FAO’s Blue Growth Initiative
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FAO’S Blue Growth Initiative - Small Scale Fisheries and Blue Growth http://www.fao.org/fishery/en
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FAO’s Blue Growth Initiative
- 1. FAO’s Blue Growth Initiative Blue Growth: Issues for Fisheries Dependent Coastal Communities Second International Blue Economy Dialogue 22 November 2017, Dhaka Árni M. Mathiesen, Assistant Director-General FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
- 2. Overview 1. Introduction to FAO BGI 2. BGI Communities Platform 3. Key takeaways
- 3. FAO Blue Growth Initiative FAO is working with a number of countries to develop and implement Blue Growth Strategies Not a one-size-fits-all approach, takes into account country priorities
- 4. Business as Usual Blue Growth Initiative (BGI) FAO Blue Growth Initiative
- 5. FAO Blue Growth Initiative Create enabling conditions for the transition to Blue Growth Improve governance of aquatic ecosystems Empower stakeholders for equal participation along the fisheries and aquaculture value chain Conserve biodiversity and habitats Implementation PhasesObjectives
- 6. BGI Communities Platform EMPOWERING SMALL-SCALE PRODUCERS IS CRITICAL TO THE BLUE COMMUNITIES PLATFORM Over 90% of all fishers and fish workers are small-scale Most are in developing countries and half are women Vital socio-economic function of SSF for food and nutrition security, income, employment, trade, etc. SSF are excellent candidates for transition towards blue growth due to their interconnectivity with and reliance on aquatic ecosystems Huge potential when people employed in SSF act not only as resource users but also as resource stewards
- 7. BGI Communities Platform For the Blue Communities Platform to be effective it needs to be linked to key instruments/tools.
- 8. The Right to Food Guidelines Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and related IPOAs The “SSF Guidelines” The “Tenure Guidelines” The “RAI” Principles Using Existing Instruments to Empower Small-Scale Fishing Communities
- 9. Voluntary Guidelines to support the Progressive Realization of the Right toAdequate Food in the Context of National Food Security (2004) The objectives of the SSF Guidelines are: a) to enhance the contribution of small-scale fisheries to global food security and nutrition and to support the progressive realization of the right to adequate food
- 10. Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (1995) 6.18 Recognizing the important contributions of artisanal and small- scale fisheries to employment, income and food security, States should appropriately protect the rights of fishers and fishworkers, particularly those engaged in subsistence, small-scale and artisanal fisheries, to a secure and just livelihood, as well as preferential access, where appropriate, to traditional fishing grounds and resources in the waters under their national jurisdiction. Purpose: Strengthen the international legal framework for more effective conservation, management and sustainable exploitation and production of living aquatic resources • Directed towards all stakeholders • Intended to help countries and groups of countries to develop or improve their fisheries and aquaculture, whilst ensuring the long-term sustainable use of fisheries resources and habitat conservation, and guaranteeing food security and alleviating poverty in fishing communities
- 11. First ever negotiated international instrument entirely dedicated to SSF | A global consensus on principles and guidance for small- scale fisheries governance and development (2014) Developed through a consultative process Bring together social development and responsible fisheries | beyond fisheries: chapters on gender, social development, value chain, climate change,… Complement other international instruments | Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries; Right to Food Guidelines; Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests - common grounding in human rights principles Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (2014)
- 12. • Represent the most comprehensive global consensus on tenure first global soft law instrument on tenure (2012) • Contain a set of internationally accepted practices for all forms of tenure serve as a point of reference on governance of tenure • Should benefit all people in all countries – with an emphasis on vulnerable and marginalized people. • Place tenure rights in the context of human rights as they are not internationally recognized as human rights. Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (2012) Chapter 5a of the SSF Guidelines builds directly on the VGGT reinforces the application of the VGGT in small-scale fisheries
- 13. Part 5: Respect tenure of land, fisheries, and forests , and access to water Responsible investment in agriculture and food systems respects legitimate tenure rights to land, fisheries, and forests, as well as existing and potential water uses, in line with: i. The Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries, and Forests in the Context of National Food Security, in particular, but not limited to, Chapter 12. ii. The Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication. A Principles for Responsible Investment inAgriculture and Food Systems (2014)
- 14. BGI Communities Platform Achieve environmental, economic, and social objectives Foster “enabling conditions” Deliver “transformational interventions” Scale-up or “mainstream” Blue Communities
- 15. Key Takeaways The FAO Blue Growth Initiative is a framework for achieving sustainable growth in the fisheries and aquaculture sector The goals of the FAO Blue Growth Initiative are to maximize economic and social benefits in an environmentally sustainable fashion The FAO Blue Communities platform seeks to empower and build resilient communities with improved livelihoods, food security and employment based on sustainable natural resources use, social organizations, norms and values, and users’ rights The FAO Blue Growth Initiative is closely aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Human Rights
Notas do Editor
- The Blue Growth Initiative and the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals go hand in hand. Blue Growth addresses environmental concerns and offers opportunities for decent work and livelihoods, while contributing to food security and nutrition, and safeguarding natural resources for the benefit of future generations. Blue Growth is designed to deliver development in three dimensions - environment, social and economic - while fostering cooperation and partnerships among countries and multiple stakeholders. The promotion of Blue Growth can accelerate progress across the SDGs, maximizing benefits particularly for Small Island Developing States and coastal LDCs. Not a one-size-fits-all approach, takes into account country priorities Regional Initiatives are being developed in – Asia Pacific Initiative Africa Package Caribbean
- FAO BGI vs Business as Usual Key takeaways for this slide: This is in context of FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT Business as usual fisheries and aquaculture development, including at FAO, has traditionally focused on sustainability but typically primarily on either environmental or economic sustainability but usually neither at the same time and usually with very little focus on social sustainability [point to diagram] Key takeaway: That’s what’s different about FAO’s Blue Growth Initiative (or BGI) which seeks to minimize environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable use of resources while maximizing economic and social benefits However it’s important to provide a few disclaimers about the Blue Growth Initiative: It’s not reinventing the wheel, it leverages a lot of existing instruments and approaches and creates linkages and synergies, particularly with respect to social benefits and empowering communities This framework is adaptable to country needs and priorities FAO uses the term Blue Growth to emphasize the need for development and growth in many developing member states
- FAO BGI is a framework focused primarily on FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT Blue Growth is a coherent framework for the sustainable and socioeconomic management of aquatic resources with an emphasis on efficient resource use in capture fisheries and aquaculture, ecosystem services, trade livelihoods and food systems. It aims to create an enabling environment for those involved in fisheries and aquaculture to act not only as resource users but also to play an active role in protecting and safeguarding these natural resources for the benefit of future generations. Implementation places the potential impacts of Blue Growth interventions in the context of creating enabling conditions, human and ecological system responses and transformational change in best practices and technologies, policies and investments. The work is organized around three linked platforms for transformational change focused on efficient resource use, decent work, energy efficiencies and innovation: Blue Communities, Blue Production and Blue Forum/Blue Trade. Means of implementation Moving from concept to action will require FAO to use its mandate and focus on: a) policy and governance dialogue and reform, b) support for blue actions, c) capacity development, d) facilitate partnerships, including with the private sector, e) provision of key information, and f) improve the uptake of knowledge, technologies and good practices while other means such as financing and research and development are covered by our partners.
