Television Evolution from Analog to HDTV

1. Television Broadcasting:
Analog to HDTV
By Elisha Attia
March 2010

2. Felix the Cat
First image broadcasted by RCA 1928

3. Image ‘Capturing’ Device
Matsushita Vidicon 1950’s
Fairchild 2k x 2k CCD 2006

4. Image ‘Reproducing’ Device
Apple’s iPad 2010
1933

5. Virtual Tour of a Television Station

6. RADIO TO TELEVISION REVOLUTION
- From early days TV gained tremendous POPULARITY
- Need for: More Programs…More Networks…
- Improve poor B&W quality; too often “Stand By” slide….
- Broadcast Coverage limitations
What’s needed ?
- Better Quality, Better Viewer Experience
- Need Faster ‘Time to Air’ Production
- Move LIVE SHOWS to TAPED PROGRAMS
- Move STUDIO to MOBILE News and Story Gathering
TV’s Business Model : How to pay for all that ??
TV ADVERTS !
Driving Force ?

7. Play TV Ad
2009 Nielsen’s Report: “Today 54 % of US homes have more then 3 TV sets !”

8. CBC Radio-Canada
- Government Agency Since 1952
- 2008-2009 Operating Budget 1.7 B$:
1.1B$ Funding + 600M$ ADVERTISING REVENUE
- Provide Satellite, Internet, Radio and Television Services
- English, French and 8 Aboriginal Languages Networks
- Canadian In-House Programming
- 10,000 Employees
- 27 Offices in Canada
- 6 Time Zones - World largest broadcasting network

9. Digital
BROADCASTING STANDARDS EVOLUTION
CAPTURE STORAGE PRODUCTION TRANSMISSION RECEPTION
1950’s
1970’s
Analog
TODAY
1990’s
1980’s
NLE
1960’s
A / B Roll
Live

10. VIDEO COMPRESSION TECHNOLOGY
- File based Video - Central Storage
- Water Markings - Interlaced / Progressive
- Metadata - Lossless Editing
- MJPEG
- MPEG1
- MPEG-2
- MPEG-4
- H.263
- H.264/AVC
- AVCHD
- DV
- HDV
- HDTV

11. SCREEN FORMATS, BIT RATES and RESOLUTIONS
Bit Rates:
16 kbit/s Videophone
128 – 384kbit/s Video Conferencing
1.25 Mbit/s MPEG-1
1374 kbit/s VCD
5 Mbit/s MPEG-2 DVD
8 to 15 Mbit/s MPEG-4 HDTV
30 Mbit/s HD DVD
40 Mbit/s Blu-Ray DISC
Resolutions:
SDTV Standard-definition 480i NTSC 2 interlaced fields of 243 lines (analog 486i)
SDTV Standard-definition 576i PAL 2 interlaced fields of 288 lines (analog 576i)
EDTV Enhanced-definition television 480p 720×480 Progressive Scan
EDTV Enhanced-definition television 576p 720×576 Progressive Scan
HDTV High-definition television 720p 1280×720 Progressive Scan
HDTV High-definition television 1080i 1920×1080 2 interlaced fields of 540 lines
HDTV High-definition television 1080p 1920×1080 Progressive scan
4x3
16x9
Source ORC Feb 2010: “Study finds two-thirds of U.S. households have HDTV sets”

12. Media Fixed to
Mobile
TECHNOLOGY CONVERGENCE
BROADCAST - TELECOM
Broadcast
& Cable
Telephones
Telephony
Wireline
Information
Technology
Satellite &
Terrestrial
Wireless
WebTV
VOD
eBroadcasting
Digital TV
WiFi / Wimax
Portable Internet
Digital
Multimedia
Broadcasting
Mobile
TV
PDA Phone
Voice and Data Integration

13. Digital Television Presence
‘3 Screens’: Need for New Business Model…
WHAT’S NEXT? (CES & NAB)
“5% of U.S. buyers said they plan to buy a 3-D TV in the next 2 years ”
Source ORC Feb 2010

14. 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics: 3 Billions TV viewers !
Thank you

15. Contact Info:
Elisha Attia
elishaattia@yahoo.ca