from this ppt you can almost aware about the operation of hydraulic turbines and various specification releated to it... if you want to attains the knowledge about the turbines then must watch this ppt,... thankyou! if you want to follow me on twitter then contact me at ishantgautam51@yahoo.com

1. TRANSLAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &
MANAGEMENT
SEMINAR ON- “TURBINES.
SUBMITTED BY:
SUBMITTED TO:
ISHANT GAUTAM
B.TECH(M.E) 3RD YEAR
ROLL NO: 1232140025.

2. TURBINES
Turbines are the hydraulic machines
which convert hydraulic energy into
mechanical energy.
HYDRAULIC
ENERGY
TURBINES MECHANICAL
ENERGY

3. CLASSIFICATION OF TURBINES
 According to the type of energy at inlet:
 Impulse turbine
 Reaction turbine.
 According to the direction of flow through runner:
 Tangential flow turbine
 Radial flow turbine
 Axial flow turbine
 Mixed flow turbine.

4.  According to the head at the inlet of turbine:
 High head turbine
 Medium head turbine
 Low head turbine.
 According to the specific speed of the turbine:
 Low specific speed turbine
 Medium specific speed turbine
 High specific speed turbine.

5. If at the inlet of turbine the energy available is only kinetic energy, the
turbine is known as Impulse Turbine.
If at the inlet of turbine water possesses kinetic energy as well as
pressure energy,the turbine is known as Reaction Turbine.
If water flows along the tangent of runner,the turbine is known as
Tangential flow turbine.

6.  If the water flows in radial direction through the runner,the turbine is
known as Radial flow turbine.
 If the water flows from outward to inward radially,the turbine is known
as Inward radial flow turbine.
 If the water flows from inward to outward radially,the turbine is known
as Outward radial flow turbine.
 If water flows along the direction parallel to the axis of rotation of
runner, the turbine is known as Axial flow turbine.
 If water flows in radial direction but leaves in the direction parallel to
the axis of rotation,the turbine is known as Mixed flow turbine.

7. PELTON TURBINE
Pelton turbine is a
tangential flow impulse
turbine.
Pelton turbine is
suitable for high head
and low flow rate.
Energy available at the
inlet of the turbine is only
kinetic energy.
Pressure at the inlet &
outlet is atmospheric.

8. MAIN PARTS OF PELTON
TURBINE:
1.Nozzle and flow
regulating arrangment.
2. Runner and buckets
3. Casing
4. Breaking jet.

9. RADIAL FLOW REACTION TURBINES
 In radial flow reaction turbines water flows in the radial direction.
 The water may flow radially from outward to inward or from inward to
outward.
RADIAL FLOW
REACTION TURBINES.
INWARD RADIAL
FLOW TURBINE
OUTWARD
RADIAL FLOW
TURBINE

10. If the water flows from
outward to inward the
turbine is known as
Inward radial flow
turbine.
If the water flows from
inward to outward the
turbine is known as
Outward radial flow
turbine.
Main parts of Radial
flow Reaction Turbine:
1. Casing
2. Guide mechanism
3. Runner
4. Draft tube

11. INWARD RADIAL FLOW TURBINE
If the water flows from
outward to inward the
turbine is known as
Inward radial flow
turbine.
Guide wheel consists of
guide vanes which
directs the water to enter
the runner.
The outer diameter of
the runner is inlet & inner
diameter is outlet.

12. OUTWARD RADIAL FLOW TURBINE
If the water flows from
inward to outward the
turbine is known as
Outward radial flow
turbine.
The inner diameter of
the runner is inlet &
outer diameter is outlet.

13. FRANCIS TURBINE
The inward flow
reaction turbine having
radial discharge at outlet
is known as Francis
Turbine.
In modern Francis
turbine water enters the
runner in radial direction
at outlet & leaves in axial
direction at inlet of
runner.
Francis turbine is
suitable for medium
head and medium flow
rate.

14. AXIAL FLOW REACTION TURBINE
 If the water flows parallel to the axis of the rotation of the shaft the
turbine is known as Axial flow turbine.
 The axial flow reaction turbine the shaft is vertical.
 Lower end of shaft is made larger and known as hub/boss.
AXIAL FLOW
REACTION TURBINE
PROPELLER
TURBINE
KAPLAN TURBINE

15. KAPLAN TURBINE RUNNER.
When the vanes are
fixed to the hub & are
not adjustable the
turbine is known as
Propeller Turbine.
If the vanes are
adjustable the turbine is
known as Kaplan
Turbine

16. Kaplan Turbine is
suitable for low head and
high flow rate.
Main parts of Kaplan
Turbine are:
1. Scroll casing
2. Guide vanes
mechanism
3. Hub with vanes
4. Draft tube.

17. THANK YOU…