1. ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ،ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺭ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻤﺠﻠﺔ2010،ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺩ12ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ،1ﺹ165-200
http://www.alazhar.edu.ps/arabic/Deanships/Higher_Edu/Higher_Education.htm
ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔﺍﻝﻨﺒﺎﺘﻲﻴﻌﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲﺠﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﻓﻲ
)ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ(
Jenin Governorate,bad Area'Charcoal Industry in Ya
ﻏﻀﻴﺔ ﺭﺃﻓﺕ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ
ا ا
اا ح-
ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻼﻡ ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ2/2/2009ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻭل ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ5/1/2010
ﺍﻝﻤﻠﺨﺹ:ﺘﺘﻀﻭﺘﺤﻠﻴﻼ ﻭﺼﻔﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻤﻥ
ﻤﻨﻅﻭﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻌﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ
ﻋﺩﺓ ﻤﺸﺎﻜل ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻭﺘﻭﺍﺠﻪ ،ﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ
،ﻝﻠﺤﻭﺍﺠﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ
ﺍﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻀﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺩ ﻭﺼﻭل ﻴﻌﺭﻗل ﻤﻤﺎ
ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻌﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ.ﻫﺩﻓﺕ ﻭﻗﺩ
ﺍﻝﺠﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﻭﻑ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﻯ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻴﻌﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ
ﺃﻥ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ،ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻀﻔﺔ ﺸﻤﺎﻝﻲ ﺠﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ
ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﺃﺜﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻭﻗﻔﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﻤﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ
ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ.ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻤﺩﺕ
ﺭﺼﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺤﻴﺙ ،ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺩﺍﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ
ﺍﻝﺨﺭﺍﺌﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺘﻭﻗﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊﻜﻤﺎ ،
ﻤﻥ ﻁﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﻭﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ ﺘﻡ
ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ.ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﺸﺘﻤﻠﺕ
ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﻤل ،ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺭﻑ
ﻭﺘﻁﻭﺭ ،ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﺜﺭﺓ
ﻭﺇﻨﺘﺎﺠﻪ ،ﺍﻝﺠﻐﺭﺍﻓﻲ ﻭﺘﻭﺯﻴﻌﻪ ،ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺘﻪ
ﻭﺭﺃﺱ ،ﻭﻤﺼﺩﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺩ ،ﻭﺇﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺘﻪ
ﻭﺍﻝ ،ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺎل،ﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﺠﺩﻭﻯ
Abstract: This study includes
description and analysis of
charcoal industry in Ya’bad area
near the city of Jenin northern the
West Bank, Palestine. This
industry faces many obstacles,
mainly the frequent closure of
Israeli roadblocks. The study
aimed at studying the economical
profitability of charcoal industry in
the area. The study was based
mainly on field work. All charcoal
industrial sites were visited and
allocated on maps, and a
questionnaire was designed and
distributed at a selected sample of
owners of this industry using the
stratified random sampling
approach. The study aimed at
recognizing the elements of this
industry, factors affecting selection
of the industrial site, its
development, production and
productivity, the crude materials
and their sources, the capital, the
economic benefits, labor, and
2. ﻏﻀﻴﺔ ﺭﺃﻓﺕ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ---------------------------------------------
)166(--------ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ،ﺒﻐﺯﺓ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺭ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻤﺠﻠﺔ2010ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺩ ،12ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ ،1
ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻭﺘﺴﻭﻴﻕ ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻤﺎﻝﺔ.ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺍﺘﺒﻌﺕ
ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﺼﻔﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬﺞ
ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻝﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺩﺍﻨﻲ.
ﺍﻝﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻭﺘﻭﺼﻠﺕ
ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ:
1-ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﻱ ﺍﻹﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ
5740387ﺒﻤﻌﺩل ﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭﺍ76538ﻝ ﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭﺍﻠﻤﻭﻗﻊ
ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺤﺩ.
2-ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤل ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺒﻠﻎ15514ﻭ ،ﹰﺍﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ
ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺎل ﺭﺃﺱ ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻌﺩل
1.46ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺠﻴﺔ ﻤﻌﺩل ﻭﺒﻠﻎ ﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ ﻝﻜل ﹰﺍﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ
ﻨﺤﻭ ﺍﻷﺠﻭﺭ8.92ﹰﺍﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ.
3-ﺍﻝﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻤﻌﺩل ﺒﻠﻎ148ﻤﻥ ﹸﺎﻁﻨ
ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻭﺘﺒﺎﻴﻨﺕ ،ﺴﻨﻭﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ20-400
ﺴﻨ ﹸﺎﻁﻨﺍﻷﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻭﺒﻠﻎ ،ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻝﻠﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﻴﺎ
ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﻹﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻭﻴﺔ1217075.83،ﹸﺍﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ
ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻝﻠﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ
16227.68ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺒﺎﺡ ﻭﺼﺎﻓﻲ ،ﹸﺍﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ
ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻠﻤﻭﻗﻊ1352.31ﹸﺍﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ.
4-ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺃﺜﺭﺕ
ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺯل ﻭﺍﻝﺠﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺒﺭ ﻝﻠﺤﻭﺍﺠﺯﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ
ﺍﻥ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ،ﻴﻌﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻔﺤﻡ ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻋﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺘﻠﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻁﻴﻥ1948ﻫﺎﻤﺎ ﺴﻭﻗﺎ ﺘﻤﺜل
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ ﻝﻸﺨﺸﺎﺏ ﺭﺌﻴﺴﺎ ﻭﻤﺼﺩﺭﺍ ﻝﻠﻔﺤﻡ
ﺍﻝﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ.
production marketing.
The main findings of the study
were:
The total value of yearly
production was 5740387 Jordan
Diners (JD), and the average
production value for one site was
76538 JD.
The average production value for
one worker in this industry was
15514 JD, and the capital
production was 1.46 JD, while the
average of wage productivity was
8.92 JD.
The average productivity of one
industrial site was 148 tons a year
of charcoal, and this productivity
varied from one site to another
between 20-400 tons, because size
of sites is not the same. The net
annual profit of producing charcoal
is JD 1217075.83 with an annual
average of 16227.68 JD for one
site, and a monthly average of
1352.31 JD.
The frequent closure of Israeli
roadblocks and the erection of the
Israeli segregation wall affected
very much the Charcoal industry in
Ya'bab area, because this industry
depends very much on the wood
imported from the Occupied
Palestine 1948.
ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﻤﺔ
ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴﺭﺍﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺘﻌﻭﺽ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻝﻼﺴﺘﻬﻼﻙ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻫﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻊ ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﺘﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻥ
ﺇ ﺴﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ ﺇﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ،ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻤﻥﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻼﺕ ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺭ ﻝﻰ
ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﻜﻥ.