Installed on the utility side of an electrical service, a smart meter allows the utility to determine the quantity and time of electricity usage for setting rates and assessing charges. Installed on the facility side of an electrical service, a submeter allows an owner/operator to track quantity and time of electricity usage according to department, tenant, floor, or load type. Consulting and specifying engineers can help their clients realize benefits with minimal investments by encouraging them to consider smart meters and submeters. Smart meters can help owners/operators manage (and, in many cases, lower) their electrical demand charges and prepare for the Smart Grid. Submeters may help them allocate charges by tenant or department as well as help them qualify for LEED points. Visit www.csemag.com to view this as an "On Demand Webcast," download the slides, and to take the CEU Exam. 1 AIA CES accredited LU available for attendees.

1. Smart Electrical Systems:
Specifying and Commissioning
Smart Meters

2. About the Viewer Panel
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4. Quality Assurance
Consulting-Specifying Engineer, as a publication of CFE Media,
is registered provider J619 with The American Institute of
Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on
completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for
AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members
are available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such, it does not include content that
may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement
by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or
manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material
or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services
will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

6. Speakers:
• Tom Divine, PE, Smith Seckman
Reid Inc., Houston
• Chris Edward, KJWW Engineering
Consultants, Naperville, Ill.
• Jack Smith, Consulting- Specifying
Engineer and CFE Media LLC

7. Smart Electrical Systems:
Specifying and Commissioning
Smart Meters

8. Definition: Smart electric meter
• Measures electric energy
• Communicates
• May do other things, too

9. Dumb Not-as-smart Meters
• Not exactly dumb
• Electromechanical
• Very reliable
• 2% Accuracy
• All for about $35 in1980

10. Electromechanical Meter
Attribution: User:Ali@gwc.org.uk
Creative Commons
Attribution -Share Alike 2.5
Generic License

11. Move to digital meters – 1980's
• Sometimes an add-on device
• Unsophisticated communication
• Often implemented in limited scope for
worker safety

12. Smart meters today
• Digitize current and voltage
• Accumulate usage
• Log usage
• Transmit
• And may do more

13. Two smart meters
Attribution: User:J JMesserly.
Creative Commons
Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported
Attribution: Zuzu
Creative Commons
Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported

14. Other smart meter functions
• Waveform capture
• Power quality monitoring
• Automatic notification
• Transformer loss compensation
• Control functions

15. Specifying a smart meter
• What's its purpose?
• What does it talk to?
• What else does it need to do?

16. Purpose
• Billing
• Auditing utility charges
• Internal accounting
• Retrospective energy analysis
• Real-time analysis
• Advanced functions

17. Communications
• Number of ports
• Physical interface
• Wired, wireless
• Communication protocols
• Legacy systems

18. Other functions
• Waveform capture
• Power quality monitoring
• Remote notification
• Control functions

19. Commissioning
• Typically not examined
• Proper installation
• Current transformers
• Proper setup
• Transformer ratios
• Internal register mapping

20. More commissioning
• Accuracy testing
• Communications testing
• System integration
• Advanced function testing
• Programmable inputs and outputs

21. Finishing up
• Can't manipulate primary
• Secondary injection
• Ongoing commissioning

22. Summary
• Smart meters communicate
– and may do other more complex tasks
• Specifying a smart meter requires:
–Determining purpose
–Defining communication requirements
–Selecting advanced functions

23. Summary
• Commissioning a smart meter is a process
of verifying:
–Verifying the installation
–Verifying the setup
–Verifying accuracy
–Verifying advanced functions
–Verifying integration with other systems

24. Part 2 – Metering for Demand Response,
USGBC LEED, and Energy Star
Chris Edward, KJWW Engineering Consultants

25. Sponsored by:
Smart Electrical Systems: Meters, Submeters,
and Smart meters
 DEMAND RESPONSE
• Industry Overview
• Utility Metering
• Submetering
• Available DR Programs
 LEED CERTIFICATION
• Point system
• Metering and Submetering requirements
• Building types
 ENERGY STAR CERTIFICATION

26. Demand Response
• Direct or indirect relationship with the Utility
• Load ramping curtailment
• Peak shaving
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CALL FOR
D.R.
2:00 PMKILOWATTS
What is it?

