all three included in this assembly?)

7) Psalms and hymns and spiritual songs could have
possibly been sung accompanied by (stringed) instruments
(historically)
8) The direct guidance is sing and make melody from the
heart; apparently vocal melody (prescriptive)
9) IF instruments are used they are not to replace or
challenge the singing or the melody, but be subordinate to
the singing and the melody

Reflective questions about instruments
in the church
• Does the use of the instrument detract from the singing?
• Does the use of the instrument replace or overpower the
melody?
• Does the use of the instrument appeal to the flesh or the
Spirit?

Conclusion of the Matter
Paul gave us commands in Ephesians 5 and Colossians 3
regarding music in the church:
- We are to sing to the LORD
- Our songs are to teach and admonish one another
- We are to sing psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs
- We are to make melody in our hearts
No specific mention of beat and rhythm, the use of
instruments, or dancing

Hold to the traditions of the church
2 Thessalonians 2:15
Therefore, brethren, stand fast, and hold the traditions
which ye have been taught, whether by word, or our epistle.
traditions: that which is handed down from age to age

Suggested Experiment
Two Sundays: Sing psalms, hymns, and spiritual
songs without instruments (a capella)
Two Sundays: Sing psalms, hymns, and spiritual
songs with subdued stringed instruments
See what happens.

END PART 3
END OF PRESENTATION

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