Auto 60

2. A Plug-In hybrid electric vehicle is a vehicle that is designed to be
plugged into an electrical outlet/charging station to charge the on-
board battery while the vehicle is “off”.

3. By charging the batteries with an exterior source, the vehicle
can operate using electric power only, for longer times (vs ICE
hybrid)

4. Since PHEV’s are basically the same as a HEV, there are only a
few ways to identify them. They are as follows;
1. Badging
2. Second “Fuel Door” (used for the plug-in port)

7. The operation of a Plug-In hybrid vehicle is very similar to a HEV.
The main difference is the charging port, larger battery, and an
on-board charging module.
Service or maintenance is performed with the same procedures
as HEV

8. The size of a battery determines how far that vehicle can travel,
and how long it takes to recharge.
Larger batteries (higher kilowatt-hour) weighs and costs more.
Smaller batteries (lower kilowatt-hour) have less range.
PHEV is a compromise between the two “pros and cons”.

9. The standard HEV Prius has a 1.3 kWh battery.
The Plug-In version has a 4.4 kWh battery.
Note: PHEV batteries range from 4.4 kWh to 18.5 kWh at this time.
(Chevy Volt being the largest, with up to 50 miles of EV alone!)

10. After the battery has been discharged, the ICE is used to keep
the battery charged enough to propel the vehicle, but it does
not fully recharge the battery.

11. To fully charge the high-voltage battery in a plug-in hybrid
(PHEV) it must be plugged into an external power source.

12. Charging times vary on size of battery and level of charger. There
are three levels of chargers, they are as follows;

13. Level 1 chargers use 110 volt standard outlets. This charging
method takes the longest but is the cheapest to install and
operate. (16 amp max)

14. Level 2 chargers use 220 volts. These chargers can be added to
your house, allowing a faster recharge time, but at a higher
installation cost (typically $2K+). This is the most commonly
used level for public charging stations. (80 amp max)

15. SAE J 1772 standard plugs
AC Plug AC/DC Plug
NOTE: These plugs use a first/last contact AC pin

16. Level 3 chargers use 440 volts. These chargers can charge most
vehicles to 80% in less than 30 minutes! This high-charge rate
may be harmful to the battery. These chargers are professionally
installed and cost around $50K. (200 amp max, DC current)

17. CHAdeMO is a Japanese abbreviation of “CHArge de MOve” which
can be translated to “Charge for moving” (fast charge)
CHAdeMO Plug

18. Tesla gives the option to change out the whole battery pack at their
dealer/service centers. Total time from start to finish is within 10
min.! (Battery weighs just over 1100 pounds! 26 percent total
weight)

19. Can you identify these plug-in ports?
CHAdeMO SAE J1772

20. Tesla marches to its own drum, and uses its own plug. (They do
provide adapters for the standardized plugs)

21. Tesla adapters for 110 and 220.

22. Batteries work best when operated or charged within a
comfortable temperature range, 68 to 78 degrees Fahrenheit.
Before charging the vehicle can warm up or cool down the
battery using the HVAC system.

23. Since the PHEV and BEV vehicles can control battery temp
before charge (using electricity) you can download an app for
most manufactures and turn on the AC or Heater 15 minutes
before getting into your vehicle, so it is comfortable when you
arrive…..now that’s technology!
NOTE: Try to use when plugged in!

24. Lets take a look at some charging specs and diagnostic information.
https://butteedu-
my.sharepoint.com/personal/kielbcr_butte_edu/Documents/Aut60
/Weekly%20Curriculum/W13D1%20Plug%20in%20and%20Electric
%20vehicle/J1772.pdf

26. Some old technology is making a comeback with inductive
wireless charging. Lets see how it works at
www.pluglesspower.com

27. GM EV-1 wireless charging. (equivalent to Level 2)

28. Just like how the PHEV was a modified HEV. The BEV (Battery
Electric Vehicle) is a modified PHEV.
The main difference is a BEV has no ICE and a WAY larger Battery
pack, with a higher level charging port, and a larger (more
power) electric motor.

29. The typical BEV has an electric motor that ranges in power from
80 kilowatts (107 HP) and 350 kilowatts (470 HP). That’s huge
compared to the Prius 50 kilowatt motor.
Remember electric motors are rated at constant HP delivered,
where ICE’s are rated at peak HP.

30. Ford’s BEV Focus Charging Module.

31. Unlike extended range hybrids (PHEV), BEV owners experience
what is called “Range Anxiety” meaning, how far can I travel away
from home and will I make it back?

32. Unlike extended range hybrids (PHEV), BEV owners experience
what is called “Range Anxiety” meaning, how far can I travel away
from home and will I make it back?

33. Certain conditions can affect the estimated range of your vehicle,
such as the following;
1. Battery Energy Storage Capacity
2. Vehicle Weight
3. Outside Temperature
4. Terrain (Hilly)
5. Using accessories such as AC or heaters

34. To help estimate the range of an electric vehicle, multiply the
battery capacity in kilowatt-hours (kWh) by three to get a
“rough” idea of range.
For example, a battery is rated at 25 kWh and when multiplied by
three we get 75. This battery would power the vehicle around 75
miles unless there is an outside factor (accessories or hills)

35. Because BEV’s are so quiet (no ICE) there has to be a sound
generated when moving, to alert pedestrians.
Usually up to around 18mph and below 16mph.
Fake Engine ROAR!

36. Lets check out this video!