27. DIRECTION OF THE INDUSTRY
• 40GW (4%) currently involved
• Development of standards
- Construction standards
- Protocol Standards
• Advancement of Smart Grid
• Load management rather than new
generation
• Integration of distributed generation
Demand Response

28. DYNAMIC PRICING
• Higher demand requires more costly generation
• Real-time pricing allows consumer response
• Utilities currently in the study and trial phase
Demand Response

29. ONGOING LEGISLATION
• Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission (FERC)
• Standards bodies
– ASHRAE
– US Green Building Council
(USGBC LEED)
– International Green Building
Council (IgCC)
– Contributors (IEEE, DRRC)
Demand Response

30. METERING
• AMI “Smart” metering
• Communication with the Utility
• Call for load curtailment
Demand Response
SIEMENS PRESS PICTURE

31. COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS
• Open Automated Demand Response (Open ADR)
– Developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, part of DOE
– Non-proprietary communication protocol
Communication of:
– Traditional events
– Price based events
– Load shed verification
Demand Response

32. SUBMETERING
Value is in ability to analyze facility usage, processes, patterns
• Departmental segregation
• Direct load control verification
• Building Automation integration
– Programmed load control
• Logging
– Data can be viewed on web portal, through BAS
Demand Response

33. POSSIBILITIES WITH METERING
• Contracted maximum load
• Automatic load shed based on utility voltage level
• Real-time pricing based automation
– Cycling of HVAC
– Lighting control
– On-site generation
• Net metering & distributed generation
Demand Response

34. CUSTOMER CONTRACTS
Types of involvement
Dynamic pricing without automation
Dynamic pricing with automation
DLC – Direct load control
Interruptible tariffs
Other
Specified notification of a minimum 2 hours to 10 minutes in
advance
Requests usually limited to 6 hours
Demand Response

35. CUSTOMER CONTRACTS
Third Party Administrator
Aggregator
Curtailment Service Provider
Provides:
• Installation and setup
• Web portal viewing
• Program administration
Demand Response

36. Sponsored by:
LEED
CERTIFICATION
Measurement & Verification Credits
Specifies
• Measurement options
• verification timeline
• plan for corrective action
Points
• 3 – New Construction
• 3 – Core & Shell
• 5 – Commercial Interiors
• 2 – Healthcare
• 2 – Schools

37. NEW CONSTRUCTION
HEALTHCARE
SCHOOLS
Option B: ECM Isolation
- Metering of building systems – Lighting, Motors, HVAC, General
- 1 year post-construction occupancy
or
Option D: Whole Building Simulation
- Energy model and post-occupancy verification from metering
or
Energy Star (1 point)
LEED Certification

38. CORE & SHELL
M&V – Base building
- IVMVP Option B or Option D (or Energy Star for 1 point)
- to include existing metering and tenant metering plan
M&V – Tenant submetering
- Expandable central metering network
- Tenant M&V plan
- Corrective action
LEED Certification

39. COMMERCIAL INTERIORS
Projects <75% of total building
- Install submetering within tenant space
- Energy costs paid by tenant
Projects >75% of total building
- Submetering for lighting, HVAC loads, water use
- IPMVP Option B,C, or D
- Corrective action plan
LEED Certification

40. OTHER POINTS SUPPLEMENTED BY METERING
EAc2 – On-site renewable energy
EAc3 – Enhanced commissioning
Water efficiency credits
LEED V4 DRAFT
• Added water metering points: cooling tower, outdoor vs. indoor
• Building level metering: “electricity, natural gas, chilled water, steam, fuel
oil, propane, biomass, etc” and sharing of data for 5 years.
• Advanced Energy Metering: submetering down to 10% of load type;
remotely accessible data
• Demand Response: automatic DR; on-site generation not counted.
LEED Certification

41. Sponsored by:
Any facility can be rated
Scale: 1-100 points based on efficiency above baseline
Performance rating based on 11 months of metering data
ENERGY STAR CERTIFICATION

42. Sponsored by:
ferc.gov Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
drrc.lbl.gov Demand Response Research Center
pjm.com PJM regional transmission organization
usgbc.org US Green Building Council LEED
energystar.gov DOE energy star program
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

43. Submitting Questions, Exit Survey and Archive
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hyperlink
• Can also access from www.csemag.com home page

44. Speakers:
• Tom Divine, PE, Smith Seckman
Reid Inc., Houston
• Chris Edward, KJWW Engineering
Consultants, Naperville, Ill.
• Jack Smith, Consulting- Specifying
Engineer and CFE Media LLC

45. Today’s Webcast Sponsor

46. Smart Electrical Systems:
Specifying and Commissioning
Smart Meters