- Empowering Small-Scale Producer in BOTH FISHERIES and AQUACULTURE is critical to the Blue Communities Platform Realizing the full potential of the oceans and wetlands will demand responsible and sustainable approaches to its economic development. Expanding the scope Fishing jobs > Blue community livelihoods Fish production > Intergenerational food security & nutrition Operator profitability > Economic, social stability Product volume > Value addition plus local/community food security Casting the net wider Harvesters > People along the value chain Captains > Fishers, fisherfolk, historically marginalized communities women, Indigenous Peoples, politically un-empowered, physically isolated
- GUIDLING PRINCIPLES OF BLUE COMMUNITIES PLATFORM Blue Communities Platform is guided by principles for sustainable community based fisheries development, it promotes a holistic approach to address fisheries governance and development that is: Inclusive Transparent Representative OBJECTIVES of BLUE COMMUNITIES PLATFORM Create an enabling environment for people involved in fisheries and aquaculture to act not only as resource users, but also to play an active role in protecting and safeguarding these natural resources for the benefit of future generations; Legal and policy frameworks that strengthen and empower stakeholders Secure user rights - communities that have access/rights to land and natural resources; Policies that are gender-sensitive and communities to ensure that the role that women play in fisheries and aquaculture is recognized, and that women in the sector have equal access to credit and finance; Place fisheries in the context of human rights Incentives to generate technical and financial innovation at the small-producer level established Improve governance and management of aquatic ecosystems; Focus on issues such as nutrition, school feeding, eliminating food loss and waste, food safety, food security and protection for small-scale fisheries Conserve biodiversity and habitats; Create more resilient communities with improved livelihoods, Improve food security and employment based on sustainable natural resource use, Empower concerned communities, in particular small-scale fisheries communities. Strengthen organizations, and participation in decision-making processes and to assume responsibilities for sustainable use of fisheries resources Emphasize importance of vulnerable and marginalized groups
- First objective of SSF Guidelines
- Set out principles and guidance for sustainable SSF development: framework for action for all stakeholders Place small-scale fisheries in the context of human rights - Emphasis on vulnerable and marginalized groups Empower SSF communities to participate in decision-making processes and to assume responsibilities for sustainable use of fisheries resources
- They are aimed at: All the stakeholders involved with land and other natural resources. Especially governments: they have a crucial responsibility of improving the tenure governance as decision- and lawmakers. Academia plays an important role – as they educate tenure professionals. They treat all aspects on governance, administration and management of tenure: Policies Legal frameworks Procedures and approaches Methods and technologies Services Capacity
- IMPLEMENTATION FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture is moving from concept to action under its mandate to eliminate hunger, fight poverty and ensure sustainable production of food. A diverse array of stakeholders feed into the implementation loop Achieve environmental, economic and social objectives The FAO Blue Communities Platform’s goals is to achieve environmental, economic, and social objectives in an integrated and holistic way. It can provide a foundation to improve livelihoods and enhance economic contribution of capture fisheries to food security Foster “enabling conditions” The Blue Communities is premised on the notion that necessary “enabling conditions” are critical prerequisites to achieving lasting change. Ensuring an enabling environment will support implementation and lasting impact. Establishing good governance arrangements in line with the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, Guidelines for Securing Small-Scale Fisheries (VGSSF) and providing secure tenure in line with the Voluntary Guidelines for the Responsible Governance of Tenure (Tenure Guidelines) to establish policy coherence, as well institutional coordination and collaboration. -- Implementation Guidance -- Regional, National Action Plans Deliver “transformational interventions” Once enabling conditions have been created, what we call “transformational interventions” can be carried out in ways that are sustainably impactful, in economic, environmental and social terms. These interventions could include the development of an aquaculture farm, or a seafood product business plan and involve private and public institutions, technical or financial incentives, or knowledge and capacity development, including implementation support and monitoring. Scale-up or “mainstream” Once the above elements are in place it will provide the foundation for coordinated and coherent scaling up, further development and resource mobilization for the Blue Growth Initiative and Blue Communities at global, regional and national levels by FAO and its partners.