CHAPTER: Chemical bonding 11 standard chemistry CBSE,ICSE ,state board. The ppt covers the whole concept of molecular orbital theory.

1. Molecular orbital theory
Molecular orbital theory describes covalent bond in terms
of molecular orbital
Atomic orbital = Orbital of only one atom
Molecular orbital = Orbital of the entire molecule
Molecular orbital theory interprets
1. bond order
2. stability
3. magnetic character of
molecules

2. MO theory considers the wave nature of electron
electrons have a dual nature particles and waves
Waves interact in two ways
Constructive interaction Destructive interaction

3. Therefore electron interacts in 2 ways
Constructive way Bonding molecular orbital
lower energy
most stable
Destructive way Antibonding molecule orbital
higher energy
less stable
Bonding molecular orbital is of lower energy than individual atomic
orbital that’s why bond formation is exothermic

4. P orbital

5. PI BOND FORMATION SIGMA BOND FORMATION

7. How are molecular orbitals filled?
Orbital’s are filled in order of increasing energy

10. Magnetic characteristics
Paired electrons unpaired electrons
Diamagnetic paramagnetic

11. MO DIAGRAM OF OXYGEN
MOLECULE

13. HOMO : Highest occupied molecular orbital
LUMO : Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital

14. Bond Order
The calculation that predicts the stability of the molecule
3 : TRIPLE BOND
2: DOUBLE BOND
1: SINGLE BOND
0 : NO BOND

16. Question
Draw molecular orbital diagram of F2 molecule
and answer the following questions
1. what is the bond order of F2 molecule?
2. is it paramagnetic ?
3.Write molecular orbital electronic
configuration of F2 molecule?