Lecture 2: Electrical load demand analysis and management ; .. Estimate and Review Load  & energy demand assessment ... determine the figure of demand daily kwh consumption for specific building/customers ... Establish Work Plan to Get daily KWH ......Optimizing energy consumption by using potentials for opportunities conservation tools and measures

1. Free Training Course: Standalone photovoltaic
Designing and Installing
Eng.Eyad Adnan
https://www.linkedin.com/groups/12107513

2. Free Training Course: Standalone photovoltaic
Designing and Installing
BY
Eng.Eyad Adnan
https://www.linkedin.com/groups/12107513

6. 1. Lecture 2…Objectives
2. Facility Description
3. Auditing Energy
4. What and why we should specify KWH
5. Load & energy demand assessment
6. Methods for Calculating Energy Consumption
7. Measures for energy saving opportunities
8. Where apply daily KWH in PV Designing ??
9. Examples
10. Summary
11. Conclusion
12. References

7. • Estimate and Review Load & energy demand
assessment
• determine the figure of demand daily kwh
consumption for specific building/customers
• Establish Work Plan to Get daily KWH
• Optimizing energy consumption by using
potentials for opportunities conservation tools
and measures

8. • Residential/household building, Commercial
facility, or Industrial sector

9. • Step 1: Assess the daily energy consumption
kwh by tabulated electrical fittings or installed
power analyzer instrument
• Step 2: Use energy Audit and Energy
conservations tools
• Step 3:Get the final figure of optimized daily
electrical consumption KWh/day

10.  Q1: Why we need to optimize the daily kwh
before designing PV???
1. To decrease the initial cost for PV
construction
2. To decrease the losses from AC and DC loads
and enhancing the efficiency of plant

11. • What is Et (KWh/day) ???:
The average daily energy consumption is determined as
the sum of the energy consumption for each individual
load (for all loads of either a.c. or d.c.) as follows:
design load energy W.H =
sum of power W × usage time Hr

12.  Monthly Electrical bill:(Collect bill documents for over 12-
months)…Commercial/Households/industrial facility
For Example: GTC building in Gaza Strip

14. Step 2: Electrical Energy Auditing
 Light fittings
 Air Conditions
 refrigeration;
 cooking;
 cleaning;
 kitchen appliances;
 power tools;
 office equipment;
 communication and information technology
 water pumping
 Induction Motors

15. Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??

16. Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??

17. Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??

18. Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??

19. Alternative method: By instrument Power Analyzer
If you have got any instrument that measure
and store real power
 Using Power Analyzer Device-PDA1242
It is need professional engineer to install the
power analyzer device at the main board for
around 72 hours
Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??

20. Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??
Power Analyzer: Graphic Diagram

21. Power Analyzer: Line Diagram
Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??

22. • Tabulate to calculate the daily kwh figure
Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??
Power analyzer: Data Collection

23. • The data collected from power analyzed
transfer to excel sheet and check the power
factor and real power
• Check the maximum values within 72 hours
• Check the daily average power consumption
over 72 hours
• Get the maximum value from the three
average power consumptions before apply
electrical conservation measures
Step 3: Calculate and Get daily KWh??

24. Step 4: Measures for energy saving opportunities
Replace incandescent lamps with LED or compact fluorescent lamps
2
Use variable speed devices
3
select the electrical machines that got inverter
4.
Use high efficient materials for induction motors
Use either fixed or variable capacitors for power factor correction

25. Step 5: Get the optimal KWh to apply at PV design
equations
𝑃𝑃𝑉 =
𝐸 𝐿
𝜂 𝑉.𝜂 𝑅.𝑃𝑆𝐻
∗ 𝑆𝑓 …………………….(1)
where :
• 𝑃𝑃𝑉: The total capacity in a rating in kilowatts peak (kWp)
• EL (Total energy consumption per day )KWh/day;
• PSH ( 𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑘 𝑠𝑢𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
𝑕𝑟𝑠
𝑑𝑎𝑦
=
𝑎𝑣𝑔.𝐷𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 𝐼𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(
𝐾𝑊ℎ
𝑚2
.𝑑𝑎𝑦)
𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑘 𝑠𝑢𝑛(
1𝐾𝑊ℎ
𝑚2
)
)
• 𝜂 𝑅……….efficiency of charge regulator;
• 𝜂 𝑉………. efficiency of inverter ;
• 𝑠 𝐹……….(the safety factor, for compensation of resistive and PV-cell
temperature losses = 1.15)

26. • For Example: EL=10.86 kwh/day
Where apply daily KWh in PV Designing

27. Example(2):
Where apply daily KWh in PV Designing

28. Summary

29. Next Lecture

30. Conclusion
• Estimate the daily consumption is important to get the proper PV solar
panels and DC batteries
• Using measuring conservation tools will optimize the daily consumption
KWh/day
• Determine Loads and Identify circuit for required loads upon
customer/client claim
• You can use tabulating method to formulate the total daily consumption
or easily by using available instrument power analyzer
• Energy auditing is very important to specify the load types, maximum
demand and surging equipment and devices

31. 1. AS/NZS 4509.2
2. AS/NZS 5033:2014
3. library.iugaza.edu.ps/thesis/98927.pdf
4. PVTRIN Handbook
5. Markvart T. and Castafier L., Practical Handbook of
Photovoltaics: Fundamentals and Applications, Elsevier
Science Ltd, 2003
6. NABCEP (North American Board of Certified Energy
Practitioners,), NABCEP study guide for photovoltaic
system installers, USA 2013. , USA 2009.
References